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Biomedical subjects

B Mårtensson

Publications and source records attributed to B Mårtensson.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effects of antidepressant treatments on platelet tritiated imipramine binding in major depressive disorder.

The effects of four antidepressant treatments on platelet tritiated imipramine binding have been studied in 51 hospitalized patients with severe major depressive disorder. There was an increase in maximum binding (Bmax) during the first week of treatment with antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy, which was further magnified after three weeks' treatment with the serotonin uptake blockers alaproclate and zimeldine hydrochloride, but the Bmax values returned to baseline levels with nortriptyline hydrochloride and electroconvulsive therapy. The equilibrium dissociation affinity constant (Kd) did not change with any of the treatments. On reexamination one or two years after admission to the study, Bmax had not reached control values in clinically recovered, drug-free patients. Low pretreatment Bmax was associated with delusions during illness and with a poor long-term clinical outcome. There was no correlation between binding parameters and monoamine metabolite concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid, either before or during treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Therapeutic effects of serotonin uptake inhibitors in depression.

Depression has been associated with a disturbance in serotonin function as reflected in platelet uptake of the transmitter as well as in CSF levels of its major metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA). CSF 5-HIAA levels are subnormal in approximately 30% of melancholia patients. Early studies suggested that patients with a disturbed serotonin metabolism were less responsive to treatment with uptake inhibitors with a preferential action on noradrenaline neurons. Such findings encouraged the search for compounds with a selective effect on serotonin neurons. Although some classical antidepressants are potent inhibitors of serotonin uptake, they are not selective, since their metabolites, which appear to have antidepressant effects, inhibit noradrenaline uptake. The consistent findings of an increased risk for suicide in patients with low CSF 5-HIAA underlines the importance of exploring drugs that act on serotonin transmission. The biochemical effects of some serotonin uptake inhibitors and their clinical and research potential in depression are reviewed.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1985

Lower 3H-imipramine binding in platelets from untreated depressed patients compared to healthy controls.

3H-Imipramine binding in platelets was measured in 63 severely depressed hospitalized patients, who had been drug free (with the exception of moderate doses of benzodiazepines) for at least 1 month, and in 53 healthy control subjects of comparable age and sex distribution. Bmax of 3H-imipramine binding was significantly lower in the depressed subjects (1012 +/- SD 295 vs. 1123 +/- SD 178 fmole/mg protein). Depressed patients who had attempted suicide by violent means tended to have higher Bmax than nonviolent attempters.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

CSF monoamine metabolites in melancholia.

The neurotransmitter metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl glycol (HMPG) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured by mass fragmentography in 83 patients with melancholia (diagnosed by the Newcastle Inventory and the Research Diagnostic Criteria), and 66 healthy volunteer controls. After adjustment by analysis of covariance for differences between the subject groups in body height, age and sex distribution, significantly (P less than 0.001) lower concentrations of 5-HIAA and HVA were found in the melancholia patients than in the controls. HMPG did not differ between the groups. The differences could not be accounted for by differences in timing or examination techniques, and not by previously administered drugs (all patients were drug-free at the examination, but a minority had taken small amounts of psychotropic drugs prior to the wash-out period). The differences persisted after excluding the suicidal patients. There were no clear-cut differences between unipolar and bipolar patients. It is suggested that the reduced concentrations of 5-HIAA and HVA in the melancholic patients may be due to altered serotonin and/or dopamine functions in the central nervous system, which may be connected with an increased vulnerability to certain types of affective illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Preoperative irradiation of malignant melanoma. A multifactorial statistical analysis of survival.

This retrospective investigation concerns 212 cases of malignant melanoma from the period 1965 to 1979. Before operation 53 cases were given radiation therapy. The aim of the study was to assess whether this treatment had any influence on survival. Clinical follow-up and revision of the histologic material has been done. The tumours were classified according to CLARK et coll. (3) and divided into thickness groups (2). Statistical analysis by COX's regression model (4) indicated that survival was dependent on tumour thickness (significance level 1%) and preoperative irradiation (significance level 5%). No influence from tumour location was noted. A prospective randomized study is proposed in order to analyse the effect of preoperative irradiation.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1982

Tooth position measurements on dental casts using holographic images.

A new accurate method for comparing tooth positions on dental casts at different stages is described. Holograms of casts were prepared with a helium-neon gas laser. For evaluation of tooth movements, a cast and hologram representing different time points were superimposed by means of an adjustable x-y stage. Occlusal surface detail was used as a reference for the superimposition. Positional changes of the upper incisors were detected as discrepancies between the cast and the hologram image.

Adult↗