Biomedical subjects

B Nilsson

Publications and source records attributed to B Nilsson.

767 records · Page 43Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Kinetics of cell replication in the uterine cervix. VIII. Quantitation of chronologic events in proliferating loci.

The frequency and the topographic distribution of DNA replicating cervical basal squamous cells (as deduced by 3H-thymidine in vivo administration up to 8 hours before sacrifice) was studied in 70,000 basal cells in 70 C57B1 mice. While the number of labelled basal cells/animal was similar in those injected only once, a significantly higher number of labelled basal cells was recorded in animals injected twice or three times. Following one single injection, 30% (8 h previously) and 31% (1 h previously) of the DNA replicating basal cells occurred in pairs or in loci of three, four or more labelled cells. After repeated injections, the rates were 49% for those animals injected twice before sacrifice and 47% for those injected three times. Thus repeated injections resulted in a significantly increased number of loci of three, four or more DNA replicating basal cells when compared to those injected only once. The present results suggest that there is a chronological asynchrony in the DNA replication of proliferating basal cells-loci of the uterine cervix.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Short-term prognosis of bladder cancer. Evaluation with urinary CEA.

The parameters U-CEA and stage (T) appear to be good predictors of survival in bladder carcinoma during the first 12 months after diagnosis; calculated with the Cox regression model in a multivariate way. Calculated separately in a bivariate manner 0-12 months after diagnosis, U-CEA and T were highly significant predictors for survival. G did not add to the predictors for survival. Grade (G) did not add to the predictive power during the first 12 months but became more informative a year and later after diagnosis.

Actuarial Analysis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Urinary and fecal elimination of nickel in relation to air-borne nickel in a battery factory.

Nickel in urine and in air from the breathing zone of 18 male workers in a battery factory was determined weekly during 11 consecutive weeks. The study started immediately following three weeks of Christmas vacation. The nickel levels in air varied but did not increase with time. The average urinary excretion of nickel showed an increase during the first weeks, after which a steady state seemed to have been reached. There was a considerable individual variation in both exposure levels and urine nickel levels. However, a correlation between the averages of nickel in air and urine could be demonstrated on a group basis. In a second study, during one week, measurements of nickel in air and feces were made on 15 of the workers. A significant correlation was found between nickel in air and fecal nickel. Smoking habits did not seem to influence neither urinary nor fecal nickel concentrations.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration biopsy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Diagnostic dilemma at the ends of the spectrum.

A diagnostic dilemma exists at the extreme ends of the spectrum in the cytodiagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The cytologic features of fine needle aspiration biopsies from 30 well- and 16 poorly differentiated HCC were reviewed and the adjunctive role of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers and radiologic findings evaluated. Some subtle features noted in very well differentiated HCC include small tumor cell size with increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, monotony of atypia, hepatocytic tumor giant cells and narrow trabeculae with tendency for cell dissociation. Useful features in poorly differentiated HCC include cell dehiscence, large cells with ovoid nuclei and thickened nuclear membranes, and one or more increasingly prominent nucleoli, with some assuming a reniform configuration. The serum AFP levels are not always elevated. Positive HBV markers, cirrhosis and compatible imaging findings are suggestive but not diagnostic. The general inclination, however, is still toward a diagnosis of HCC if the aspirate is from a focal lesion or lesions in a hepatitis B surface antigen-positive, cirrhotic liver. Cell block sections provide histologic confirmation.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bile cytology. Diagnostic role in the management of biliary obstruction.

Thirty satisfactory bile specimens from 21 patients (13 with cancer and 8 with benign conditions) were reviewed to assess the diagnostic role of bile cytology in the management of biliary obstruction. Smears were malignant in 5 instances, suspicious in 1, atypical in 2 (8 in the positive group) and negative in 22. There were no false positives. The diagnostic sensitivity was 38%, specificity 100% and overall accuracy 57%. Of interest were (1) hepatocellular carcinoma, causing obstruction in three patients; (2) metastatic colonic adenocarcinoma, causing obstruction in another instance; (3) positive cytodiagnosis in a patient who developed biliary stricture following laparoscopic cholecystectomy; and (4) detection of acidfast bacilli in bile from a case of tuberculous pseudotumor mimicking a hepatic malignancy. Bile cytology is a simple, inexpensive means of obtaining tissue confirmation of neoplastic and specific inflammatory causes of biliary obstruction. It is a useful adjunct to other techniques in this era of fiberoptic diagnostic procedures. Cell block sections should be prepared whenever possible.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Aspiration cytology of liver abscesses. With an emphasis on diagnostic pitfalls.

