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Biomedical subjects

B O Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to B O Eriksson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Two years' follow-up of asthmatic boys participating in a physical activity programme.

Eleven boys with bronchial asthma, mean age 11.2 years, particpated in a 20-month long physical activity programme. The training was performed in an ordinary indoor gymnasium for one hour twice a week. No drugs were given prior to the training sessions. Cardiorespiratory function and dimensions and maximal aerobic capacity were determined before, during and after the training period. The respiratory and circulatory dimensions increased as expected during and after the training period. The respiratory and circulatory dimensions increased as expected during the observation period and after correction for the influence of growth no changes were seen in the variables studied. Nor did the training group differ significantly in any respect from a group of nine asthmatic boys not trained. There was only a slight but not significant increase in the maximal exygen uptake and the ventilatory coefficient in the training group as compared to the non training group. After a one-week winter-camp with high exercise intensity there was a rise in the total ventilation, the ventilatory coefficient and the maximal work performed but the maximal oxygen uptake was not affected. All boys showed a very good ability to participate in the physical activity programme at approximately the same level as the physical education given at school.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Lung volumes and pulmonary gas exchange after coarctectomy.

Ventilatory lung function and pulmonary gas exchange were assessed during rest and exercise up to the maximal level in nineteen males aged 16-28 years, eleven years after surgery for coarctation of the aorta. Compared to the normal Swedish standards, the lung volumes indicated a restrictive impairment of lung function. However, the age range in this series of patients is outside the age range of reference values for both children and adults. When the effect of age on the lung volumes was allowed for they were found to be less restrictive. Pulmonary gas exchange was normal at rest and during maximal exercise. Thus, the aortic malformation and the thoracotomy did not lead to any marked impairment of lung function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Muscle metabolism in children--a review.

The muscle tissue is by far the most energy demanding organ in the body. Studies on energy liberation and muscle substrate levels in normal and sick children can give an important contribution to the knowledge and understanding of the problems in each disorder. Muscle metabolic data are presented from infants with symptomatic ventricular septal defect (VSD), children with coarctation of the aorta, children with coeliac disease and with late walking debut. The difference in muscle substrate levels and muscle enzyme activities in normal children 2 months to 15 years of age are also presented, as well as the effect of exercise and physical training.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1980

Metrizamide and metrizoate for cardioangiography in infants. Comparison of heart rate and arrhythmia.

The cardiotoxic effect of Isopaque Coronar (metrizoate 370 mg I/ml) and Amipaque (metrizamide 370 mg I/ml) was analysed in 52 infants weighing less than 5 kg. In each group of patients 37 injections of contrast medium were performed and the immediate side effects, extrasystoles and change in heart frequency, were recorded. Amipaque caused significantly less bradycardia and significantly fewer immediate extrasystoles than Isopaque Coronar. The results indicate a lower cardiotoxicity of Amipaque in cardioangiography in infants.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1980

Ventilation and pulmonary gas exchange at rest and during exercise in boys with bronchial asthma.

During symptom-free periods pulmonary ventilation and alveolar gas exchange was determined in 14 boys with bronchial asthma during submaximal and maximal exercise. In six of these boys studies were also made at rest. At rest there was slight hyperventilation as indicated by decreased PCO2. There was also a lowering of the arterial PO2 and all boys had an increased alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference. During exercise, there was a sharp increase in pulmonary ventilation with values similar to those encountered in trained healthy boys; there was also a tendency towards normalization of the arterial blood gases and alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference. This indicates either more even pulmonary ventilation and better distribution of pulmonary perfusion or more even distributions of ventilation and perfusion during physical work in sitting position. Thus, boys with bronchial asthma show good respiratory adaptation to heavy exercise. One boy developed a severe asthmatic attack during exercise and, before the symptoms developed, had a dramatic fall in the arterial PO2 with an unchanged PCO2. The possibility of a sudden drop in arterial PO2 should be kept in mind when children with bronchial asthma perform physical exercise.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Intra-arterial blood pressures at rest and during exercise after surgery for coarctation of the aorta.

