PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Mossberg

Publications and source records attributed to B Mossberg.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Mucociliary clearance in relation to clinical features in patients with bronchiectasis.

Patients with bronchiectasis collected from a register covering all hospital stays within the county of Stockholm were asked to participate in a study of lung mucociliary clearance. Twenty-one patients inhaled 6 um Teflon particles labelled with 99mTc and radioactivity was measured externally. The patients were also clinically classified. Clearance varied from normal to extremely slow. The average retention at 2 hours was significantly higher in the patients, 65+27%, (mean +/- SD) than in healthy nonsmokers, 36+22%. Clearance was more impaired the more generalized the airway symptoms were, the more continuous they were, and the earlier in life they had started, all features which indicate a coherence with the immotile cilia syndrome, an obvious "model disease" in this context. Clearance was studied separately in two lungs in 18 patients and was similar in both lungs with one exception. A full presentation of this investigation is submitted to Eur. J. Respir. Dis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ambroxol therapy in simple chronic bronchitis: effects on subjective symptoms and ventilatory function.

Ambroxol, a metabolite of bromhexine, was investigated in a double-blind, controlled trial using parallel groups. We studied the effects of 60 mg and 120 mg daily versus placebo in subjects with simple chronic bronchitis. Possible therapeutic effects were evaluated by means of interviews on subjective drug effects and current respiratory symptomatology, patient diary cards, and lung function tests. Ninety-seven subjects entered the study and 92 completed satisfactorily. Comparison with the placebo group at the end of the study showed that significantly more subjects in the 120 mg ambroxol group reported improvement in respiratory symptoms, principally improved expectoration. Subjects in the 120 mg group tended to prefer the treatment period when compared to placebo but the diary cards did not indicate significant changes. Lung function values were mainly normal and did not change during treatment. We conclude that the drug had a symptomatic effect and that further studies in more severely affected patients would be worthwhile.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Mucociliary clearance in relation to clinical features in patients with bronchiectasis.

Patients with bronchiectasis were collected from a register covering all hospital stays within the county of Stockholm. They were asked to come for an interview, a clinical examination and to participate in a study of lung mucociliary clearance. The subjects inhaled 6 microns Teflon particles labelled with 99mTc and radioactivity was measured externally. Clearance varied from normal to extremely slow. The average retention of the Teflon particles at 2 h was significantly higher in the 21 patients, 65 +/- 27% (mean +/- SD), than in healthy nonsmokers, 36 +/- 22%. Clearance was more impaired the more generalized the airway symptoms were, the more continuous they were, and the earlier in life they had started; all features which indicate a coherence with the immotile cilia syndrome, an obvious "model disease" in this context. Clearance was studied separately in the two lungs in 18 patients and was similar in both lungs, with one exception.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural, cellular, and clinical features of the immotile-cilia syndrome.

The immotile-cilia syndrome is an autosomal recessive disease of the microtubules of ciliated cells and spermatozoa, and possibly also of neutrophil leukocytes; it affects approximately 1 in 20,000 people. A variety of aberrations in the axonemal microtubular apparatus has been observed. The most common is deficiency of dynein-arms, which leads to immotility or erratic movement of spermatozoa and respiratory tract cilia. The result is male sterility, and chronic or recurrent respiratory tract infections and bronchiectasis due to absence of mucociliary clearance. In addition, 50% of the persons have situs inversus and hence Kartagener's syndrome.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1984

Impairment of ventilatory function by supine posture in asthma.

Forced expiratory volumes were recorded in the upright position in 10 asthmatics before and after lying supine. On consecutive days were investigated, in random order, the effect of being supine for 0.5 h, 2 h, 4 h, and of being upright as a control experiment. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) was similarly recorded in the upright position, and, in addition, at every 0.5 h in the supine position. PEF decreased progressively in the supine position, but not in the control experiment. The decrease averaged 24% when supine for 4 h. After return to the upright position, it increased rapidly but incompletely. Forced expiratory volumes tended to decrease after being supine. Thus, the supine position may induce airflow obstruction in asthmatics, and posture may be a major factor behind nocturnal asthma. This protocol may be used as a bronchial challenge test in order to study possible influences on posture-induced obstruction in asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Acquired ciliary defects compared to those seen in the immotile-cilia syndrome.

An attempt is made to characterize injured cilia and ciliary mutants separately with particular emphasis on human conditions. The usefulness of electron microscopical investigations is stressed. An injury to a ciliated epithelium may very well be restricted to one site in the body and may appear at any stage of life. Typical ciliary mutants, such as are seen in the immotile-cilia syndrome, represent a generalized condition and will be found from the beginning of life. Some types of ciliary defects are relatively unspecific and found after various kinds of insult to the cilia also in the immotile-cilia syndrome; these are: compound cilia, supernumerary microtubules in the axoneme, and loss of cilia or of ciliated cells. Other kinds of ciliary defect seem to be typical of the ciliary mutants: absence of dynein arms, absence of spokes and central sheath, transposition of one of the central microtubules and short central microtubules.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1983

The immotile-cilia syndrome compared to other obstructive lung diseases: a clue to their pathogenesis.

