PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B M Maliev

Publications and source records attributed to B M Maliev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Characterization of protection mechanisms in patients with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis].

Examining the performance of the local protective system has indicated that patients with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in the presence of the higher count of cytotoxic lymphocytes had the diminished activation of lymphoid elements of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and decreased alveolar macrophageal production of active oxygen forms. However, there was a drastically increased formation of active oxygen forms in the BAL macrophagues during mycobacterial phagocytosis, which may result to their death. At the same time, the decreased production of gamma-interferon in the BAL cells was found in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (8.0 +/- 3.0 U/ml versus 10.7 +/- 2.0 U/ml). In such patients, the generation of alpha-interferon was 105.0 +/- 38.0 U/ml versus 187.0 +/- 72 U/ml in patients with tuberculosis caused by drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis, the lower production of alpha- and gamma-interferons in the BAL cells leads to their decreased regulatory effect on the mechanisms of local defense of the lung. The drastically enhanced production of active oxygen forms, which has been ascertained in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis, is able to result in the death of macrophages, the release of lysing enzymes into the tissues surrounding the lung; the higher count of T cytotoxic lymphocytes, the lower levels of cells in apoptosis, and mycobacterial resistance to antibacterial drugs deteriorate the course of pulmonary tuberculosis in this category of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Cavinton prevention of neurosensory hypoacousis in patients with different forms of tuberculosis].

According to pharmacological studies, cavinton has an effect on the end links of aminoglycosides interaction with elements of the internal ear. Basing on this property, cavinton was used as prophylaxis of neurosensory hypoacusis in 118 patients aged 17 to 63 years suffering from tuberculosis. The results of the studies have shown than cavinton not only prevents hypoacusis in patients with normal hearing but also improves it in patients with hearing problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Mental evaluation of new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in different treatment settings].

New one hundred and five cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were examined to evaluate the mental status in different treatment settings: a day hospital, a polyclinic, and a hospital. The Aizenok questionnaire. Shihan's test, and a clinical and symptomatological questionnaire and interviews with patients were used for psychological studies. In the day hospital and polyclinic, therapy improved the mental status of the patients at discharge. They showed their adequate attitude towards their disease, felt well and had great visas for their future social and familial life. They all were eager to resume their former work, attempted to preserve their social and working status and 16 (72.7%) patients treated at the day hospital and 18 (75%) outpatients continued working.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Laser technologies in treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with concurrent abnormality].

Low-intensive laser radiation used by topical, intravenous, and transendoscopic routes was employed in the complex antituberculosis therapy of 120 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis concurrent with chronic nonspecific respiratory diseases (n = 48), diabetes mellitus (n = 20 patients), gastrointestinal diseases (n = 45). The results of treatment were compared with the parameters of 62 patients with the similar clinical and X-ray characteristics of a tuberculosis process and concomitant diseases. It was ascertained that laser therapy might enhance the efficiency of treatment of patients with concurrent abnormality statistically significantly, by reducing the time of bacterial isolation, closure of decay cavities in the lung tissue, hospital treatment and by accelerating the onset of stable remission of concomitant diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Effects of low-intensity laser irradiation on hormonal responsiveness of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

To examine the impact of low-intensive laser radiation (LILR) on endocrine function in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the time course of blood levels of thyroid hormones, cortisol, and insulin was studied in 117 patients of whom 64 received complex treatment by using LILR. Pulmonary tuberculosis was ascertained to be characterized by a marked hormonal imbalance, including impaired metabolism of thyroid hormones, hypercorticism, altered pancreatic incretion, which negatively affects the efficiency of antituberculosis therapy. Intravenous and epicutaneous therapy promotes recovery of endocrine responsiveness and enhances the efficiency of treatment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1992

[Possibilities of intravenous use of helium-neon laser in the treatment of experimental tuberculosis of animals].

The study presents experimental finding of 40 mongrel dogs whose intravascular blood was irradiated with laser as a supplement to the multimodality treatment of respiratory tuberculosis. Earlier disappearance of intoxication symptoms and reduced terms of destruction cavity decrease and closure, as roentgenologically evidenced, was achieved. The influence of this treatment on certain lipid peroxidation parameters, hemocoagulation, immunity status and bacteriostatic blood activity were found. There were no side effects during treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Dynamics of the indices of the immune system as affected by endobronchial laser therapy in patients with complicated tuberculosis of the lungs].

