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Biomedical subjects

B Mejsholm

Publications and source records attributed to B Mejsholm.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Effect of a Suicide Prevention Centre for young people with suicidal behaviour in Copenhagen.

BACKGROUND: In the 1980s, suicide rates in Denmark were among the highest in the world. In 1992, a Suicide Prevention Centre was opened in Copenhagen with a 2-week programme of social and psychological treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the Suicide Prevention Centre. METHODS: In a quasi-experimental study, 362 patients in the Suicide Prevention Centre and a parallel comparison group of 39 patients were interviewed with European Parasuicide Study Interviewer Schedule I (EPSIS I), which is a comprehensive interview including several validated scales. All patients were invited to follow-up interviews with EPSIS II and followed in the National Patients Register and the Cause of Death Register. RESULTS: At the 1-year follow-up, 59% of patients in the intervention group and 53% of patients in the comparison groups were interviewed with EPSIS II. The intervention group obtained a significantly greater improvement in Beck's Depression Inventory, Hopelessness Scale, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale and CAGE-score and a significantly lower repetition rate. DISCUSSION: Although the design cannot exclude selection bias, it seems likely that the improvement in the intervention group was facilitated by the treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Carotid surgery, cognitive function, and cerebral blood flow in patients with transient ischemic attacks.

Psychological testing, cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement, and computed tomographic scan were performed before and 3 months after operation in 31 patients subjected to endarterectomy of the internal carotid artery (ICA) because of transient ischemic attacks and in 11 control patients operated on for atherosclerosis of the lower extremities. In preoperative psychological testing both carotid surgery patients and controls performed somewhat below the normal level for their age group. Postoperatively, cognitive functions improved in the carotid surgery group but not in the control group. The improvement was related to the laterality of the operation, being more marked in verbal tests in patients with left ICA operation and in visuospatial tests in patients with right ICA operation. Postoperatively regional CBF improved in 2 patients only. Hence the intellectual improvement could not be related to changes in CBF. Intellectual deterioration in patients with internal carotid atherosclerosis may be delayed or terminated by surgical abolition of the source of multiple cerebral embolizations.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Stereotyped responding by schizophrenic outpatients: cross-cultural confirmation of perseverative switching on a two-choice task.

Some theoretical implications from amphetamine-based models of psychosis were tested during a study of stereotyped responding by schizophrenic patients. Non-institutionalized Danish schizophrenic outpatients (N = 17) and their matched normal controls were asked to guess on which side (R or L) a cross (+) would appear on a computer screen. The sequence of cross positions was random. Multiple analyses of the patients' responses revealed a significantly greater number of single alterations (RLRL), while the matched controls displayed no such tendency. Controls showed instead, significantly more right side repetitions (RRRR) and more frequent double alterations (RRLL and LLRR). The patient response sequences were similar to those seen in an earlier study by Frith and Done (Psychol Med, 13, 779-786, 1983), but some control group differences emerged. Parallels are drawn between the development of perseverative response switching in schizophrenics and predictions derived from the Lyon-Robbins theory of amphetamine-induced stereotypy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Intellectual function in patients with transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) or minor stroke. Long-term improvement after carotid endarterectomy.

Psychological testing was performed in 25 patients (mean age 56 years) with transient ischaemic attacks and/or minor strokes and with angiographically verified internal carotid artery stenosis. The effects of carotid endarterectomy on intellectual functions were evaluated postoperatively at 2 weeks and 8 months respectively. Preoperatively the mean test values were below the normal level for all tests indicating a general intellectual impairment for the group as a whole. This may reflect multi-infarct dementia in statu nascendi. At the early postoperative test session some test results were statistically significantly worse than the preoperative. 8 months postoperatively the mean values for all tests had improved as compared with the preoperative values. This improvement reached a statistically significant level in 6 tests. When the side of operation was considered a pattern emerged: in the 12 patients with left-sided endarterectomies improvement was significant for tests mainly related to left-hemisphere function (Word Pairs Test, Story Recall, Trail Making B, Similarities) and in the 13 patients with right-sided endarterectomies significant improvement occurred in the functions mainly related to the right hemisphere (Visual Gestalts, Block Design, Digit Span backwards). This relationship between side of operation and improvement in lateralized functions cannot be explained by retest effects. It is concluded that TIA's and minor strokes per se may impair intellectual function, and that reversal of deterioration and even improved mental state may follow carotid endarterectomy.

Adult↗