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Biomedical subjects

B Nosslin

Publications and source records attributed to B Nosslin.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Abnormal whole-body and cellular (erythrocytes) turnover of 22Na+ in normotensive relatives of probands with established essential hypertension.

1. Whole-body elimination rate of 22Na+ was decreased in normotensive or borderline first-degree relatives of hypertensive probands. 2. Whole-body potassium, exchangeable sodium and urine excretion of sodium, potassium and creatinine were similar in relatives and controls. 3. Erythrocyte net influx of 22Na+ was significantly increased in normotensive relatives. 4. Abnormal whole-body and cellular handling of sodium (22Na+) demonstrated in relatives indicates that this abnormality may have an important role in the development of essential hypertension in man.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of the microsphere method for determination of cardiac output and flow distribution in the rat.

The radioactive microsphere technique was applied to determine simultaneous cardiac output and flow distribution in the rat. Left ventricular injections of large numbers of microspheres were given, without significant adverse effects, allowing determination of flow to organs and tissues with low perfusion rates. In order to determine coronary blood flow it was necessary to excise the inner lining of the left ventricle, thus eliminating activity from deposits of microspheres. Cardiac output determination showed less variation with the sampling catheter in the abdominal aorta than in the femoral artery. It is concluded that the microsphere method can be conveniently used for hemodynamic studies in the rat, and that the abdominal aorta is the preferred site for the placement of the reference catheter in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Catabolic rate of alpha1-antitrypsin of of Pi types S, and MMalton and of asialylated M-protein in man.

1. Human alpha1-antitrypsin was isolated with preserved microheterogeneity from subjects of Pi types M, S and MMalton. The M-protein was partially (20%) and completely desialylated. The proteins were labelled with either 125I or 131I. 2. The disappearance rate of these alpha1-antitrypsins was studied after simultaneous injection of the two types of labelled protein into Pi M subjects. The fractional catabolic rates of S- and MMalton-protein were 0.36 and 0.34 day(-1) respectively compared with 0.28 day(-1) for M-protein. The ratio of extravascular to plasma pools was 1.4 for S- protein and 1.6 for MMalton-protein. The 20% desialylated M-protein showed an increase of about 100% in its fractional catabolic rate. The disappearance rate of completely desialylated alpha1-antitrypsin was extremely rapid. 3. The slightly higher fractional catabolic rate of S- than of M-protein can only partly explain the 40% lower plasma concentration in subjects of Pi type S. Similarly the slight increase in catabolic rate of Pi MMalton- protein is too small to explain why the alpha1-antitrypsin content of the blood in Pi MMalton subjects is only 15% of that normally found. A low hepatic secretion seems to be the major cause of the low alpha1-antitrypsin concentration found in subjects of types Pi S and MMalton, as in Pi type Z.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Studies in pharmacokinetics and tolerance of substances temporarily retained in the liver by microsphere embolization.

Earlier investigation has shown that a temporary arrest of arterial blood flow can be achieved by embolization with degradable microspheres. This study was made to investigate the change in pharmacokinetics, and drug tolerance which takes place when a substance is retained in the liver by a microsphere embolization. 14C-labelled inulin and 5-fluorouracil were studied. The administration of these substances with microspheres led to a delay in their systemic distribution. Furthermore there was an increased tolerance to 5-fluoro-uracil, probably due to a prolonged first pass effect when the substance was temporarily retained in the liver by a microsphere embolization.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Myocardial scintigraphy with 99mTc-pyrophosphate in patients with unstable angina pectoris.

A total of 400 patients, aged 25-82 years, admitted to the Coronary Care Unit due to clinical suspicion of acute myocardial infarction, were examined with 10 mCi 99mTc labelled to pyrophosphate. The examinations were carried out 4-120 hours post onset of symptoms, with a mobile gamma camera. Scintigrams were evaluated with regard to presence, localization and intensity of an uptake. Among 249 patients with a verified acute myocardial infarction, uptake was found in 237. Sixty-two of 85 patients with unstable angina showed a diffuse uptake with low intensity. Scintigraphy could not be used as a prognostic index of which patients would later develop an infarct. However, the scintigraphic pattern was useful as an aid in the differential diagnosis between acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Quantitative analysis of the distribution of 99mTc-labelled ethylene hydroxy diphosphonate in young rats.

