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Biomedical subjects

B Lisowska-Myjak

Publications and source records attributed to B Lisowska-Myjak.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Serum protease inhibitor concentrations and total antitrypsin activity in diabetic and non-diabetic children during adolescence.

The aim of the study was the assessment of the concentrations and establishment of mutual relationships between three main protease inhibitors: alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), alpha-2-macroglobulin (alpha-2-M) and antithrombin-III (AT-III), and of the total trypsin inhibitory capacity (TIC) in the serum of diabetic and non-diabetic children during adolescence. Forty-nine children (24 girls and 25 boys) with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 24 non-diabetic children (13 girls and 11 boys) were divided according to the Tanner scale into three groups: pre-, peri- and post-pubertal. The concentrations of AAT, alpha-2-M and AT-III were determined by the radial immunodiffusion method on NOR-Partigen plates (Dade-Behring), while TIC was determined by the method using BAPNA as substrate. Means and medians of serum AAT [1.55 g/l, 1.40 (95% confidence interval, 1.42-1.68), respectively] and TIC [10.6 mg trypsin/100 ml, 10.3 (95% CI, 9.5-11.7)] in diabetic children were lower than means and medians of AAT [1.81 g/l, 1.60 (95% CI 1.55-2.07), respectively] and TIC [12.5 mg trypsin/100 ml, 13.2 (95% CI, 10.9-14.1)] in non-diabetic children. A comparison of variables between Tanner groups shows an increasing trend of AAT concentration in diabetic children and a decreasing trend of TIC in non-diabetic subjects. In contrast to pre- and peri-puberty, no correlations were found in the postpubertal period between the studied parameters, either in diabetic or non-diabetic patients. Hyperglycaemia and the duration of diabetes were found to have a significant association with alpha-2-M and AT-III concentrations, but not with AAT serum concentrations. The concentrations and correlations between serum protease inhibitors in diabetic children during adolescence are disrupted compared with non-diabetic children. Taking into account the unfavourable consequences of vascular complications resulting from serum trypsin inhibitor changes and protease- antiprotease imbalance, diabetic children are at greater risk of this occurring during adolescence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Serum alpha-1-antitrypsin concentration during normal and diabetic pregnancy.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was a comparison of serum alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) concentration in the course of normal and diabetic pregnancy. METHODS: Serum AAT concentration was determined on NOR-Partigen plates (Behring Diagnostics GmbH, Marburg). The studied material included healthy women without pregnancy (n=14), healthy pregnant women in the first trimester (n=12), second trimester (n=15), third trimester (n=15), and 16 pregnant women with type-1 diabetes mellitus studied prospectively in successive stages of pregnancy. RESULTS: In the first trimester of normal pregnancy, a significant increase of serum AAT concentration was observed in comparison with healthy women without pregnancy (P<0.01). In all stages of pregnancy with type-1 diabetes mellitus, a higher increase of AAT concentration was found as compared with healthy pregnant women (P<0.0001), especially in third trimester. There was no correlation shown between concentration of AAT and fructosamine in the serum of healthy and diabetic pregnant women (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: During normal and diabetic pregnancy, an increase of serum AAT concentration occurred with the regression lines exhibiting a different slopes. The highest AAT concentration was observed in third trimester of diabetic pregnancy. Increase in concentration of AAT in the serum of pregnant women with diabetes does not depend on the value of glycaemic control.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Comparison of urinary excretion of albumin and alpha-1-antitrypsin in patients with arterial hypertension.

The aim of the presented pilot study was to compare urinary excretion of two plasma proteins similar in molecular mass and isoelectric point: albumin and alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) in patients with different forms of arterial hypertension and in healthy subjects. The 24-h urinary excretion of albumin and AAT were assessed in 52 patients, 29 with essential hypertension and 23 with secondary hypertension, caused by renovascular hypertension, adrenal phaeochromocytoma and obturative sleep apnoea syndrome. The concentrations of albumin and AAT were determined by rocket immunodiffusion. An increase of mean albumin and AAT urinary excretion was demonstrated, as compared to the control group, both in the patients with essential hypertension and with secondary hypertension. In 93.2% of the healthy subjects no AAT presence in urine was detected. No correlation was found between the excretion of albumin and AAT with urine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Fecal alpha-1-antitrypsin excretion in children with diarrhea.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the concentration and immunoelectrophoretic characterization of alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) excreted in random fecal samples in children with acute and chronic diarrhea and in control groups. METHODS: Thirty-two children with diarrhea and 23 healthy children were evaluated. The concentration and characterization of AAT were determined by radial immunodiffusion and crossed immunoelectrophoresis, respectively. RESULTS: The increase in the concentration of fecal AAT was more than the upper limit for the control group (1.25 mg/g of dry stool mass) in the patients with chronic infectious diarrhea and in 52% of those with chronic non-infectious diarrhea but not in those with acute diarrhea, infectious or non-infectious. Immunoelectrophoretic analysis showed two forms of fecal AAT in both sick and healthy children. The alterations in the concentration of fecal AAT did not correlate with the immunoelectrophoretic pattern of AAT. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the determination of fecal AAT could give clinically useful information about the difference between infectious and non-infectious diarrhea and the activity of characterizing disease with diarrhea.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

[Microalbuminuria as a prognostic marker of cardiovascular diseases].

Microalbuminuria and its associations with vascular disease has been reported in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. The significance of microalbuminuria in cardiovascular complications is unclear. It has been suggested that microalbuminuria reflects a more generalized pathological process of the vascular system, affecting the glomeruli, retinal vessels and the intimal larger vessels, simultaneously. Microalbuminuria is more prevalent in diabetic, hypertensive and elderly people with risk of vascular complications. Testing for microalbuminuria is recommended for all identifying subgroups with risk vascular complications and premature death. Such program is likely to be cost-effective because of savings in the treatment costs and complications (e.g. renal dialysis and transplantation).

