Kidney levels of mRNA encoding S and B2 laminin and alpha 1 (IV) collagen in diabetic rats fed an aldose reductase inhibitor.
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Aldehyde Reductase↗
Biomedical subjects
B N Patel
Publications and source records attributed to B N Patel.
Serum esterase activities and hyperlipidaemia in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat.
The levels of activity of four serum esterases were measured in control and streptozotocin-diabetic rats for a period of 6 months. Pseudocholinesterase activity was significantly elevated in the diabetic rats at all time points tested, reaching 250% of the control activity at 6 months. Levels of paraoxonase activity progressively decreased with time in the diabetic rats, being 36% lower than in controls at 6 months. No significant differences in either serum arylesterase or carboxylesterase activity between control and diabetic rats were observed.
Animals↗
Benzamides can stimulate as well as inhibit the activity of nuclear ADP-ribosyltransferase.
Benzamides are potent inhibitors of nuclear ADP-ribosyltransferase and have been extensively used to demonstrate the involvement of ADP-ribosylation in cellular function. When permeabilized L1210 cells are treated with 50 microM 3-acetylamidobenzamide (3-aab) the enzyme is inhibited. However, when 50 nM 3-aab is used a two-fold stimulation of enzyme activity is produced. This anomalous stimulation is obtained with benzamides and nicotinamides and is correlated with their activity as inhibitors. Strikingly the steady-state level of poly(ADP-ribose) in intact cells is increased by these low levels of inhibitors. The mechanisms of this effect and its consequences for the experimental use of benzamides are discussed.
ADP Ribose Transferases↗
Peroxisomal localization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyrophosphate-stimulated dihydroxyacetone-phosphate acyltransferase in mouse kidney.
1. The subcellular localization of dihydroxyacetone-phosphate acyltransferase (DHAPAT) (assayed in the presence of pyrophosphate) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+-dependent) activity in mouse kidney was investigated by density-gradient centrifugation. 2. DHAPAT has a predominantly peroxisomal distribution, and the activity in purified peroxisomes is stimulated by various organic and inorganic phosphate-containing compounds. The pH optimum is acid. 3. Approx. 10% of the cellular NADP+-dependent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity is associated with peroxisomal fractions and may provide a source of NADPH for the peroxisomal reduction of acyl-dihydroxyacetone phosphate formed by DHAPAT activity.
Acyltransferases↗
Effects of serotonin1 and serotonin2 receptor agonists and antagonists on blood pressure, heart rate and sympathetic nerve activity.
Previous studies indicate that serotonin (5-HT) neurons provide a tonic excitatory input to central sympathetic neurons. The purpose of the present study was to utilize a number of 5-HT agonists in order to provide insights into the general function of the serotonergic system in the regulation of central sympathetic pathways. The 5-HT1A agonists 8-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin and p-aminophenyl-ethyl-m-trifluoromethylphenyl piperazine produced a dose-related inhibition of sympathetic nerve discharge (SND) recorded from either the postganglionic inferior cardiac nerve or the preganglionic splanchnic nerve in chloralose-anesthetized cats. The sympatholytic effects of 8-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin and p-aminophenyl-ethyl-m-trifluoromethylphenyl piperazine were accompanied by hypotension and bradycardia. The effects of 5-HT1A agonists were reversed by the 5-HT1A antagonist spiperone. In contrast, spiperone alone produced decreases in blood pressure, heart rate and SND. The 5-HT1B agonists 1[3(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-piperazine, 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine and 1-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazine all produced variable effects on SND. In some experiments, SND was increased by these agents, whereas it was decreased in others. The 5-HT2 agonist 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane produced a marked increase in SND. A second 5-HT2 agonist, MK212, produced similar effects. The role of 5-HT receptor subtypes in mediating the 5-HT excitation of sympathetic neurons is discussed. It is suggested that 5-HT1A agonists inhibit SND through a process of disfacilitation by inhibiting the firing rate of 5-HT neurons. Possible mechanisms by which 5-HT2 agonists increase SND are proposed.
8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗
Degradation of the pyrimidine bases uracil and thymine by Escherichia coli B.
Degradation of the pyrimidine bases uracil and thymine by Escherichia coli B was investigated. The known products of the reductive pathway of pyrimidine base catabolism were tested to determine if they could support the growth of E. coli B cells as sole sources of nitrogen or carbon. As might be expected if the reductive pathway was present, it was found that dihydrouracil, N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine, beta-alanine, dihydrothymine and beta-aminoisobutyric acid could sustain the growth of the bacterial cells as sole nitrogen sources by at least a fourteen-fold greater level than that observed if they were included as sole carbon sources. The existence of the reductive pathway of pyrimidine base degradation was confirmed in this micro-organism, since dihydrouracil, N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine and beta-alanine were detected following thin-layer chromatographic separation of the catabolic products of uracil and dihydrouracil.
Biotransformation↗
Ehrlisch test for detecting malignancy.
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Benzaldehydes↗