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Biomedical subjects

B N Zyrianov

Publications and source records attributed to B N Zyrianov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Effect of lipid peroxidation on the spontaneous aggregation of thrombocytes in patients with stomach cancer in the early post-operative period].

The influence of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) on peroxidation of lipids (LP) and spontaneous aggregation of thrombocytes (SAT), which is regarded as a factor of risk for thrombogenic complications, has been investigated. Blood-serum concentration of spontaneous malonic deladehyde (MA) was used for LP assay. Blood antioxidative capacity was estimated versus MA increase taking place in the presence of ascorbic acid and ions of iron. SAT was measured microscopically with the aid of fixing thrombocytic aggregates with formalin. The procedure was employed to examine patients with stomach cancer. Some patients received standard surgery, the rest--surgery plus IORT. Increased LP and thrombocyte counts were reported after surgery in both groups. IORT was shown to trigger on activation of the antioxidant component of LP. It is suggested that early thrombocyte-related complications can be avoided after surgery if IORT is supplemented with enhanced antioxidant therapy.

Gastrectomy↗
PubMed2003

[Complications of intraoperative radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer].

A high single dose of radiation can be delivered precisely to tumor or regional metastasis area by means of intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT). A program of combined treatment including radical IORT, postoperative distant gamma-therapy and adjuvant polychemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide has been developed at the Center. Treatment was given to 43 patients with stage III lung cancer. Complications were reported in 23.3 +/- 6.0%. Prophylactic methods have been worked out to minimize IORT--related postoperative complications. The postoperative lethality rate was 2.3 +/- 1.4%. No program-related hazards have been observed. Complications from adjuvant polychemotherapy were moderate.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Spontaneous aggregation of thrombocytes in the risk assessment of thrombogenic postoperative complications in lung cancer].

The changes in spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA), malonic dialdehyde (MDA) levels, total antioxidant blood volume (TABV) and total platelet count (TPC) in blood serum of patients with cancer of the lungs were postoperatively analyzed. The laboratory signs of impairments within the lipid peroxidation system/antioxidant protection were shown to take shape by postoperative days 7-14. Higher blood MDA levels were accompanied by a pronounced increase of SPA and TPC. It was suggested to use the SPA findings as an efficient laboratory criterion in diagnosing the impairments occurring in the platelet-vascular hemostasis chain.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Morphologic changes of bronchial epithelium after intraoperative radiotherapy of lung cancer].

Integration of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) with combined treatment of non-small cell carcinoma of the lung seems to be promising. Of particular interest are studies of morphological changes in the bronchial epithelium under the influence of large single dose of radiation (15 Gy). Our clinical investigation included patients with non-small cell carcinoma stage III who had received different schedules of treatment at the Center's clinics. Examination was carried out of biopsy material sampled from the bronchus stump as well as from the contralateral segment of the bronchial tree following combined therapy. Exacerbation of the chronic process in the bronchus stump after IORT was reported. One month after bronchial resection, 80% of patients suffered from catarrhal sclerosing bronchitis. Its progression triggered on bronchial sclerosis in 20%. Catarrhal sclerosing bronchitis in the contralateral segment of the bronchial tree occurred in 60%; there was no significant correlation between catarrhal sclerosis, on the one hand, and the initial condition of the bronchus, on the other. In the control group, there were also signs of chronic bronchitis exacerbation on the site of operation. On the whole, the distribution of patients by bronchitis patterns remained unchanged.

Bronchi↗
PubMed2000

[Intraoperative radiotherapy during plastic surgery for lung cancer].

The results of 28 bronchoplastic operations for non-small cell lung cancer and 3-8 year follow-up have been evaluated. Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) (10 Gy) was conducted in 6 patients. IORT was used as a component of combined treatment with good results and without postoperative complications.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Causes of exploratory thoracotomies in lung cancer].

Exploratory thoracotomies were studied in 80 patients with inoperable lung cancer. The X-ray and computed tomography findings were analyzed retrospectively. The main causes of inoperability of lung cancer were determined. The authors consider that CT findings are of greater importance as compared with the routine X-ray examination and linear tomography for determining the lung cancer operability.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

[Ten-year experience with intraoperative radiotherapy].

An analysis of the end results of combined treatment for stage III non-small cell lung cancer, stage III gastric cancer and soft-tissue sarcoma has been carried out. Radical surgery was supplemented with intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) with a single dose of 10-20 Gy. The radiation source was an original small-size betatron installed in the operating room. IORT did not interfere with wound healing nor did it involve increase in postoperative lethality. The 5-year survival rates for lung cancer patients who received IORT or surgery alone were 34.1 and 24.4%, respectively. The same indices for gastric cancer in IORT patients were 34.2% while in surgical cases--21.7%. Two-year non-relapse survival in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas showed a rise due to reduced recurrence incidence in irradiated areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The results of epidemiological studies of dental caries in children of the Siberian region].

