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Biomedical subjects

B Millet

Publications and source records attributed to B Millet.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Differentiated perceptual evaluation of pathological voice quality: reliability and correlations with acoustic measurements.

The perceptual GRBAS scale for deviant voice quality (completed with a "I" parameter: Instability = fluctuation of voice quality over time) was tested in 5 different institutes on 943 voice patients. Each voice was evaluated separately by 2 professionals. The interrater correlation reaches 0.87 for G (grade), 0.70 for R (roughness), 0.69 for B (breathiness) and 0.65 for A/S (asthenicity/strain). Experience with the scale significantly improves the interrater agreement. The intrarater correlation (80 voices; time interval 2-6 months) is systematically slightly stronger than the interrater correlation. Further, GIRBAS/acoustical correlations were investigated on 80 pathological voices, by using the Multidimensional Voice Program (MDVP) of Kay. Principal component analysis allows reduction of 21 MDVP parameters to 5 clinically relevant aspects, with a typical acoustical measurement for each of them. The strongest correlations are found between G and Shimmer/Noise to harmonics ratio, R and Jitter, and B and Shimmer. As tremor and diplophonia are easily identified perceptually and acoustically, it seems useful to add this information respectively to AS and R. The GIRBAS scale seems to be a valuable instrument for clinical practice.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

High-resolution frequency analysis as applied to the singing voice.

We have applied high-resolution vocal frequent analysis to a population of singing voices. Two important elements have become apparent: (1) Confirmation that the singing formant originates in the resonators. This is observed especially on a low fundamental, and it is acquired through technical skill and experience. (2) Observation of the vibrato, which, isolated from the clinical study, regarding only its graphic presentation, could have been interpreted as 'abnormal'.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Objective study of the voice quality following partial laryngectomy].

The high resolution frequency analyzer is used for the study of the vocal quality after partial laryngectomy. The post-operative plot after speech therapy is of good quality when respecting one vocal fold. On the contrary, the heard vocal sound does not correspond to the harmonics of the fundamental frequency but to intense noise from irregular vibrations of the residual laryngeal mucosa (ventricular folds, arytenoids). High resolution frequency analysis contributes to the follow-up of the partial laryngectomy.

Glossectomy↗
PubMed1990

[Perennial rhinitis from food allergy].

Food allergy (AA) is involved in a third of subjects with perennial rhinitis (RPA). The majority of the patients are polysensitized. Isolated food allergy was only seen in 6 of 261 cases, which indicates an association of food allergy with other allergens, essentially pneumo-allergens. Immediate diagnosis of AA in RPA is difficult as it is essentially based on tests of elimination and re-introduction of the food, skin tests and RAST.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The radiographic appearances of infection and acute rejection of the lung after heart-lung transplantation.

Thirty-two patients underwent combined heart and lung transplantation at Papworth Hospital between 1984 and 1987. The clinical and physiologic observations made at the time of episodes of infection and rejection together with the histopathology of lung tissue obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy were compared with pre- and postepisode chest radiographs. There were 45 episodes of rejection in 20 patients: 23 episodes during the first month after transplantation, and 22 after 1 month. Twenty-six episodes of infection occurred in 15 patients. The causative organisms included Aspergillus fumigatus, cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex, Pneumocystis carinii, and Staphylococcus aureus. When an abnormal chest radiograph is common during the first month after transplantation during acute rejection (74%), it may alternatively be due to lung infection (most commonly CMV pneumonitis). The chest radiograph during this period provides a useful indication for transbronchial biopsy and bronchial lavage. The chest radiograph is abnormal in the minority (23%) of episodes of rejection occurring later than 1 month after transplantation. Pulmonary function tests (FEV1 and VC) offered a more useful indication for transbronchial biopsy during this period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The investigation of painless haematuria--a comparison of intravenous urography and DMSA scintigraphy.

In order to test in a prospective study the suggestion that there should be a shift from the intravenous urogram to DMSA scintigraphy for the diagnosis of suspected renal masses, both investigations were performed in 63 patients with painless haematuria. While the sensitivity of both investigations was similar in renal lesions, specificity was slightly less for scintigraphy. These findings, together with the intrinsic limitations of the DMSA scintigram in detecting lesions elsewhere in the urinary tract, lead us to conclude that the intravenous urogram should remain the initial investigation for painless haematuria unless there are specific contraindications.

Hematuria↗
PubMed1988

Early wrong-way response occurs in orthogravitropism of maize roots treated with lithium.

Application of lithium ions to tips of roots of Zea mays L. cv. Silver Queen shifts the direction of initial orthogravitropic curvature from downward to upward. The production of this putatively incidental perturbation of orthogravitropic bending kinetics by a pharmacological agent might provide insight into both ortho- and plagiogravitropism. Additionally, the protocol of the experiments bears on recent claims that mucilage external to the root cap plays an essential role in gravitropism. External mucilage was removed before roots were stimulated, yet they reached about 50 degrees gravitropic curvature in an hour.

Gravitropism↗
PubMed1988

An experimental analysis and comparison of three rhythms of movements in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).