Clinical and imaging features of liver abscesses are not specific. Necrotic hepatic neoplasms, primary or secondary, can mimic abscesses, and vice versa. Thirty-eight patients who had cytologic confirmed abscesses were analyzed. There was clinical, radiologic and cytologic concurrence in 27 patients. In six cases the clinically suspicious lesion turned out to be inflammatory. The remaining five were malignant. There were four amebic and three tuberculous cases in this series. Cytologically, pyogenic abscesses contained a heavy, neutrophilic, inflammatory exudate with nuclear debris. By comparison, amebic cases contained more necrotic debris, with degenerating hepatocytes and fewer inflammatory cells. Acid-fast bacilli were identified in two tuberculous abscesses; however, only one contained caseous necrotic material and epithelioid cells. A potential pitfall in the cytologic diagnosis of a case of inflammatory pseudotumor is emphasized. The diagnosis of liver abscess should be established by clinical and imaging findings in conjunction with needle aspiration.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tuberculous pseudotumor causing biliary obstruction. Report of a case with diagnosis by fine needle aspiration biopsy and bile cytology.

Hepatobiliary tuberculosis is a rare but distinct clinical entity. We report an unusual case of biliary tract obstruction due to localized hepatic tuberculosis with periportal tuberculous adenitis. The lesion mimicked a malignancy clinically and radiologically. Fine needle aspiration biopsy revealed granulomas, epithelioid histiocytes and Langhans' giant cells. The cytodiagnosis was confirmed by identification of acid-fast bacilli in the bile cytology and isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by culture. The patient responded to antituberculosis therapy. The usefulness of bile cytology in the diagnostic management of biliary tract obstruction is illustrated.

Bile↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Retroperitoneal endodermal sinus tumor. Report of a case with an abnormal cervicovaginal smear.

An unusual case of an endodermal sinus tumor arising in the retroperitoneum and invading the fallopian tube is reported. The patient presented with malignant cells mimicking adenocarcinoma in the cervicovaginal smear. The differential diagnoses of such cells in cervicovaginal cytology are discussed. The cytohistologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings of the tumor are correlated.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast. Report of a case with fine needle aspiration cytology and histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural correlation.

A case of adenomyoepithelioma of the breast was studied by cytology, histology, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Aspiration cytology of the tumor showed sheets and tubular-type clusters of cohesive, regular polygonal cells with abundant, fairly well preserved, pale, granular to finely vacuolated, clear cytoplasma and a low nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. The nuclei were small, round and monotonous, with dispersed chromatin and small or inconspicuous nucleoli. Acinus formation was striking: an occasional gland showed a suggestion of an inner layer of cells with denser cytoplasm surrounded by an outer mantle of paler cells. The histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings confirmed the two cell populations, constituting an inner epithelial and outer myoepithelial component, both participating in the neoplastic process. The differential diagnoses of various breast lesions with somewhat similar cytologic features are discussed.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Biliary cystadenocarcinoma arising in a cystadenoma. Report of a case diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology.

Hepatic cyst fluid cytology tends to yield disappointing results. We report a case of a 56-year-old woman with a biliary cystadenocarcinoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. Computed tomography scans had shown a solitary, unilocular hepatic cyst over a five-year period. There was a recent increase in the size and development of a mural echogenic focus. Cytologic examination revealed clusters of malignant glandular cells in a background of cellular debris and mucinophages. The resected specimen confirmed the presence of an adenocarcinoma arising from malignant transformation of a preexisting cystadenoma.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic value of serum analyses of S-100 protein beta in malignant melanoma.

In the present study serum levels of S-100 protein beta were measured in 643 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma. An immuno-radiometric assay with three monoclonal antibodies against bovine S-100 protein beta subunit was used. At the time of blood sampling 553 patients were in clinical stage 1, 24 in clinical stage II and 66 in clinical stage III. The overall survival rate was strongly associated with serum levels of S-100 protein. The observed/expected death ratio was markedly increased with increasing levels of S-100 beta (p < < 0.001). Our data strongly suggest that S-100 beta in serum is an independent prognostic marker and may be useful in identifying high-risk cases and monitoring response to therapy in patients with malignant melanoma.

Animals↗