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Biomedical subjects

B M Hausen

Publications and source records attributed to B M Hausen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The sensitizing capacity of the antioxidants propyl, octyl, and dodecyl gallate and some related gallic acid esters.

8 alkyl gallates, including the widely used antioxidants propyl, octyl, and dodecyl (= lauryl) gallate, have been subjected to experimental sensitization in guinea pigs. Using a modern sensitization procedure, the results showed that all gallates are moderate to strong contact sensitizers: dodecyl (= lauryl) gallate was found to be the strongest. A characteristic correlation between side chain length and mean response was observed, giving a maximum of sensitization at a length of 12 carbon atoms (dodecyl gallate). A literature review revealed that the frequency of reports of allergic contact dermatitis from antioxidants of the gallate type has increased in the last 4 years. In most cases, the moderate sensitizer propyl gallate was the source of sensitization.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Propolis allergy (IV). Studies with further sensitizers from propolis and constituents common to propolis, poplar buds and balsam of Peru.

26 different compounds have been investigated experimentally for their sensitizing capacity in guinea pigs. 19 of these occur in propolis as well as in poplar bud exudates, and 14 of them are also found in balsam of Peru. 4 caffeates and benzyl isoferulate were found to be strong sensitizers. 7 compounds were moderate, and 13 compounds showed only weak sensitizing potency. Methyl cinnamate was negative. Patch tests in 11 propolis-sensitive patients once more revealed 3-methyl-2-butenyl caffeate and phenylethyl caffeate as the major sensitizers. In addition to the 8 compounds already known to occur in propolis as well as in balsam of Peru, we detected 5 further substances that both materials have in common. Among these, benzyl isoferulate is considered a noteworthy sensitizer. Coniferyl benzoate, which was shown to be a moderate sensitizer, is present in fresh samples of balsam of Peru, while in propolis it has been detected only once so far. The flavonoid aglycones occurring in poplar bud exudates, and hence also in propolis, are weak sensitizers which play only a minor role in propolis hypersensitivity.

Allergens↗
PubMed1991

Occupational wood-dust sensitivity from Euonymus europaeus (spindle tree) and investigation of cross reactivity between E.e. wood and Artemisia vulgaris pollen (mugwort).

A 44-year-old goldsmith suffered from rhinitis and conjunctivitis after having worked with wood dust from Euonymus europaeus (E.e.) for 15 years. The material was used for drying pieces of jewelry. Very strong reactions could be seen after friction test, scratch test and nasal challenge using wood dust of E.e. RAST-class 3 could be measured with the serum of this patient using E.e. wood and Artemisia vulgaris (A.v. pollen) allergen disks. RAST-inhibition, western-blot (WB) and immunoprint (IP) indicated common allergens in extracts of E.e. wood and A.v. pollen of different degree. In addition this study indicated that subjects suffering from A.v. pollen allergy also show sensitization to E.e. wood since in 22 of 37 A.v. pollen allergies A.v. (RAST class 2-4) IgE-antibodies could be seen. The present case probably demonstrates for the first time an IgE-mediated type I allergy to E.e. wood.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

alpha-Peroxyachifolid and other new sensitizing sesquiterpene lactones from yarrow (Achillea millefolium L., Compositae).

Yarrow, Achillea millefolium L., is one of the commonest weeds of the Compositae family. Cases of allergic contact dermatitis have been described since 1899. Although 10 sesquiterpene lactones (SL) and 3 polyines have previously been identified, the sensitizers of yarrow have escaped detection. A reinvestigation of short ether extracts of yarrow revealed the presence of 5 unsaturated hitherto unknown guaianolides of peroxide character. The main SL, identified as a strong sensitizer in guinea pig sensitization experiments, was named alpha-peroxyachifolid. The minor SL also contribute marginally to the sensitizing capacity, while other known yarrow constituents like dehydromatricaria ester and pontica epoxide appear to play no role. A 5-year follow-up (1985-1990) of Compositae-sensitive patients showed that more than 50% reacted when tested with a short ether extract of yarrow. Exacerbation of the patch test sites by irradiation with UV light was never observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

New hydroxyisoflavans as contact sensitizers in cocus wood Brya ebenus DC (Fabaceae).

A 15-year-old girl developed perioral dermatitis and swelling of the lips, having played a flute made of cocus wood for 2 years. Patch tests with wood shavings, as well as with subsequently isolated constituents named Cocus I and Cocus II, were strongly positive. After complete purification, both contact allergens were identified as isoflavan derivatives. While Cocus I was shown to be 7,8-dihydroxy-2',4',5'-trimethoxyisoflavan, the structure of Cocus II could not be elucidated exactly. It could have been either 7,8,3'-trihydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan or 7,8,2'-trihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavan. The exact position of the hydroxy and methoxy group in C-2' and C-3' can be determined only by complete synthesis of both compounds or by isolation of greater amounts of Cocus II for further oxidation experiments. Due to the stronger patch test reaction and the higher yield of Cocus I in the wood, this hydroxyisoflavan must be recognized as the main contact allergen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Structure of 2-methoxy-6-nonyl-1,4-benzoquinone, C16H24O3, a synthetic contact allergen related to the naturally occurring primin.

