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Biomedical subjects

B M Ariél'

Publications and source records attributed to B M Ariél'.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Experimental morphological analysis of perichondrial chondrogenesis].

Microscopic structure of perichondrium of rabbits of different age groups was studied under normal conditions and after its ortho- and heterotopic transplantation in several variants. The results obtained showed that after isolation from its normal environment and placement into unusual conditions of survival, perichondrium maintained its capacity for growth; its cells were found to divide and differentiate actively eventually forming regular hyaline cartilage in a manner similar to that taking place during normal ontogenesis. Perichondrial chondrogenesis occured in all cases of free perichondrial transplantation, provided the experimental conditions assured the optimal vascularization of transplant bed and there were no inerference with the realization of perichondrial histoblastic potential. The most intensive and full-scale chondrogenesis was obtained in the experiments that provided the expansive growth of transplant due to availability of a free space above it. Under these conditions, the proliferation of chondroblasts occured similar to that taking place in normal articular cartilage, outer surface of which faces the free space of articular cavity. These experimental data were supported by the clinical practice, where perichondrial transplantation is successfully used for the treatment of osteoarticular pathology.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Immunological parameters and mycobacterial biological properties in infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis].

Thirty-one patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis were clinically and immunologically examined. A relationship was found between the definite immunological parameters and the biological properties of mycobacteria. The higher viability of mycobacteria and the increase in the drug resistance have been shown to be associated with the decreased activity of lymphocytes and the suppressed production of interleukin-2, which suggests a decrease in the activity of type 1 T helper cells and a significant increase in the synthesis of tuberculosis antibodies with the lower serum concentrations of circulating immune complexes. This is an informative indicator of a severe specific process, as previously established. Moreover, the authors show certain differences in the changes of immunological parameters in patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis with varying mycobacterial properties. Thus, the results of the performed study make investigators pay a particular attention to the immunopathogenetic value of the biological properties of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Historical reference: giant multinuclear cells in tubercular granuloma].

By studying the background materials, the authors have analyzed N. I. Pirogov's works on the pathological anatomy of tuberculosis. They show the fallacy of the widespread statement on N. I. Pirogov's priority in describing one of the characteristic cell elements of tuberculous granulation tissue, namely multinuclear giant cells referred in the Russian literature to as Pirogov-Langhans cells.

Giant Cells↗
PubMed2003

[Acute tuberculous bronchiolitis in a patient with generalized miliary tuberculosis].

A case study of an acute tuberculous bronchiolitis (a rarely encountered form of generalized miliary tuberculosis), whose aggravated progressing resulted in fatal outcome 2 months after the onset of the initial disease signs, is described. The prevalence of non-specific infectious-and-allergic manifestations is a clinical-and-morphological peculiarity within the case study, which confirms a diversity of morphological changes occurring in the organism in tuberculosis infection. The etiological- and pathogenetic specific features of acute tuberculous bronchiolitis in children and in adults are under discussion; in particular, a possible role of a preceding viral infection is evaluated. It is one of the cases of hematogenic generalization in primary tuberculosis of adults, observed by the authors, when an involvement of the pulmonary and parenchymatous organs as well as of arachnoids and substances of the cerebrum was registered. The presence of generalized vasculitis with fibrinoid swelling and with necrosis of collagenous fibers of medium (and with the development of pan-vasculitis in the discussed case) is typical of all such observations.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

[Molecular genetic characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients operated on for pulmonary tuberculosis].

The RFLP-IS6110 assay was used to genotype 67 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from different specimens (including intraoperative ones) of 24 patients operated on for chronic progressive pulmonary tuberculosis who lived in north-western Russia. More than half (53%) of 17 types of RFLP profiles of isolates are identical and typical of M. tuberculosis of the Beijing family. Comparing the results of isolate genotyping with clinical, microbiological, and pathomorphological findings allows cases of endogenous reactivation to be differentiated from exogenous (nosocomial, in particular) reinfection in recurrence. Beijing genotype strains are shown to cause more severe unarrested course of drug-resistant fibrocavernous tuberculosis. At the same time such strains are more frequently detected in relatively young persons with a shorter duration of the disease, which reflects current clonal Beijing genotype dissemination that present a severe epidemiological hazard.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Morphology of active tuberculous coxitis in adults].