Three types of rhythmic movements of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (pole beans) were examined collectively and their characteristics compared. Although the ultradian rhythms of shoot circumnutation and leaf movement, as well as the circadian rhythm of leaf movement, occurred simultaneously, each rhythm could be expressed independently of the other two. Shoot circumnutation and ultradian leaf movements displayed the same period (80 min at 25 degrees C and Q10 congruent to 2), while the period of the circadian leaf movements was not temperature dependent (Q10 congruent to 1). Interaction into the plant between two ultradian rhythms (shoot circumnutation and ultradian leaf movement) with the same period and coexistence in the pulvinus of an ultradian with a circadian rhythm are discussed.

Activity Cycles↗
PubMed1987

Comparing benzodiazepines using the staircase test in mice.

Eleven benzodiazepines were evaluated in the staircase test in mice. The behavioural parameters measured were the number of steps climbed and the number of rears during a 3-min test. Climbing and to a lesser extent rears were enhanced at low doses, whereas both parameters, particularly rearing, were reduced at higher doses. The differential effects of the drugs on the two parameters were used to determine indices of anxiolytic efficacy for each drug where increases in climbing were taken to indicate the onset of anxiolytic activity and decreases in rearing the onset of sedative activity. The compounds could be ranked according to these indices in a manner which appears to reflect their therapeutic profile in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Determination of the optimal dosage regimen of captopril + hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of moderate arterial hypertension.

A multicentre controlled trial was carried out to determine the optimal dosage of a 2/1 combination of captopril plus hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in mild hypertension at three doses against placebo in a 6 week double-blind trial. The number of patients was 111:27 received placebo; 26 were treated with captopril 25 mg plus HCTZ 12.5 mg (25/12.5); 25 with captopril 50 mg plus HCTZ 25 mg (50/25); and 33 with captopril 100 mg plus HCTZ 50 mg (100/50). A significant fall in blood pressure was seen in all four groups, but was greater with the active treatments. The percentage of patients who were normalized [diastolic blood pressure (DBP) less than or equal to 90 mm Hg] or good responders (10% fall in DBP) increased as a function of the dose. At Day 21, the antihypertensive effect of 50/25 was similar to that of 100/50, but greater than that of captopril 25-HCTZ 12.5. At Day 42, the antihypertensive effects of the three doses were similar. Tolerance data showed a higher incidence of side-effects with 100/50 than with the other dosages. Thus, 50/25 appeared to be the optimal dosage for the control of mild hypertension.

Captopril↗
PubMed1987

[Vocal cord paralysis in the intermediary and paramedian position. Etiology and treatment].

The purpose of this paper is to recall the neuroanatomical bases of the motrice laryngeal innervation and the consequences of a lesion at that level. On the other hand, the type of management and effective therapy our service uses in those cases of unilateral of bilateral vocal cord paralysis. The management is principally based on the E.M.G., the objective phonatory measurements including the spectral voice analysis. The unilateral paralysis is usually treated by the speech pathologist reeducation and, if necessary, GAX collagen injection in the vocal cord. The bilateral paralysis, generally in adduction, is cured in the most cases with a CO2 laser arytenoidectomy.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1987

Recurrent nerve paralysis after thyroidectomy. Therapeutic approach.

While recurrent nerve paralysis is a less frequent complication of thyroid surgery today thanks to the surgical techniques effected with identification of the recurrent nerve, it however is not a rare one (4 to 5%). It should systematically be sought by means of laryngoscopy both before and after operation. It is worth an objective assessment, quantitatively with measurement of the phonatory quotient and maximum phonatory time as well as qualitatively with analysis of vocal frequency. The often speech pathologist treatment is completed by injection of GAX collagen into the vocal fold by endoscopic approach under microscopic control. Of 35 cases of paralysis treated during the last three years, we have had three cases after thyroid surgery, i.e. less than 10%.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1986

Comparative study in mice of ten 1,4-benzodiazepines and of clobazam: anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, and myorelaxant effects.

We will present data from the comparison between four tests in mice of 10 1,4-benzodiazepines and one 1,5-benzodiazepine (clobazam). The tests used were: the "4 plates test" of anxiolytic activity; the electroshock test to determine the anticonvulsive effects; actimetry to predict the sedative effect on motricity; and traction test to predict the myorelaxant effect. The latter two tests have been suggested to be predictive of side-effects that damage psychomotor efficiency in human patients. A comparison of ED50s determined from the predictive tests of the therapeutic effect and those of the side-effects led to the calculation of ratios considered to be predictive of the safety margin. A classification according to this margin shows the advantages of the 1,5-benzodiazepine compared with the 1,4-benzodiazepines. Despite the caution needed in the extrapolation of the results from animals to humans, this work stresses the interesting place that the 1,5-benzodiazepine seem to hold as anticonvulsant in clinical practice.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Rhythmic circumnutation movement of the shoots in Phaseolus vulgaris L.

The apex of growing stems in twining plants describes a rhythmic movement in space called circumnutation. By the method of orthogonal projections, the position in space of the apex can be determined constantly. The mathematical analysis of data allowed us to determine that for Phaseolus vulgaris L. (cv. Mangetout Blanc de Juillet) grown under constant illumination and temperature (25 degrees C) the period is about 100 min. This movement has been related to rhythmic changes in the osmotic potential of the cells located in the bending zone of the stem for a constant period. These variations are longitudinally and laterally coordinated. Treatment with a solution of LiCl at 7 X 10(-3) M supplied to the root system induces a lengthening of the period. The effect of the treatment is reversed by K+ ions. From these results we deduce that rhythmic changes of the membranes are implicated in the circumnutation movements of twining plants.

Chlorides↗