Twentyfour adults, aged 19-47 years, with congenitally nonfunctioning cilia were investigated by clinical examination, radiography, spirometry, and in most cases by tracheobronchial clearance measurements and ultrastructural examination of respiratory tract cilia and/or sperm tails. They all suffered from chronic bronchitis, rhinitis and sinusitis, and most of them had bronchiectasis and a history of otitis. Most had spirometrically overt obstructive lung disease and four radiological signs of emphysema. Clinical profile, lung function and mucociliary clearance data were compared to corresponding data from samples of patients with other obstructive lung diseases. These comparisons indicate that a long-standing impairment of mucociliary clearance is of pathogenetic importance in common chronic obstructive lung disease associated with chronic bronchitis, but not in emphysema associated with severe alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency without chronic bronchitis, and not in asthma. In cystic fibrosis and in hypogammaglobulinemia an impaired clearance is not of primary pathogenetic significance but may contribute to the development of obstructive lung disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Measurements of tracheobronchial clearance in patients with immotile-cilia syndrome and its value in differential diagnosis.

Tracheobronchial clearance was studied in twenty patients who fulfilled suggested criteria of the immotile-cilia syndrome and in eight other patients suspected of suffering from the syndrome, but who did not fulfill the criteria. Clearance was studied using 6 micrometers teflon aerosol particles tagged with 99mTc and external measurement of the radioactivity. The criteria were based on combinations of a typical history of bronchitis, rhinitis and sinusitis since childhood, hereditary data, situs inversus, sperm immotility and characteristic defects of respiratory tract cilia and sperm tails. All patients who fulfilled the criteria had an extremely slow, probably no, tracheobronchial mucociliary clearance, whereas all those who did not fulfill the criteria had some clearance. Evidently the diagnosis immotile-cilia syndrome can be obtained without clearance measurements in typical cases, but such measurements are of value in atypical cases, especially for excluding the syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Tracheobronchial clearance after flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

As the tracheobronchial mucosa is vulnerable to mechanical trauma it is important to investigate whether examination with a flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope (FFB) damages the respiratory mucosa. In 12 subjects, tracheobronchial clearance was measured 1 day before and 1 day after FFB performed under topical anaesthesia. Mucociliary transport was studied by having the patients inhale 6 micron teflon particles tagged with 99mTc, and by external measurements of the radioactivity retained in the lungs. Most of the patients had a similar clearance on both days. A marked impairment after FFB was only seen in one patient. This study suggests that the tracheobronchial clearance system has a large reserve against mechanical trauma. FFB may possibly change mucociliary clearance in some patients, and this can be of practical significance in patients unable to cough.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Mucociliary clearance in patients with immunoglobulin deficiency.

Tracheobronchial mucociliary clearance was studied in six patients with immunoglobulin deficiency. They inhaled a test aerosol of 6 microns teflon particles tagged with 99mTc, after which external measurements of the retention of test particles in the lungs were made during 2 h. Four younger patients with common variable immunodeficiency and severe symptoms of airway infections all had a markedly slow clearance. In one of these cases clearance was measured again after 6 months of adequate medical treatment and was found much improved. Two older patients with less severe immunoglobulin deficiency (one with selective IgA deficiency and one with transient hypogammaglobulinemia), and with a history of less severe airway infections, had normal clearance. The results indicate that chronic infection of the airways, if severe enough, will damage the mucociliary transport system, but that this damage is not necessarily irreversible. Ciliary ultrastructure was investigated by electron microscopy in two of the younger patients with slow clearance, and was found to be normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Clearance by voluntary coughing and its relationship to subjective assessment and effect of intravenous bromhexine.

The elimination of 6 micrometers radioactively tagged teflon particles by 1-2 min of voluntary coughing was studied by profile scanning in 12 patients with tracheobronchial hypersecretion. The patients were tested on 2 different days 40-50 min after receiving 8 mg bromhexine (4 mg in two patients) and placebo intravenously according to a double blind cross-over design. Bromhexine did not influence the elimination of test particles in the nine patients in whom the measurements were technically satisfactory. When asked to identify the day they received bromhexine, the patients failed to do so. However, eight of the nine patients, in whom clearance measurements could be performed, believed they had received bromhexine on the day when most particles were eliminated (P less than 0.01), which coincided with the day on which coughing was easiest. It is suggested that self-assessment of the efficacy of coughing might be a simple, yet reliable technique for studying the short-term influence of drugs on tracheobronchial clearance by coughing.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Immotile cilia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Use of a labeled aerosol in the evaluation of the role of mucociliary transport and coughing in tracheobronchial clearance].

The mucociliary transport system has been found to be an important defense mechanism of the airways. The system is severely damaged in certain acute infections. In chronic bronchitis mucociliary transport is most severely impaired and this impairment is probably directly involved in the pathogenesis of the chronic airways obstruction that may complicate the disease. In hypersecretory states much of the clearance is performed by coughing. Only productive cough is effective in clearing the airways from small particles.

Acute Disease↗