PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B M Kapur

Publications and source records attributed to B M Kapur.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Primary oesophageal carcinoma in teens.

Seven teenaged patients with primary oesophageal carcinoma, treated at our hospital in the last 6 years are presented and their management discussed. Five patients had localised disease. Three of them underwent total oesophagectomy, one was given radical radiotherapy, and one was lost to follow-up. Two patients had metastatic disease at presentation. The primary oesophageal carcinoma in this age group may not be so rare as reported in the literature and must be considered in the differential diagnosis of dysphagia. Like their older counterparts, the outcome depends on the stage of the disease and is not influenced by age per se.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Characteristics of drug users admitted to alcohol detoxication centers.

A survey of admissions to Ontario's alcohol detoxication centers showed many admissions used alcohol in combination with other drugs, and a poor correspondence between self-reports and results of the urine analysis. The use of THC was more common among younger admissions with low urine alcohol levels. Benzodiazepine use was more common among referrals from hospitals, general practitioners, and those presenting with cuts and bruises.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using mycobacterial saline-extracted antigen for the serodiagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis.

The efficacy of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was evaluated in the sera of 215 individuals as a diagnostic aid in abdominal tuberculosis. The subjects had abdominal tuberculosis (group 1), intestinal disorders other than tuberculosis (group 2), cirrhosis of the liver (group 3), and peritoneal malignancy (group 4). Sera from patients of pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy volunteers (group 5) were also analyzed for enzyme activity and served as positive and negative controls. In patients with abdominal tuberculosis, the absorbance (OD) values were significantly higher than for the other groups and healthy volunteers (p less than 0.001). OD values were similar in abdominal and pulmonary tuberculosis (p greater than 0.05). Level above 0.7 (OD) in serum suggests tuberculosis with a sensitivity of 81%, specificity of 88%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 84%. These results suggest that ELISA may be used for the diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis and in differentiating it from other nontuberculous abdominal diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The prognostic significance of ploidy analysis in operable breast cancer.

The nuclear DNA content of 98 operable breast cancers was determined by flow cytometric analysis using paraffin-embedded tissue. All patients were on follow-up and failure of treatment or recurrences were identified. DNA ploidy data in the form of ploidy status and DNA index (DI) has been correlated with various clinical and histopathologic factors. The only significant correlation using univariate analysis exists between the histologic grade and DI (P less than 0.025), recurrence of the disease and ploidy status (P less than 0.005), and recurrence of the disease and DI (P less than 0.005). The absence of correlation of ploidy status with other tumor derived factors indicates the independent nature of ploidy as a prognostic factor. Multivariate analysis showed that in the whole-group ploidy (P less than 0.01), tumor margin (P less than 0.01), and menopausal status (P less than 0.01) were significant factors in the order mentioned. DI with a cut of at 1.29 is not found to be a significant factor in the multivariate analysis. The maximum prognostic value of ploidy status was observed in the postmenopausal group (P less than 0.0005). In the node-negative group ploidy status (P less than 0.05) is the only independent significant factor predicting for early relapse. It is concluded that ploidy status is an independent prognostic factor predicting for recurrence of the disease. In the node-negative subgroup this could be used to identify the subset of patients who may benefit from adjuvant treatment.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Primary breast lymphoma.

Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a rare tumor of the breast. Three cases of PBL are being described. All three cases achieved remission following biopsy, chemotherapy, and/or radiotherapy. The literature is extensively reviewed with emphasis on true incidence of PBL and survival rates.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil (CAF) or cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) in 69 cases of locally advanced (stage IIIb) breast cancer.

Sixty nine patients with a median age of 45 years, 62.3 per cent of whom were premenopausal, with locally advanced breast cancer (T 4, N 0-3, M 0; Stage IIIb) were treated with 3 cycles of either neoadjuvant cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil, being the CAF group: 36 patients, or cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil, being the CMF group: 33 patients. Patients achieving complete response or with residual disease of less than 2 cm in diameter received radical radiotherapy while those with more residual disease underwent radical mastectomy. Nine cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy were administered. Complete responses and disease control by radiotherapy with complete breast preservation were more frequently observed after CAF than CMF, being 25 per cent vs 3 per cent (p = 0.025) and 48.5 per cent vs 12 per cent (p = 0.002), respectively. Overall response rates, adverse effects, disease control following radiotherapy/surgery, local relapses and metastases were similar for both regimes. Relapsing patients were young, with a median age of 38 years, 68.4 per cent of relapses occurred at metastatic sites and 42 per cent of relapses occurred during adjuvant chemotherapy. This study suggests that in locally advanced breast cancer, a greater proportion of patients can be rendered disease free after neoadjuvant CAF and radiotherapy compared to neoadjuvant CMF and radiotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1991

Case report: bilateral massive internal jugular vein thrombosis in carcinoma of the thyroid: CT evaluation.

