Biomedical subjects

B O Rothbaum

Publications and source records attributed to B O Rothbaum.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

CSF 5-HIAA as a predictor of treatment response in trichotillomania.

Trichotillomania is characterized by chronic hair-pulling resulting in noticeable hair loss. In a preliminary study, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures in 8 medication-free, female, trichotillomania patients were compared to those of matched, normal controls. There was no difference between patients and controls in measures of CSF cortisol, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG). CSF measures did not correlate with measures of trichotillomania symptomatology. However, degree of response to treatment with serotonin re-uptake inhibitors significantly correlated with baseline CSF 5-HIAA. This suggests that central serotonin turnover is specifically relevant to treatment response to serotonin re-uptake inhibitors in trichotillomania.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in rape victims: a comparison between cognitive-behavioral procedures and counseling.

Rape victims with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; N = 45) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: stress inoculation training (SIT), prolonged exposure (PE), supportive counseling (SC), or wait-list control (WL). Treatments consisted of nine biweekly 90-min individual sessions conducted by a female therapist. Measures of PTSD symptoms, rape-related distress, general anxiety, and depression were administered at pretreatment, posttreatment, and follow-up (M = 3.5 months posttreatment). All conditions produced improvement on all measures immediately post-treatment and at follow-up. However, SIT produced significantly more improvement on PTSD symptoms than did SC and WL immediately following treatment. At follow-up, PE produced superior outcome on PTSD symptoms. The implications of these findings and direction for treatment and future research are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1990

Religious influence on menstrual attitudes and symptoms.

Menstrual attitudes and symptoms of 18 Orthodox Jewish Mikvah attenders, 23 Orthodox Jewish Mikvah non-attenders, 35 Protestant women, and 45 Catholic women were compared. When age, education, number of pregnancies, and religiosity were controlled, Mikvah non-attenders and Protestants most strongly endorsed a view of menstruation as a bothersome event. No significant differences were found, however, in expected or retrospectively reported menstrual symptoms. Correlational analyses indicated that attitudes, expectancies, and symptoms were significantly correlated only for the Catholic women. Differences between groups in religiosity and socialization were found. The Jewish women endorsed doctrines such as "menstruation makes women unclean" more than Catholic or Protestant women. Results support the hypothesized differential religious training regarding menstruation, but only offer weak support for the effects of this training on menstrual attitudes, expectancies, and symptoms.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Virtual reality exposure therapy in the treatment of fear of flying: a case report.

The efficacy of virtual reality (VR) exposure therapy was examined for the fear of flying. Virtual reality exposure involved six sessions of graded exposure to flying in a virtual airplane. The specific contribution of anxiety management techniques (AMT) and the VR exposure was examined in a single case design. The subject was a 42-year-old female with a debilitating fear and avoidance of flying. All self-report measures of the fear and avoidance of flying decreased following AMT and decreased still further following VR exposure. A planned post-treatment flight was completed with anxiety measures indicating comfortable flight. The implications of this new medium for exposure therapy are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