The distribution of 99mTc-labelled ethylene 1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP) in young rats was studied 1, 3, 6 and 9 h after intraperitoneal injection. The concentration of 99mTc in bone was 8-10 times higher than that in the kidneys and 20-1000 times higher than those in other soft tissues. The concentration in bone remained constant throughout the observation time. In some of the animals sacrificed after 3, 6, or 9 h the uptake in the liver and spleen was higher than that found in the majority of the animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Catabolic rate of alpha1-antitrypsin of Pi type M and Z in man.

1. Human alpha1-antitrypsin was isolated from three Pi M and two Pi Z subjects without alteration of its microheterogeneity. The purified proteins were labelled with either 125I or 131I by a lactoperoxidase method. 2. The disappearance rate of two types of alpha1-antitrypsin were studied after simultaneous injection of labelled M-protein and Z-protein into Pi M subjects. 3. The ratio of extravascular to plasma pools of alpha1-antitrypsin ranged between 1-2 and 1-6 with no difference between M- and Z-protein. The mean fractional catabolic rates of M-protein and Z-protein were respectively 0-26 and 0-40 per day. 4. The difference in catabolic rate of Z- and of M-protein is too small to explain why the alpha1-antitrypsin content of the blood in Pi ZZ subjects is only 15% of that normally found in Pi MM subjects. The low alpha1-antitrypsin in Pi ZZ subjects appears mainly to be due to a low rate of biosynthesis.

Alleles↗
PubMed1976

Determination of urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products by radioimmunoassay.

Glomerular fibrin/fibrinogen related material is often found in the early stage of especially proliferative types of glomerulonephritis and during rejection of renal grafts after transplantation. The presence and concentration of urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) have been found to be correlated to the extent of glomerular fibrin deposits. Most methods for FDP determination hitherto available are not sensitive enough to detect such small amounts of the fibrin/fibrinogen related material in the urine as are found in early glomerulonephritis. A radioimmunoassay for determining urinary FDP is described, in which the high molecular weight degradation products (HMWDP) are first converted into end degradation products (D and E) by addition of plasminogen and streptokinase to the urine sample. In the test an antiserum against purified D-products is used, which avoids the influence of varying binding properties and therefore makes the method more specific.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1976

Myocardial scintigraphy with 99mTc-pyrophosphate in 150 coronary care unit patients.

150 patients, admitted to the coronary care unit with suspicion of acute myocardial infarction, received pyrophosphate labelled with 99mTc, 6-120 h after onset of symptoms, mean 24 h, and were examined in the anterior posterior position and in the left anterior oblique position with a mobile gamma camera. Scintigrams were obtained initially at the injection, and then every 15th min during 1h. The scintigrams were evaluated with regard to presence and localization of radionuclide uptake in myocardial area. In 98 patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, uptake was found in 95, with good correlation between ECG and scintigraphic localization. 2. patients with myocardial infarction, verified at autopsy, did not show any uptake and 1 patient, surviving the myocardial infarction, also showed negative result. 19 of 26 patients with unstable angina pectoris also exhibited an uptake in the myocardium. 25 of 26 patients with other diagnoses showed no uptake, while in 1 patient an uptake was recorded. It is concluded that with 99mTc-pyrophosphate scintigraphy it is possible to separate ischemic heart disease from other diseases in patients with chest pain.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metrizamide in urography. II. A comparison of 51Cr-EDTA clearance and metrizamide clearance in man.

In nine subjects undergoing urography with metrizamide measurements of total serum clearance of 51Cr-EDTA have been made before, during, and after the urography. During the urography both total serum clearances and renal clearances were determined for 51Cr-EDTA and metrizamide. The present study in man confirms the previous results from investigations in rabbits, that most of the intravenously injected metrizamide is excreted through the kidneys, that tubular reabsorption of metrizamide occurs and suggests that metrizamide might be used with advantage for urography.

Chromium Radioisotopes↗