16 patients with active tuberculous coxitis (ATC) aged 19-54 were treated surgically. Histological evidence on the removed tissue specimens from 6 patients elucidated a number of features characteristic for active specific inflammation in adults versus children. These are: balanced alternative-exudative and productive changes, absence of advanced necroses, purulent necrotic mass and formation of cavities and abscesses, presence of marked focal and diffuse leukocytic infiltration.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The pathoanatomical,diagnosis of progressive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis in relation to the new clinical classification].

This communication is a letter of information that gives for postmortem diagnosis a brief account of tuberculous inflammation and major types of pulmonary tuberculosis during their progression to death and an approximate outline of pathoanatomical diagnosis. Terminal tuberculosis is shown to be now complicated by miliary and caseous pneumonias. Caseous pneumonia may appear as an independent nosological entity and as a complication of acute progression, more frequently, of fibrocavernous tuberculosis. Caseous pneumonia as a tuberculosis type is an irreversible process that calls for emergency surgical treatment. It has been found that there are primarily impairments in lung connective tissue function, acute mesenchymopathy with high blood barrier permeability in caseous pneumonia. Terminal bronchiolar lesion is a later stage in the pathogenesis of caseous pneumonia.

Disease Progression↗
PubMed1996

[The anatomicofunctional characteristics of the hip joint].

32 femurs and 23 cotyloid cavities of people who died in accidents and also 29 locked hip joints of just-received cadavers of patients died from somatic diseases were studied by macroscopic methods. The results confirmed that femur head is being nourished from the obturator artery basin. Shape and other parameters of ligament of the costal head so as its possible absence in the hip joint were found to result from interrelations between cotyloid cavity and head of the femur. Ligament of the costal head is maximally strained in extreme femur adduction and in all other positions it is more or less relaxed. This indicates the lack of essential mechanical role of ligament of costal head in hip joint biomechanics. The data obtained substantiate the possibility of using the ligament as a nutritive vascular peduncle of an osteochondral autograft, excised from lower internal region of femur head.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of the severity of tuberculous process in mouse lung].

A method for quantitative evaluation of lung affection degree in experimental tuberculosis mice has been elaborated according to the findings of macroscopic study. Consideration is given not only to the productive changes in the lungs, but also to the manifestation degree of exudative reactions. The proposed criteria are presented in a formalized pattern that is suitable for any mathematical treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Pathologic changes in vertebral osteomyelitis].

Osteomyelitis of the vertebral column (VC) was considered in the past as a form of sepsis. The disease developed after purulent infection provoked by staphylococcus, enterobacteria and other infectious agents, rapidly progressed and terminated not infrequently, by a patient death. Wide spread destructive process due to the purulent lysis of the bone and cartilage was observed in VC. This disease acquired some new features at present. Although its etiology remained the same, osteomyelitis of VC is now chronic inflammatory process with recurrences and formation of purulent foci in VC with the spread to the paravertebral tissues and adjacent organs. The number of grave complications is reduced and lethal cases are practically absent.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Morphologic manifestations of "prune belly" syndrome as shown by autopsy and surgical speciments].

The organs were morphologically studied in 21 children at the age of 4 days to 12 who died of or were operated for "prune belly" syndrome. Muscle hypoplasia and muscle aplasia in 2 cases in the anterior abdominal wall were found. Dysplastic processes with chronic pyelonephritis and ureteritis were observed in the kidneys and ureters. The relation of kidney and ureter dysplasia with intrauterine cytomegaly was suspected in 4 cases.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1992

[Diagnosis of liver diseases in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

The paper deals with the results of detection of liver diseases in 868 patients who underwent examination at the department of pulmonary tuberculosis surgery of the St. Petersburg research institute of phthisiopulmonology. The rate of carriage of hepatitis B surface antigen was 11.05%, while Al/At activity was increased in 30.41% of the cases. Signs of chronic liver disease were diagnosed in 84 patients. Morphological examination verified the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis in 53% of the cases, including 44% of virus etiology; in the rest of patients medicamentous and alcoholic forms were found. Specific liver affections were detected in 16% of the patients, dystrophic and cirrhotic changes in 25%, mainly of medicamentous and alcoholic etiology; in 8% the cause of liver affection remained +non-established.

Adult↗