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Biomedical subjects

B M Colls

Publications and source records attributed to B M Colls.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cis-platinum and distal renal tubule toxicity.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and plasma electrolyte concentrations were evaluated prospectively in 22 consecutive patients treated with serial courses of cisplatinum combination chemotherapy. In addition, renal distal tubular function was assessed in the first 12 by measurement of overnight urinary concentration after intranasal desamino-d-arginine vasopressin inhalation and by a standard short urinary acidification test following the administration of oral ammonium chloride. Cumulative and dose-related hypomagnesaemia was observed in all patients but was unassociated with clinical symptoms. No significant fall in GFR was seen in the group as a whole but four of the 12 patients studied more comprehensively developed impairment of urinary concentrating and acidifying abilities, independent of any change in GFR. This indicates a selective effect on the renal distal tubule.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1983

Serum profiles and safety of intermediate-dose (500-1,000 mg) methotrexate following IV and IM administration.

Despite extensive clinical experience with methotrexate there is no consensus of opinion as to the ideal method of administration. This study tested the hypotheses that intermediate-dose (500-1,000 mg) methotrexate can safely by administered to outpatients as an IM injection, and that similar serum profiles of methotrexate result from IM and IV administration. Fourteen patients received 500 mg methotrexate, and nine of these received 1,000 mg as an IM injection. Methotrexate levels at 24 and 48 h were below the levels at which toxicity can be expected. Six patients received 500 mg both IM and IV and 1,000 mg both IM and IV. Serum methotrexate profiles over 48 h were similar following both IM and IV administration. This study showed no evidence of significant toxicity in terms of bone marrow, gastrointestinal, or renal impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Normal sister chromatid exchange and cell cycle progression in cultured lymphocytes from patients with malignant lymphoma.

Twenty patients with malignant lymphoma were examined; all but 2 were untreated or had not recently received therapy. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and cell progression through to the third mitotic cycle after phytohemagglutinin stimulation did not differ according to lymphoma type or disease stage, and the lymphoma group as a whole did not differ from 20 normal controls. These findings are contrary to other recent studies of SCE in malignant lymphoma. The only patient who had received recent chemotherapy had the highest SCE score and a greatly accelerated cell cycle response.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The antiemetic activity of tetrahydrocannabinol versus metoclopramide and thiethylperazine in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy.

A double blind-cross-over randomised clinical trial has been conducted to compare the antiemetic effects of tetrahydrocannabinol, thiethylperazine and metoclopramide. There were no significant differences in the antiemetic effects of these drugs. The incidence of adverse reactions as recorded by both the staff and the patients was significantly higher in the tetrahydrocannabinol group than in either the metoclopramide or thiethylperazine groups. This trial has established that in the dosages used tetrahydrocannabinol given by mouth has an antiemetic effect of approximately the same order as thiethylperazine and metoclopramide. However, its adverse effects are sufficiently greater than those of the other agents to prevent is widespread usage for this purpose. Tetrahydrocannabinol taken by mouth is not recommended as a routine antiemetic agent in cancer chemotherapy.

Antiemetics↗
PubMed1979

Multiple myeloma--prognosis, treatment and survival in an eight year study.

Data are presented from an unselected group of 76 patients with multiple myeloma, diagnosed over an eight year period in Christchurch. The median survival time was 31 months from commencement of treatment. The median survival of patients with Bence Jones proteinuria (29 months) was significantly shorter than those without this feature (47 months). Patients with lambda proteinuria had a median survival of 25.5 months and those with kappa proteinuria 32 months, but this difference was not statistically significant. The correlation of presenting anaemia, azotaemia or hypoalbuminaemia with a bad prognosis was confirmed. Immunosuppression of nonmyeloma immunoglobulins in patients with IgA or IgG myeloma was associated with a significantly worse median survival. Chemotherapy was discontinued in 11 patients at a variable period after one year of remission. In six cases the disease did not relapse, but relapse occurred in four cases and in three of these control could not be reasserted. One patient developed acute myeloblastic leukaemia five months after treatment was discontinued.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The management of Hodgkin's disease in a regional centre over an eight-year period.

The staging and management of Hodgkin's disease has been discussed in relationship to experience obtained over an eight year period in a regional centre. Eighty cases were shown to be evaluable and the data pertaining to them has been discussed. A complete remission has been achieved by either wide-field radiotherapy or combnation chemotherapy in 78 percent of these cases. Sixty-six percent of the evaluable patients were alive and well five years after their diagnosis. The importance of interdisciplinary co-operation in management and the referral of such patients to a regional centre has been stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Gestational trophoblastic malignancy.

Gestational trophoblastic malignancy, although rare, offers the clinician the opportunity of being able to cure a malignant disease with cytotoxic chemotherapy. Such an opportunity is fulfilled only when the progress of the post-molar patients is monitored and chemotherapy instituted as soon as the malignant transformation of the mole is documented. The management and treatment of nine cases is presented and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Immunocytoma, cancer and other associations of monoclonal gammopathy: a review of 224 cases.

The clinical, haematological and biochemical correlations of 224 consecutive unselected examples of monoclonal gammopathy have been studied. The paraprotein frequency detedted was IgG 62 percent, IgA 15.2 percent, IgM 10.3 percent, Bence Jones protein 8.9 percent and in 3.6 percent the paraproteins were not identified. In half the monoclonal gammopathy was associated with an immunocytoma (myeloma in 82 and lymphoma in 30). In three cases the associated clinical disease was amyloidosis. In 36 cases (16.1 percent) the associated clincial disease was a nonlymphoproliferative malignant tumour. Monoclonal gammopathy may be a significant marker of malignancy in such cases. In 73 cases (32.6 percent) the associated clinical conditions were unrelated to the gammopathy although only 55 of these cases were sufficiently investigated to warrant classification as examples of benign monoclonal gammopathy. There was a strong correlation between Bence Jones proteinuria and malignancy. Sixty-five patients demonstrated Bence Jones proteinuria and in 59 of these a malignancy was detected. The association was strong between hypercalcaemia and malignancy as this was present in all 27 of the cases who had hypercalcaemia. The relationship between Bence Jones proteinuria and hypercalcaemia was also strong and Bence Jones proteinuria was detected in 73 percent of the hypercalcaemic patients as opposed to 36.7 percent in the whole series. Hypercalcaemia and Bence Jones proteinuria, when found in a patient with monoclonal gammopathy have a grave clinical connotation.

Adult↗