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Biomedical subjects

B Nichol

Publications and source records attributed to B Nichol.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Diagnostic ultrasound in the assessment of patients with incompetent cervix.

Twenty-five pregnant women with suspected cervical incompetence were assessed by serial ultrasound. A dilating internal os was documented in one patient, incompetence was ruled out in two, and a 'slipping suture' was demonstrated in another; the remaining patients were subjected to cerclage on the basis of their history alone. Patients in whom the diagnosis of cervical incompetence is indefinite should have a diagnostic ultrasound scan to visualize the cervix for length, opening of the canal and integrity of the internal os. Selective ultrasonography may be beneficial in both the diagnosis and treatment of cervical incompetence.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Sodium homeostasis in term and preterm neonates. III. Effect of salt supplementation.

Clinical and biochemical effects of supplementing dietary sodium intake to 4 to 5 mmol(mEq)/kg/day from days 4 to 14 of life were studied in 22 infants of gestational age 27 to 34 weeks. These infants were compared with a group of 24 unsupplemented babies. Supplemented infants lost less weight postnatally and regained birthweight more quickly: their improved weight gain continued after supplementation was stopped. Sodium balance was positive at age 5 to 11 days in supplemented babies but slightly negative in controls. Potassium balance was more strongly positive in the supplemented group. Plasma sodium concentration was higher in supplemented infants during weeks 3 and 4. Hyponatraemia was significantly more common in unsupplemented (37.5%) than supplemented (13.6%) infants. No infant became oedematous, hypernatraemic, or showed evidence of circulatory overload. The incidence of patent ductus arteriosus and necrotising enterocolitis was not increased; no intracranial haemorrhages occurred. Urinary potassium:sodium ratio was lower in supplemented babies than controls suggesting responsiveness of the distal tubule to mineralocorticoids. Providing 4 to 5 mmol(mEq)/kg/day of sodium to infants born before 34 weeks' gestation for the first two postnatal weeks improves growth and biochemical status and causes no undesirable side effects.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1981

Antenatal diagnosis of twin transfusion syndrome by ultrasound.

The evaluation of 2 cases of twin transfusion syndrome by conventional and real-time B-scan ultrasound is described. The importance of differentiating this syndrome from the isolated growth failure of 1 fetus in a twin pregnancy with a normally developing second fetus is emphasized. Assessment of placentation, fetal size and activity, as well as amount of fluid by diagnostic ultrasound is an important aid in the management of multiple gestation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Soft Boston orthosis in management of neuromuscular scoliosis: a preliminary report.

Collapsing neuromuscular spinal curvature is extremely difficult to manage with standard rigid orthoses owing to skin breakdown and patient intolerance. Experience with a new, more malleable type of spinal brace (the "soft Boston orthosis") has been very rewarding in 55 children with neuromuscular scoliosis with an average curvature of 42 degrees. Patient tolerance was improved in 38%, patient handling was facilitated in 68%, and postural positioning was enhanced in 79%. Although improvement in the scoliosis averaged only 15 degrees, the major advantage of this orthosis was a marked improvement in sitting stability in 80% of patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