Superior vena cava syndrome, an uncommon manifestation of carcinoma of the thyroid, is usually due to retrosternal extension of the growth. Rarely, however, there may be direct tumour extension into the great veins of the neck, which may cause sudden death. Only eight such cases have been reported in the English literature. The case reported by us is the first to be documented by computed tomography. Patients with carcinoma of the thyroid with the superior vena cava syndrome should undergo computed tomography to differentiate external compression due to goitre from intraluminal tumour.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Spontaneous gallbladder perforation--an unusual presentation of carcinoma of the pancreas.

A 50 year old man with a two month history of upper abdominal pain and a one month history of anorexia and weight loss, presented with icterus and evidence of peritonitis. Laparotomy revealed biliary peritonitis which had been caused by a rupture of the fundus of the gallbladder. The common bile duct was dilated and there was a large growth in the head of the pancreas with multiple hepatic metastases. A cholecystojejunostomy and gastrojejunostomy were done and the patient had an uneventful recovery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of recurrent desmoid tumour with tamoxifen.

A 30 year old woman with aggressive fibromatosis (desmoid) of the left upper arm and scapular region was treated with wide excision. Two years later she presented with extensive local recurrence of the scapular and deltoid regions. She was treated with tamoxifen (20 mg daily) and, over the next 6 months, the tumour regressed. She has been recurrence-free for the past year. We suggest that, in patients with desmoid tumours, hormone receptor determination and hormone therapy be attempted before subjecting patients to any form of radical treatment with surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Intravenous phenobarbital therapy in barbiturate and other hypnosedative withdrawal reactions: a kinetic approach.

Phenobarbital (0.03 to 0.04 mg/kg/min) was infused intravenously in 7 patients with clinical hypnosedative withdrawal reaction until patients slept but were arousable. The infusion time to reach this clinical end point was 7.8 +/- 1.1 hr (mean +/- SEM), the total dose was 992 +/- 144 mg, and the peak serum phenobarbital concentration was 26.1 +/- 5.1 micrograms/ml. A user of minimal hypnosedatives required 54% less phenobarbital and 65% lower concentration than any of the abusers to reach an equivalent state of intoxication. The mean serum half-life (t 1/2) was 57.5 +/- 4.9 hr for hypnosedative abusers and 86 +/- 3 hr for 8 normal volunteers (p less than 0.001). Only the patient with the shortest t 1/2 (36.4 hr) required oral phenobarbital supplements to prevent withdrawal symptoms. Dosage supplements required can be calculated from the postinfusion rate of fall of serum phenobarbital. Slow infusion of large amounts of phenobarbital provides a safe, efficacious single-dose treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Massive rectal bleeding due to intestinal tuberculosis.

Two cases of massive rectal bleeding due to tuberculosis of the intestine are described and 24 reported cases of massive rectal bleeding in intestinal tuberculosis are reviewed. Tuberculosis of the intestine, though uncommon should be considered as a cause for rectal bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Does a barbiturate drug given in lethal dose enter the cornea?

We wished to see whether sodium phenobarbital (one of the commonest drugs used to commit suicide) given in a lethal dose would enter the cornea. Guinea pigs and rabbits were killed with an overdose of the drug. Using gas chromatography we were able to detect the drug not only in the vascular ocular tissues and the intraocular fluids but also in the avascular tissues such as the cornea.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Invasive primary mucinous carcinoma of the skin.

An unusual case of primary mucinous carcinoma of the skin has been reported. The tumor progressed very rapidly and recurred twice within a short period after adequate local excision. It had wide spread lymph node metastases and a fatal ending. The characteristic clinical and histologic differentiation from sweat gland carcinoma has been discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