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Biomedical subjects

B M Lomaestro

Publications and source records attributed to B M Lomaestro.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effect of staggered dose of calcium on the bioavailability of ciprofloxacin.

The effect on ciprofloxacin's bioavailability (F) of calcium carbonate given 2 h before ciprofloxacin administration in 12 male volunteers was studied. The relative F with calcium was 0.98, maximum concentration of drug in serum increased significantly from 1.98 to 2.42 mg/liter (P = 0.039), and time to maximum concentration of drug in serum decreased from 1.82 to 1.26 h (P = 0.038). Thus, a single calcium carbonate dose, administered 2 h before ciprofloxacin, does not alter the F of this quinolone.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Quinolone-cation interactions: a review.

The quinolone class of antibiotics is enjoying a recent resurgence in interest and use due to the development of improved compounds. Norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and, most recently, ofloxacin have been marketed. Enoxacin and other agents are in various stages of investigation. These newer compounds are often used for indications not successfully treated by the original quinolones, or in some cases, not optimally treated with any previously available oral antibiotic. A potential problem with the increasing use of quinolone-type antibiotics for systemic illness is the chelation and inactivation of these compounds by several cations. One outcome of these potential interactions is a possible reduction in bioavailability and effectiveness of quinolone compounds. A review of the literature on quinolone-cation interactions, in vivo and in vitro significance, and recommendations to avoid potential problems are provided.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1989

Streamlining antimicrobial therapy through pharmacists' review of order sheets.

The impact of a pharmacy-conducted intervention program designed to contain costs by "streamlining" antimicrobial therapy is described. Streamlining of antimicrobial therapy may involve simplifying routes of administration, decreasing the dose or frequency of antimicrobial administration, or converting from multiple-agent therapy to single-agent therapy. Beginning on December 1, 1987, pharmacists at this university-affiliated teaching hospital used the antimicrobial order sheet (AOS) filled out by all prescribers of anti-infective agents to identify orders that were potential candidates for streamlining. Interventions involved a discussion between the pharmacist and prescriber in which the pharmacist specified the reasoning behind the recommended change. For each recommendation that was accepted by the prescriber, the cost savings per day was determined by subtracting the daily cost of the recommended streamlined therapy from the daily cost of the original "problem" therapy. Data collection continued until May 1, 1988. During that five-month period, 162 out of 173 pharmacist-initiated streamlining recommendations were accepted by prescribers, resulting in a total cost savings of $19,864. The average cost savings per intervention was $122.62. The most frequent intervention involved decreasing the frequency of i.v. administration, decreasing the dose, or both. The intervention that resulted in the greatest average cost savings involved simplifying the route of administration or discontinuing antimicrobial therapy entirely. The projected annual cost savings of this program is $47,700. By using information from AOSs to identify problem antimicrobial orders, pharmacists were able to recommend streamlining of antimicrobial therapies that resulted in an average cost savings of about $122 per intervention.

Anti-Infective Agents↗