Biomedical subjects

B Míková

Publications and source records attributed to B Míková.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Our first experience with CT enteroclysis].

BACKGROUND: Small intestine belongs to abdominal organs which are difficult to imagine. Methods of examination have therefore continuously improved in order to get better picture of the intestine. METHODS AND RESULTS: CT enteroclysis represents a modern method of the small intestine imagining which combines classical enteroclysis with spiral abdominal CT. Small intestine is filled with negative contrast material applied by an enteric tube. The negative contrast material optimises visualisation of the intestinal wall, namely after the enhancement using iodine intravenous contrast. Within 23 months we examined 33 patients with gastroenterological indication using CT enteroclysis. In 31 cases results were technically satisfactory, small intestine was well filled by the negative contrast material and sufficiently distended. According to clinical indications patients were classified into four groups. Group A: 10 patients with problematic indications. No pathological changes were found in this group. Group B: 8 patients suspected of Crohn's disease. Only two cases were negative in this group. In 6 cases signs of inflammation in the small or large intestine were found. Group C: 6 patients after the surgical treatment of Crohn's disease, suspected of the recurrence. All patients had signs of the recurrence. Group D: 7 patients with various clinical diagnoses. Examination was in 2 cases negative, in other 5 cases some pathological changes of the intestine were found: Icase of malabsorption, 3 cases of adhesion and hernia, 1 case of intestinal inflammation with covered perforation and inter-intestinal abscess. CONCLUSIONS: CT enteroclysis was confirmed to be effective method for high quality imaging of the small intestine with associated tissues and the whole abdominal cavity. However, it is a method with represent irradiation, stress of intravenous administration of the contrast material and the discomfort related to enteric tube. Examination should not be indicated in cases of the problematic diagnosis only. However, in cases of correct indication signs of pathology were frequently confirmed.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A during hemodialysis with polyamide and diacetate cellulosic membranes.

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) is a new prognostic factor of acute coronary syndrome in the general population. It is elevated in hemodialysis (HD) patients and at baseline, it was shown to be related to inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship of PAPP-A and oxidative stress and inflammatory markers to HD treatment. Studied parameters were determined in 10 chronic HD patients treated with low flux polyamide (1st session) and diacetate cellulosic membranes (2nd session) at the beginning, after 15 minutes and at the end of the dialysis session. TRACE method (Time Resolved Amplified Cryptate Emission) was used for PAPP-A assessment. Results were evaluated with ANOVA. PAPP-A levels did not depend on the type of HD membrane but changed significantly with the time of the HD session. They increased significantly from the beginning of HD to 15 min and then decreased to the end of the HD session - p<0.05 15 min of HD vs start, p<0.01 end vs start, p<0.0001 end vs 15 min of HD for polyamide membrane and p=0.05 15 min of HD vs start, p<0.01 end vs start, p<0.0001 end vs 15 min of HD for diacetate cellulosic membrane. Changes in other parameters and differences between membranes were only minimal. We can conclude that PAPP-A as a marker of cardiovascular damage shows significant changes during the HD session. Its initial increase might be ascribed to its release from complexes or storage. During dialysis, it might be destroyed or cleaved and removed as free fragments. Its levels both before and after the HD session are higher than in healthy subjects.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Y-chromosome transfer induces changes in blood pressure and blood lipids in SHR.

Previous studies with chromosome-Y consomic strains of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats suggest that a quantitative trait locus for blood pressure regulation exists on chromosome Y. To test this hypothesis in the SHR-Brown Norway (BN) model and to study the effects of chromosome Y on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, we produced a new consomic strain of SHR carrying the Y chromosome transferred from the BN rat. We found that replacing the SHR Y chromosome with the BN Y chromosome resulted in significant decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the SHR.BN-Y consomic strain (P<0.05). To elicit possible dietary-induced variation in lipid and glucose metabolism between the SHR progenitor and chromosome-Y consomic strains, we fed rats a high-fructose diet for 15 days in addition to the normal diet. On the high-fructose diet, the SHR.BN-Y consomic rats exhibited significantly increased levels of serum triglycerides and decreased levels of serum HDL cholesterol versus the SHR progenitor rats. Glucose tolerance and insulin/glucose ratios, however, were similar in both strains on both normal and high-fructose diets. These findings provide direct evidence that a gene or genes on chromosome Y contribute to the pathogenesis of spontaneous hypertension in the SHR-BN model. These results also indicate that transfer of the Y chromosome from the BN rat onto the SHR background exacerbates dietary-induced dyslipidemia in SHR. Thus, genetic variation in genes on the Y chromosome may contribute to variation in blood pressure and lipid levels and may influence the risk for cardiovascular disease.

Animals↗