Nineteen young men operated upon for coarctation of the aorta during childhood, between the ages of 6 and 14 yr, were studied. Twelve patients had a systolic hypertension in the right arm at rest, and generally during exercise, measured intra-arterially. All patients but 2 had systolic gradients between the right arm and leg at rest and even more so during exercise. There was no significant correlation between the degree of hypertension or gradient on the one hand and the width of the anastomosis, age at surgery or years since surgery on the other in this group of patients. No better correlation was found when the patients were studied during exercise. Thus, blood pressure measurements can not reveal whether a re- or rest-coarctation is at hand. It can be questioned whether an early operation could prevent postoperative hypertension in the long run.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Oxygen uptake and cardiac output at rest and during exercise after surgery for coarctation of the aorta.

Oxygen uptake and cardiac output at rest and during exercise were studied in 19 men operated on for coarctation of the aorta during childhood. Their aerobic capacity and their maximal values for cardiac output, stroke volume and arteriovenous oxygen difference were normal. No differences were found regarding these variables between hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Thus, there was no sign of failure of the left ventricle even in patients with high blood pressure during exercise. Whether the normal arteriovenous oxygen difference indicates a normal distribution of the cardiac output cannot be settled from the present data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Metabolic substrates, muscle fibre composition and fibre size in late walking and normal children.

In 10 children with delayed walking, muscle specimens were obtained by needle biopsy from the vastus lateralis muscle for determination of ATP, creatine phosphate (CP), glycogen and lactate concentration, as well as fibre composition and fibre size. The values obtained are compared with corresponding results for a control group of 25 children aged 2 months--11 years. Details of the control series are given and its validity as a reference group is discussed. Six children (group I) who showed minor gross motor delay but otherwise normal development at follow-up were found to have lowered ATP, CP and glycogen concentrations, compared to 4 children (group II) who had general developmental delay, and to the control group. The children in group I were shown to have smaller fibre size and a greater difference between type 1 and 2 fibres than the children in group II and in the control group. No differences in the concentrations of metabolic substrates or the morphometric values could be detected between group II and the control group.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1979

Muscle abnormalities in coeliac disease: studies on gross motor development and muscle fibre composition, size and metabolic substrates.

In 11 children with coeliac disease gross motor development was assessed before and during diet treatment using the gross motor subscale of the Denver developmental screening test. ATP, creatine phosphate (CP), glycogen and lactate concentrations, muscle fibre size and fibre composition were measured in specimens obtained by needle biopsy from the vastus lateralis muscle. Before treatment, gross motor development was delayed. ATP, and to a lesser extent, CP and glycogen concentrations were lowered compared to a control group. After treatment, gross motor development was normal and no differences in ATP, CP or glycogen concentrations were found compared to the control group. Fibre size seemed unaffected by the disease. The percentage of type 1 fibres was significantly lower before treatment, compared to values obtained during treatment and from the control group. Whether these metabolic changes were due to the coeliac disease per se or the inactivity which it causes was not possible to establish. In humans, only altered neurogenic influence on the muscles has been previously shown to give changes in fibre composition.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1979

Cardiac output and blood pressure at rest and during exercise in boys with bronchial asthma.

Cardiac output, using dye-dilution technique, and intra-arterial blood pressure at rest and during exercise on a bicycle ergometer were determined in six boys with bronchial asthma, mean age 11.9 years. Intra-arterial blood pressure was also measured in another group of eight boys with bronchial asthma. Cardiac output, stroke volume, arteriovenous oxygen difference, blood pressure and total peripheral vascular resistance at rest and during exercise up to maximal level were within the normal limits of healthy boys of the same age. At maximal exercise, cardiac output averaged 12.4 l/min, stroke volume 66 ml, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures 128, 81 and 107 mmHg, respectively, and total peripheral vascular resistance 10.9 mmHg/l/min. The maximal arteriovenous oxygen difference amounted to 14.1 ml/100 ml blood which is similar to that in healthy adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A comparison of Isopaque Coronar 370 and Amipaque in angiocardiography in infants.