Thorough epidemiologic studies are the basis for the development of effective methods and means of primary prevention of dental caries in children. With this aim in view, we examined 21,035 children living in various rural and urban regions of west Siberia. The duration of their stay in the Extreme North was taken account of, as well as levels of fluoride, selenium, and other odontotropic substances in drinking water and other biogeographical factors over the recent one or two decades. The study demonstrated an increasing incidence and intensity of caries, particularly so in the rural regions, which is due to insufficient primary and secondary prophylactic measures. The highest incidence and intensity of the disease were observed in the residents of Tyumen Province. For improving the prevention of dental diseases it is necessary that epidemiological factors in the studied regions be taken into consideration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[The combined treatment of locally disseminated stomach cancer with intra-arterial regional chemotherapy].

The method of a long-term celiac artery catheterization through the lumbar transaortic access is proposed. In 56 patients with a 3d stage gastric cancer regional intraarterial chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil was used pre- and postoperatively. There was a decrease of postoperative complications from 47.8 + 6% in surgical treatment to 16.0 +/- 4% in combined treatment. Metastases and recurrence were observed in 11 (21.2 + 5%) patients with regional chemotherapy and in 34 (58.6 + 6%) patients with surgical treatment only.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1993

[Intra-arterial regional chemotherapy in the combined treatment of stage-III cancer of the stomach].

The report discusses a method of long-term catheterization of the celiac artery by lumbo-transaortal access. Intraarterial regional chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil was administered to 56 cases of gastric cancer, stage III, before and after surgery. A significant drop in postoperative complication rate from 47.8 +/- 6% after surgery to 16.0 +/- 4% after combination treatment was recorded. During two years after operation, metastases and recurrences were registered in II out of 52 patients receiving intraarterial chemotherapy (21. +/- 5%), as compared with 34 out of 58 (58.6 +/- 6%) in controls without chemotherapy.

Catheters, Indwelling↗
PubMed1992

[The intraoperative irradiation of tumors].

Intraoperative irradiation of tumor was performed in 40 patients with cancer of the lung, stomach, breast, bone and soft tissues. It included irradiation of the bed of tumor removed. Fast electron beam was produced by a small betatron (collimator size--5 x 6 cm and 8 x 12 cm) installed in the operating room. Radiation was given to a single or to multiple fields in a single dose of 10-20 Gy to each field. Location of the radioactive source in the operating room proved technically, economically and medically advantageous since it was cheaper, assured a shorter period of the treatment and delivered from patient transportation to a radiotherapy department and ensuing complications. The procedure did not interfere with postoperative period. The efficacy of the treatment modality will be evaluated as soon as sufficient end results have been obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The potentials of computed tomography in assessing the spread of lung cancer].

The paper presents the results of a complex examination of 198 cases of lung cancer, using computed tomography, which provided additional data in 52.3% of cases. These data were used to assess the tumor spreading to the mediastinum, pleura and thoracic wall. The computed tomography-related features of lymphatic nodes of the mediastinum, both normal and metastatically involved, are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[The determination of the level of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus antigens in organizing groups at high risk for lung cancer disease].

Titers of antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigen were measured in 450 subjects aged 40 years and older. The group included patients with lung cancer, cases of non-specific chronic lung pathology and healthy subjects (150 persons in each subset). A significant increase in the level of antibodies to capsid EBV antigen was established in patients with lung cancer and chronic non-specific lung pathology as compared to healthy controls. Parameters of specific immunologic response to Epstein-Barr virus may be recommended as additional criteria for inclusion into the group at risk for lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[The ambulatory care of patients with precancerous diseases of the stomach].

Two hundred and ninety-four patients with precancerous lesions of the stomach were followed and treated. The group included cases of gastric ulcer (101), polyps (78), atrophic-hyperplastic gastritis (81) and 34 patients who had undergone gastric resection for duodenal ulcer. Pathologic foci were surrounded by areas of epithelial dysplasia of varying degree in almost all patients. In the course of follow-up and treatment, dysplasia regressed in several cases and progressed to early cancer of the stomach in three. Recommendations for periodicity of check-ups of patients with chronic cancer of the stomach depending on degree of mucosal epithelium dysplasia were developed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of blood coagulating and fibrinolytic activity of tumor on the state of systemic hemostasis in patients with stomach cancer].

Functional status of hemostatic system was assessed in 75 gastric cancer patients and 40 healthy volunteers. Hemostatic potential of blood flowing off tumor was evaluated in 38 patients whereas fibrinolytic activity of tumor tissue samples--in 35. The results showed the degree and pattern of functional disorders occurring in the hemostatic system to depend upon the extent and procoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of tumor. The evaluation of status of hemostasis as functional test elicited depletion of fibrinolytic and antiaggregation activity of the vascular wall in patients with locally advanced and disseminated cancer of the stomach.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Maximal and minimal lung resection in cancer of the lung].

The results of segmental pulmonary resections in 146 patients with lung cancer were analysed. The surgical results were found to be related to the extension of the process, histological pattern, the extent of tumor differentiation and mode of postoperative treatment. The best results of segmental resections were seen in patients with differentiated forms of squamous cell and glandular carcinomas of the lung (T1NoMo). All patients of the present group were alive 3 years after resection, but the 5-year survival rate was 83.3%. The postoperative radiotherapy (40-45 Gr.) was performed in 65 patients. The postoperative radiotherapy improved the 5-year survival rates from 17.3% to 55.5%. The indications for segmental resections in lung cancer were defined.

Adult↗