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Biomedical subjects

B M Levy

Publications and source records attributed to B M Levy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Comparison of the plaque microflora in immunodeficient and immunocompetent dental patients.

The nature and extent of the immune dysfunctions in 20 immunodeficient patients, as well as the immunocompetence of 22 control subjects, were verified by cell-mediated responsiveness and immunoglobulin quantitations. Comparisons of the microbial composition of supragingival plaque between the two populations showed that a greater number of immunodeficient than control subjects harbored Candida sp. and Staphylococcus sp. Conversely, a lower number of immunodeficient than control subjects harbored Streptococcus mutans. Also, patients with immune dysfunctions had a lower dental caries experience than their immunocompetent counterparts.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1979

Indoor-outdoor housing systems for a self-sustaining marmoset breeding colony.

Indoor-outdoor housing of three types was designed, constructed, used and evaluated for housing a breeding colony of common (Callithrix jacchus) and cottontop (Saguinus oedipus) marmosets. All types were relatively inexpensive to construct, required minimal care, simulated a natural environment and allowed for some isolation between units and between individual runs within units.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Pulpal and periodontal effects of electrosurgery involving cervical metallic restorations.

The pulpal and periodontal effects of electrosurgery involving teeth restored with Class V cervical amalgams and nonrestored teeth were evaluated in three cynomolgus monkeys. Electrosurgical current was delivered for 1 second with a fully rectified unit at an output intensity consistent with normal clinical usage. Experimental conditions included electrosurgery involving restored teeth, electrosurgery involving unrestored enamel, restored teeth not subjected to electrosurgery, and teeth which were neither restored nor subjected to electrosurgery. No pulpal or periodontal tissue changes were observed in the latter three groups of teeth. Electrosurgery involving cervical restorations consistently resulted in coagulation necrosis of the pulp and extensive resorption of cementum, dentin, and interradicular bone in the furcation area of multirooted teeth. The results suggest that inadvertent contact with cervical restorations during electrosurgical procedures may endanger both the pulp and the periodontal attachment apparatus.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

IgG subclasses in human periodontal disease. II. Cytophilic and membrane IgG subclass immunoglobulins.

Lymphocyte membrane-associated IgG subclass antibodies in human periodontal disease were studied to ascertain the relative presence of cytophilic IgG antibodies and the membrane Fc receptors which bind them. The experimental approach correlated the effect of incubating gingiva in tissue culture medium to remove cytophilic antibodies with the changes in the number of Fc receptors detectable after washing. The evidence indicated that the majority of lymphocytes in mild gingivitis lesions lacked cytophilic IgG antibodies as well as Fc recetors. In severe gingivitis, the number of IgG subclass bearing lymphocytes increased to about half of the total lymphoid population, while the percentage of Fc receptor bearing cells remained quite low (12.3 % +/- 3.2, S.E.). The majority of IgG subclass bearing lymphocytes had membrane IgG which serve as receptors for antigen; such cells are classically defined as bone marrow (B) derived lymphocytes and serve as the progenitor for plasma cells. Gingival specimens for patients with periodontitis were found to contain the highest percentage of Fc receptor bearing lymphocytes (38.3% +/- 12.6 S.E.) and cytophilic IgG antibodies. The findings indicate that the clinical stages of human periodontal disease are characterized by different populations of infiltrating lymphocytes.

Gingiva↗
PubMed1978

Diet-induced arteriopathies in the rabbit aorta and oral vasculature.

Advanced atherosclerosis in the form of fibro-fatty intimal plaques has been produced in the rabbit aorta and oral vasculature (labial, lingual, gingival, palatal, periodontal and alveolar arteries) by dietary means. The animals were fed a hypercholesteremic diet and a normocholesteremic diet on alternate months for two years. In the aorta and in many of the oral vessels, the formation of the intimal atheromas was paralleled by a degeneration of the tunica media. The lingual arteries rivaled the aorta and coronary arteries in vulnerability to the diet-induced arteriopathies.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Studies with the baboon endogenous virus and its pseudotype of murine sarcoma virus in marmosets.

Three marmoset species (Saguinus oedipus oedipus, S. fuscicollis, Callithrix jacchus) failed to show evidence of infection or disease following inoculation of baboon endogenous type-C virus (BaEV). Cells infected with a Kirsten murine sarcoma-BaEV pseudotype (MSV[BaEV]) produced a progressive fibrosarcoma in S. o. oedipus and tumors in S. fuscicollis and C. jacchus which regressed. Tumor formation is believed to be due to growth of inoculated, virus-infected cells and not transformation of marmoset cells. S. o. oedipus showed the best serum neutralizing antibody response to BaEV and MSV(BaEV), S. fuscicollis a moderate response and C. jacchus no response.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Characteristics of cell lines established from Epstein-Barr virus induced marmoset tumors.

The inoculation of a cotton-topped marmoset with B95-8 strain of EBV resulted in the induction of a multifocal lymphoma and lymphoblastoid cell lines were established from liver, spleen and mesenteric lymph node tumors. The cell lines were remarkably similar to each other with respect to the presence of EBV and its expression, the surface properties of the cells and their stability, and the functional products of the cells. Karyotypic examination of the cell lines revealed the common loss of a single chromosome. The slight differences noted in karyotypes suggest some divergence from a tumor stem cell and imply a clonal origin. Thus, EBV-induced lymphomas in cotton-topped marmosets resemble Burkitt's lymphoma in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Pathogenesis of adjuvant-induced destructive periodontitis in marmosets.

The histologic reaction of the marmoset periodontium to a single intragingival injection of CFA was followed sequentially over a 2-week period. The earliest lesions were nonspecific and similar to IFA-induced responses. After 4 days the CFA-produced lesions were markedly destructive of periodontal bone, whereas the IFA reaction was not, indicating that the alveolar bone destruction that stemmed form the CFA injection may have been immunologically mediated.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The intraosseous orientation of the alveolar component of marmoset alveolodental fibers.

Sections of the jaws from marmosets of all ages were impregnated with silver nitrate to demonstrate the intrabony course of the alveolar fibers of the periodontal ligament. As the interseptal bone undergoes a period of resorption and apposition, the intrabony alveolar fibers also are lost and reformed. Age changes were noted in the insertion depth of the alveolar fibers. A continuum of fibers traversing the alveolar septum could not be determined.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Occurrence and distribution of interdental gingival clefts following orthodontic movement into bicuspid extraction sites.

Forty patients in active retention following orthodontic tooth movement into premolar extraction sites were examined for the occurrence and distribution of interdental gingival clefts, defined as an invagination of interproximal tissue with definite mesial and distal peaks having a depth of at least 1 mm. Fourteen of the forty orthodontic patients demonstrated clefts in one or more of the premolar extraction sites. No clefts were observed in premolar areas of orthodontic patients who did not require premolar extraction or in patients without previous orthodontic treatment. Interdental clefts occurred most frequently at the buccal aspect of mandibular first premolar extraction sites. The presence of the cleft appears to have clinical implications, both in terms of orthodontic relapse, and maintenance of gingival health.

Adolescent↗