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Biomedical subjects

B Mark

Publications and source records attributed to B Mark.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Lipoxygenase inhibitor FLM 5011, an effective protectant of myocardial microvessels against ischemia-reperfusion injury? An ultrastructural-morphometric study.

The lipoxygenase inhibitor FLM 5011 was used for protection of the coronary microcirculation against ischemia/ reperfusion injury after ligation of the left coronary artery in dogs. Epimyocardial biopsies from ischemic and non-ischemic areas of protected and unprotected areas taken before and after ischemia of 90 min duration and after 180 min reperfusion were analysed by means of electron microscopic morphometry. The ischemic injury consisted in endothelial swelling, luminal blebbing, and formation of irregular protrusions, partly occurrence of pericapillary edema and cellular debris. Plasmalemmal vesicles seemed to decrease in frequency, mitochondria showed focal or generalized degeneration of cristae and matrix. Reperfusion partly deteriorated the damage, partly restoration of ultrastructural parameters was to be observed. There were no significant differences between the infarcted and not infarcted areas. FLM 5011 treatment reduced the endothelial edema, blebbing and occurrence of pericapillary debris and stabilized the number of vesicles. The protection of the mitochondrial cristae and matrix was statistically significant. The results indicate that FLM 5011, under the condition of the experiment, effectively protects the ultrastructure of essential endothelial structures of myocardial microcirculation, explained by the blocking of the noxious leucotrienes and peptidoleucotrienes liberated by the 5-lipoxygenase pathway of the free arachidonic acid and by scavenging of oxygen free radicals. The results must be confirmed by further experiments including biochemical and functional parameters.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The Taskforce 2000 survey on medical education in sleep and sleep disorders.

Previous research has shown evidence of a widening gap between scientific research and clinical teaching in sleep and sleep disorders. To address the deficiencies in current medical education in sleep, the Taskforce 2000 was established by the American Sleep Disorders Association. The present study was undertaken to assess the teaching activities, needs and interests of the membership of the two largest professional sleep societies (American Sleep Disorders Association and Sleep Research Society). Survey instruments included a brief, 5-item postcard survey, which was mailed to all members, followed by an in-depth, 34-item questionnaire, which was completed by 158 respondents from the intitial postcard survey (N = 808). Results indicated that the majority of respondents (65.2%) are currently involved in teaching sleep to medical students or postgraduate trainees, although the average amount of teaching time was only 2.1 hours for undergraduate and 4.8 hours for graduate education in sleep. Teaching of sleep laboratory procedures and clinical evaluation of sleep-disordered patients is limited at either an undergraduate or postgraduate level. The major deficiencies noted were the lack of time in the medical curriculum and the need for better resources and teaching facilities. A large majority of respondents indicated their willingness to be involved in sleep education for physicians, and rated this a high priority for the professional organization.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1998

Assessment of accuracy and applicability of a new electronic peak flow meter and asthma monitor.

The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and applicability of a portable electronic peak flow meter combined with an asthma monitor (AM1, Jaeger, Germany) which measures peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). The technical accuracy in PEF, FEV1 and FVC measurement was tested according to American Thoracic Society (ATS) criteria for monitoring devices using a flow generator. In addition, the effect of connecting a heated screen pneumotachograph (PT) to the AM1 was determined and the accuracy in FEV1 determinations was evaluated by simultaneous measurements in 49 normal volunteers. The devices tested fulfilled all ATS criteria for monitoring devices with respect to the accuracy of PEF, FEV1, and FVC measurements. The conditions of intra- and interdevice variability were satisfied in all cases. Compared with the PT, the AM1 showed about 4% lower values in FEV1, as measured in the 49 subjects. In conclusion, the electronic peak flow meter and asthma monitor AM1 yielded valid measurements of peak expiratory flow and forced expiratory volume in one second, which matched the accuracy criteria of the American Thoracic Society standards for monitoring devices.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Technology and structure of nursing organizations.

Theory building and theory application in nursing administration enable the nurse executive to work more effectively at the managerial task. Alexander and Mark apply a model that allows for comparison and contrast between various nursing units based on the nature of their work as assessed on the variables of technology and structure. In this model, technology is assessed on three dimensions: instability, variability, and uncertainty; and structure is assessed as to vertical participation, horizontal participation, and formalization. Cases studies clarify the model and show its application.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1985

Task and structural correlates of organizational effectiveness in private psychiatric hospitals.

This exploration of the relationships between task and structural variables and two dimensions of organizational effectiveness in 76 private psychiatric hospitals revealed that high levels of centralization were associated with patient care effectiveness. High levels of centralization and formalization were associated with administrative effectiveness. An enhancing effect of organizational structure is suggested as contributing to organizational effectiveness.

Centralized Hospital Services↗
PubMed1980

[Multivariable EDV-program for light and electron microscopic morphometry].

A computer program for morphometry and stereology in which conventional morphometric and stereological data acquisition (direct linear measurement, point counting technique) is used and which is designed for variable application of conventional and electron microscopy is presented. There are several program variants and magnification stages each designed for a different structural level. There is fixed number of essential subcellular, cellular and extracellular structures for different kinds of tissue (myocardial, liver and connective tissue), but this number can be enlarged with each stage of magnification and for each measured parameter by reserving free places for evaluating additional structures. Thanks to the extended program and to the fact that these free places are interchangeable, the program can be used independently of the kind of tissue examined and of the kind of morphological information sought. The program structure is realized by means of a master control and 4 external subprograms. The statistical analysis of the morphometric stereological parameters is calculated by image, case by case or group by group. The mean values of the calculated primary and secondary parameters, the standard errors and the standard error/mean value ratio are printed out. All common stereological parameters and the essential cellular and extracellular structures of different kinds of tissue are described in quantitative terms with the aid of the program.

Computers↗
PubMed1979

The development of an internship program in psychiatric nursing.

As medicine and nursing have become increasingly specialized, the need for additional training for the graduate nurse has become more evident. One way in which nursing educators have dealth with this problem is through the establishment of general nursing internship programs. The authors review some of the historical background for the development of these programs and describe the establishment of an 8-week specialized nursing internship program in psychiatric nursing. They conclude with a brief evaluation of the program.

Adolescent↗