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1995

[Alpha-1-antitrypsin, albumin and whole protein in meconium and stools during the first days of life in the neonate].

Samples of meconium and first stools were taken prospectively over the first 3 days of life from healthy, term neonates from uncomplicated deliveries (control group) and from neonates that were hypertrophic, premature, delivered through a Cesarian section or born to diabetic mothers. The variability and diagnostic value of determining alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), albumin and total protein in these samples was analyzed. Both the level and dynamics of AAT in the first three days of life differed between the study and control groups. No correlation was found between the AAT and albumin concentrations in the studied material. An increase in total protein content over control values was found in the same neonates that showed elevated AAT concentration in meconium and stools. The concomitant determination of AAT, albumin and total protein in stool makes it possible to discriminate between these groups of neonates with a 91.7% accuracy.

Albumins↗
PubMed1987

[Multi-indicators in the biochemical and clinical evaluation of exposure of workers in the petrochemical industry. I. Preliminary epidemiologic screening studies].

Eleven non-routine biochemical and clinical indicators (selected of 26 preliminarily estimated) in Petrochemical Plant workers and in controls, localized in an increasing distance from the Plant (3-18-40 km), have been measured. Even in the 3 km distance, no effects of the Petrochemical Plant have been found. All the exposed groups exhibited changes in enzymes GGT and TA. We estimate these indicators as universal. The concentration of haptoglobin (Hp) changed in 3 groups, whereas sialic acid and arginase--in 2 exposed groups.

Amidinotransferases↗
PubMed1987

[Multi-indicator biochemical and clinical evaluation of occupational exposure of workers in the petrochemical industry. II. Results of the search for early clinico-biochemical signs of exposure to toxic substances present in the petrochemical industry. Analysis of the results of 5-year epidemiological studies].

The activities of GGT (EC 2.3.2.1.) and glycine transaminidase (EC 2.6.2.1.) increased in all studied groups after at minimum four years of exposure to: acetobenzene, furfurol, ethylene--derivatives, polypropylene and butadiene. Besides these universal indicators the specific ones were found for a particular group of exposure: for acetobenzene--sialic acid, haptoglobine and IgA, for furfurol--sialic acid and haptoglobine, for ethylene--derivatives--haptoglobine, ceruloplasmine and the activity of arginase of the red blood cells, for polypropylene--IgA, for butadiene--proteolytic activity. These changes are treated as a manifestation of adaptive processes--the answer of the body to the environmental stimuli but not as the signs of early damage. The need of verification of the results by prospective studies is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Intestinal arginase in the phylogenetic development of animals].

The activity of intestinal arginase was studied in 31 species belonging to the types Annelides, Arthropoda and Chordata. Large variations of the enzyme activity were tested. The differences were of 2 orders of magnitude--100 times. Four groups were selected: animals with very low arginase activity up to 0.20 microM of ornithine/mg of protein/15 min; this group comprises both phylogenetically lower and higher animals (cockroach, locust, frog, duck, domestic hen, broiler chicken, horse, hyppopotamus, ox, sheep, antelope); animals with rather low activity up to 0.22 to 0.60 microM of ornithine/mg of protein/15 min (crayfish, herring, salmon, bream, cod, pike-perch, mink, fox, dog. man); animals with moderate activity up to 0.63 to 1.15 microM of ornithine/mg of protein/15 min (pigeon, coypu, guinea-pig, hog); animals with high activity up 1.15 to 9.26 microM of ornithine/mg of protein/15 min (rabbit, rat, hamster, mouse). According to the profile the activity of the enzyme along the long axis of the intestine two groups of animals could be separated: one in which arginase activity is the same over the whole length of the intestine, in animals with very low and rather low arginase activity, and the second in which there is a distinct topographical differentiation of activity (the highest in the jejunum decreasing gradually with differing gradients) in animals with moderate and high arginase activity. Intestinal arginase activity in quails in ontogenic development from the birth up to 233 days, show 2 peaks--one at 9 and the second at 23 days.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Intestinal arginase in vertebrates and invertebrates.

1. Arginase was found to be present in the intestine in all species of Annelida, Arthropoda and Chordata studied. 2. The activity of intestinal arginase differs from species to species, the differences reaching two orders of magnitude (100 x). 3. The highest activity of intestinal arginase was observed in the rodents (mouse, rat, hamster). 4. In animals in which the enzyme activity was high or moderately high, arginase activity showed topographical differentiation along the long axis of the intestine.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Elastase imbalance: alpha-1 antitrypsin in aneurysms].

The balance between proteinases and their inhibitors is important in maintaining structural integrity of connective tissues, including the arterial wall. Elevated serum elastase level is a possible serum marker of patients with high risk of aneurysm formation. Possibly, the heterozygous and the homozygous AAT deficiency states are genetic risk factors that could predispose a aneurysm formation.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indicators of the identity of aspirates from the oral cavity of newborn infants and the amniotic fluid: pH, protein levels and the activity of trypsin inhibitor].

The aim of the study was to establish the biochemical identity as regards pH, protein content and trypsin inhibitor activity between the aspirate from the various sites of the newborn oral cavity and the amniotic fluid. It has been found that only correctly collected aspirate from the oral cavity without any admixture of the subepiglottic or gastric content is identical with amniotic fluid. Measurement of trypsin inhibitor activity in the improperly collected aspirate with pH below 5 must not be performed. The examination of the correctly sampled aspirates from the newborn oral cavity could be a source of the new early information regarding survival and the clinical condition of the newborn.

Amnion↗