Experimental studies and some clinical investigations have indicated that Amipaque (metrizamide) is less cardiotoxic than other contrast media in common use for angiocardiography. It, therefore, seemed motivated to find out whether these findings are valid in the high-risk group of neonates and small infants subjected to angiocardiography.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1978

Long-term effect of previous swimtraining in girls. A 10-year follow-up of the "girl swimmers".

Thirty girls, studied in 1961 after 2.5 years of intensive swimtraining, were the subject of a follow-up for ten years. When last examined, seven and ten years after the original study, all the girls had given up swimtraining. The increased values for vital capacity observed in 1961 remained unchanged, but residual volume, functional residual capacity and total lung capacity showed small increases even after corrections for body growth. Such increases are, however, normal in these years. Heart volume which was high originally, was found to be lower ten years later, although mean values were still higher than normal. The decreases seen from 1961 to 1971 could mainly be ascirbed to a decrease in the subjects with the larges hearts originally. Both total hemoglobin and blood volume decreased to normal values in relation to body size. Maximal oxygen uptake, though, fell from 2.80 l/min (51. 4 ml/kg X min) to 2.18 l/min (36.4 ml/kg X min) ten years later. It is suggested that the functional capacity of the cardiovascular system declined more markedly than its dimensions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Respiratory function, cardiovascular dimensions and work capacity in boys with bronchial asthma.

Twenty boys with bronchial asthma, aged 8-13 years, were studied with regard to the size of their respiratory and circulatory organs and to their excercise tolerance. The boys were divided into two groups (A and B) depending on the severity of their subjective symptoms. Normal values were found for TLC, VC, and FRC in both groups, whereas the group with the most severe asthma had a slightly increased RV. In both groups THb, blood and heart volumes were normal. A quite normal relationship between these variables was observed as well as with work capacity (W170 and VO2 max) with no intergroup differences. Respiratory rate was lower and ventilation was increased in group B, both in submaximal and maximal exercise. Thus, tidal volume in maximal exercise exceeded 50 per cent of vital capacity in this group. These boys also had the highest blood lactate concentration at submaximal and maximal exercise. In half of the boys asthma-like attacks were elicited by the excercise. The symptoms subsided without treatment shortly after work. The frequency and intensity of attacks were similar in the two groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Oxygen uptake arterial blood gases and blood lactate concentration during submaximal and maximal exercise in adult subjects with shunt-operated tetralogy of fallot.

Ten female and six male adult subjects with shunt-operated tetralogy of Fallot have been studied at rest and during submaximal and maximal exercise on an average 20 years after the palliative operation. There was a considerable reduction in the aerobic work capacity, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) being 1.00 1/min STPD. Though ventilation (VE) was out of proportion to VO2 as indicated by an abnormally high ventilation equivalent (52.1), values for VEmax were low (50.81/min BTPS) and of approximately the same order as in a comparable group of totally corrected TOF patients. In spite of increased VE in relation VO2 the PaCO2 increased from 30 mmHg at rest to 49 mmHg during maximal exercise, while PaCO2 decreased from 60 mmHg at rest to 44 mmHg during submaximal exercise I. During heavier exercise no further fall was noted. Base excess decreased from -2.9 to -9.8 mEq/l. Thus a combined respiratory and metabolic acidosis was at hand during exercise, the metabolic component, however, being normal. Maximal blood lactate concentrations were low (5.8 mmol/l) and contrasted with the high intramuscular lactate concentrations earlier reported in some of the patients. The low values found for VO2 max indicate that a palliative operative procedure in TOF is no alternative to an intracardiac repair in the long-term course. The two main factors limiting exercise tolerance were acidosis and accumulation of lactate within the muscle cell.

Adult↗