The results of study of the local and humoral immune defense during endobronchial laser therapy of nonspecific endobronchitis in patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis are presented. Laser therapy proved to have no negative action on the humoral immunity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients during treatment of catarrhal and purulent endobronchitis, while a marked increase in IgM levels, thus rapidly reacting and well opsonizing antibodies can be regarded as a positive or stimulating the impact on the whole immune system. Endobronchial laser therapy for catarrhal and especially purulent inflammatory bronchial process in the multimodality treatment of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis normalized parameters of the local immune system, especially that of locally secreted immunoglobulins, i.e. helium-neon laser radiation has a favourable influence on local immune defense, which is essential in increasing the efficacy of therapy of this category of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Endobronchial laser therapy of post-tuberculosis bronchial fibrous stenosis].

The results of endobronchial treatment of 9 patients with post-tuberculous fibrous stenoses of large bronchi by using neodymium-YAG laser are presented. After recanalization of fibrous stenoses the patients were given antioxidants (7.5% sodium thiosulfate solution, 0.5 ml, as endobronchial infusions in combination with oral or intramuscular alpha-tocopherol, 600 mg, for a month) in combination with endobronchial phototherapy with helium-neon laser radiation. This therapy improved the patients' general condition, pulmonary functional parameters, normalized lipid peroxidation and enhanced epithelial regeneration in the bronchial mucosa, thus providing a steady-state dilatation of the airways lumen by more than twice than that in stenosis.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1991

[The action of helium-neon laser radiation on the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis].

The growth properties of M. tuberculosis subjected to the action of helium-neon laser radiation was studied. Laser radiation was shown to change the quantitative and qualitative composition of mycobacterial population. Disturbances in the viability of mycobacteria appear as a consequence of changes in the morphological structure of mycobacterial cells. The maximum effect of helium-neon laser radiation was achieved after the irradiation of M. tuberculosis culture on days 2-3 after inoculation. These results made it possible to suggest that the effect of helium-neon laser radiation was most pronounced in cells at the stage of mitosis (the logarithmic stage of growth) with the highest degree of metabolism.

Colony Count, Microbial↗
PubMed1991

[Helium-neon laser in the complex treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

The paper gives the results of helium-neon laser irradiation of the endobronchus used in the combined treatment of 30 patients with newly-diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by nonspecific endobronchitis. Inclusion of endobronchial phototherapy and helium-neon laser radiation in the complex treatment of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by nonspecific endobronchitis makes it possible to achieve clinical cure of an inflammatory bronchial process by 35% more frequently and over 2-3 times more rapidly than in its absence and to increase treatment efficiency of the main process; the terms of bacillary excretion decrease by 1 month, on the average, closure of destruction cavities (with an increase in the parameter by 17%) by 1.2 months and hospital treatment by 1.2 months, as compared with the respective parameters obtained by the traditional treatment of the similar patients.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Dynamics of morphological changes in the epithelial layer of the respiratory tract after endobronchial treatment of suppurative endobronchitis by helium-neon laser irradiation (experimental study)].

The results of a dynamic examination with the use of an electron microscope of semi- and ultrathin sections of the epithelial lining of the respiratory tract in the experimental dogs under endobronchial treatment of nonspecific endobronchitis with varying doses of low-energy radiation from helium-neon laser are presented. It was proved that the outcomes of regeneration of the bronchial mucosal membrane epithelium under endobronchial treatment of purulent endobronchitis with low-energy radiation of the helium-neon laser much depend both on exposure time (single doses of energy), and multiplicity (cumulative dose of energy), and the period after the laser therapy. The most favourable regeneration takes place under 5-minute (single dose of 4.5 J) radiation with 8 to 9 sessions (cumulative dose of 23.1 +/- 1.5 J). A regeneration most close to the normal condition of the bronchial mucous membrane epithelium is achieved at 2.5-3d months after the onset of the experiment (or a month after the laser therapy).

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of low-energy helium-neon laser on the biological properties of Mycobacterium tuberculosis].

The results of experimental studies of M. tuberculosis biological properties tested in guinea pigs which were subjected to different doses of helium-neon laser radiation are given. The functional evidence is compared with the results of electron microscopic study of the irradiated culture. The investigation revealed that laser radiation caused changes in biological properties of M. tuberculosis. A decrease in growth properties and virulence was found to be related to a radiation dose. It is suggested that a drop in the biological activity of M. tuberculosis under laser radiation be associated with its influence on the Mycobacterium lipid layer which contains a cord-factor and responsible for their virulence.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of nonspecific endobronchitis with low-intensity laser irradiation (experimental study)].

Results of endobronchial treatment of experimental purulent endobronchitis (PE) in dogs with low intensity He-Ne laser are presented. The endobronchial use of the laser energy in treatment of PE was shown expedient and valid. Comparison of the visual endoscopic picture with the findings of the histochemical and electron microscopic examination of the bronchial mucosa bioptates in the time course of the treatment provided establishment of the optimal regimen for the treatment of nonspecific PE with He-Ne laser.

Animals↗