C16H24O3, Mr = 264.36, triclinic, P1, alpha = 4.167 (1), b = 9.658 (1), c = 19.093 (1) A, alpha = 89.66 (1), beta = 87.27 (1), gamma = 79.07 (1) degrees, V = 753.65 (1) A3, Z = 2, D chi = 1.165 Mg m-3, lambda(Cu K alpha) = 1.5418 A, mu = 0.595 mm-1, F(000) = 288, T = 295 K, R is 0.047 for 1682 observed unique reflections. The angle between the quinone ring plane and the mean plane defined by the aliphatic nonyl chain atoms is 17.4 (3) degrees. The average Csp3--Csp3 bond distance and corresponding angle of the side chain are 1.522 (3) A and 113.2 (2) degrees. The average dimensions of the quinone ring are C--C 1.485 (3), C = C 1.337 (3), C = O 1.209 (3) A, C--C--C 118.4 (2), C = C--C 120.8 (2), O = C--C 120.8 (2) degrees. Neighboring molecules form dimers across centres of symmetry which are linked by C--H...O hydrogen bonds, with H(3)...O(4i) 2.42 (4), C(3)...O(4i) 3.29 (2) A, and angle C(3)--H(3)...O(4i) 164 (3) degrees. The dimers are held together by van der Waals forces between the nonyl side chains, and by C(16)--H...O(2ii) hydrogen bonds, with H(163)...O(2ii) 2.56 (4), C(16)...O(2ii) 3.357 (3) A, and angle C(16)--H(163)...O(2ii) 140 (3) degrees [(i) -x, 1 -y, -z; (ii) -1 -x, 1-y, -z].

Allergens↗
PubMed1990

Structure of 2',6'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxychalcone.

1-(2,6-Dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-o ne, C17H16O5, Mr = 300.31, orthorhombic, Pbca, a = 27.903 (3), b = 13.958 (2), c = 7.662 (1) A, V = 2984 (1) A3, Z = 8, D chi = 1.337 Mg m-3, lambda(Cu K alpha) = 1.5418 A, mu = 0.729 mm-1, F(000) = 1264, T = 295 K, R = 0.040 for 1702 observed reflections. Two intramolecular hydrogen bonds are observed. The hydroxyl H atom at O(6A) is hydrogen bonded to the C(9) carbonyl group with short distances O(6A)...O(9) = 2.406 (3) and O(9)...H(6A) = 1.38 (3), O(6A)--H(6A) = 1.09 (3) A, the angle O(6A)--H(6A)...O(9) is 153 (4) degrees. The other hydrogen bond is of the C--H...O type with distances C(8)...O(2A) = 2.778 (4), H(8)...O(2A) = 2.09 (3) A and the angle around H(8) is 124 (2) degrees. Conjugation is observed between the aromatic rings and the central enone system. The molecule is not planar, the angle between the planes of the phenyl rings being 13.1 (4) degrees. Intermolecular O--H...O bonds with distances O(6A)...O(2A) = 2.689 (2), H(2A)...O(6A) = 1.86 (4) A and angle O(2A)--H...O(6A) = 176 (4) degrees form endless chains of molecules along b.

Chalcone↗
PubMed1990

[Contact allergy for Alstrumeria (inca lily)].

We report 6 patients with occupational contact allergy to Alstroemeria cultivars. Four of them presented with the clinical picture of 'tulip fingers'. They all reacted to parts of fresh plants and to tuliposide A. The literature on Alstroemeria allergy is reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Bowmaker's disease: an occupational disease in the manufacture of bows for string instruments].

Inhalation of wood dust from the tropical tree Fernambouc (Caesalpinia echinata) in the manufacture of string bows can cause characteristic symptoms (bow-makers disease). To confirm this observation, 177 bow-makers, working in a village near Erlangen (Bavaria), the centre of this manufacture, filled in questionnaires. Of these 36 worked with Fernambouc, 141 with other types of wood. Twelve out of these 36 suffered from dyspnoea, cough, sneezing impulses, tearing and coryza, which would disappear quickly at weekends and during holidays. 14 of those working with other types of wood merely had sneezing, irritation of the mucosa, a few also cough, dyspnoea and tearing. Extracts of Fernambouc splinters were made for serological testing. However, neither experimental sensitization in animals nor skin tests in the twelve gave allergic reactions. A 51-year-old woman with long-standing bronchial asthma developed dyspnoea five minutes after an inhalative provocation test; a prick test brought about slight infiltration. Thus, no evidence of an allergic origin of symptoms from Fernambouc dust inhalation could be elicited.

Asthma↗
PubMed1990

Contact allergy to Australian blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon R.Br.): isolation and identification of new hydroxyflavan sensitizers.

Australian blackwood is known to be an important cause of allergic contact dermatitis in Australia. Previous investigations have shown that 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone and acamelin are 2 of the responsible, but weak, sensitizers. When these 2 quinones are lacking, which is occasionally found, the wood still possesses allergenic properties. The present re-examination led to the isolation and identification of 4 hydroxyflavans, of which 3 proved to be allergens. Melacacidin, known to be the main constituent of these flavan derivatives in the heartwood, was isolated and its sensitizing capacity in guinea pigs determined. It showed a moderate sensitizing power. Melacacidin occurs abundantly in 125 Australian and 3 African Acacia species.

Acacia↗