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Biomedical subjects

B Ogden

Publications and source records attributed to B Ogden.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Childhood outcome after early high-frequency oscillatory ventilation for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: In a previous multicenter controlled clinical trial, we randomly assigned surfactant-treated premature newborns with moderate to severe respiratory distress syndrome to early treatment with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) or to conventional ventilation (CV). Compared with control infants who were treated with CV, neonates who were treated with HFOV using a strategy designed to recruit and maintain lung volume and minimize oxygen exposure had clinical evidence of improved pulmonary outcome and less lung injury. We report a follow-up study designed to determine whether clinical differences persisted between these study groups. METHODS: Patients were recruited from 81 survivors at 1 center (Provo, Utah) and evaluated for sociodemographic and health history, growth, mental development, motor proficiency, and pulmonary function. RESULTS: Eighty-seven percent of the cohort who originally were assigned to treatment with HFOV (n = 36) or CV (n = 33) were seen in follow-up at a mean age of 77 months (6.4 years). There were no differences in the frequency of hospitalization, pulmonary illness, asthma, or disabilities. Growth, verbal IQ, and motor development were appropriate for age and not different between groups. Patients who initially were randomized to treatment with CV showed pulmonary function evidence of decreased peak expiratory flow, increased residual lung volume, and maldistribution of ventilation. CONCLUSION: Neurodevelopmental childhood outcome after early intervention HFOV was normal and not different compared with patients who were treated with CV. Surfactant replacement combined with early HFOV using a lung recruitment strategy ameliorates the acute lung injury in respiratory distress syndrome that predisposes some preterm infants to develop chronic lung disease.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Willingness of health-professions students to treat patients with AIDS.

This 1988-89 survey of 319 students in the medical, dental, nursing, and allied health-care professions revealed that over one-third had some reservations about treating acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Most were unwilling to perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation on patients with AIDS, and most also believed that health-care workers had the right to refuse care to AIDS patients. Unwillingness to treat AIDS patients was strongly associated with homophobic attitudes and concerns that patients with AIDS posed a risk to health professionals. AIDS education for health professionals should emphasize methods for the prevention of HIV infection among health workers, and include teaching strategies designed to deal with the irrational feelings that AIDS often engenders.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Diagnosis of neurofibromatosis I by using tightly linked, flanking DNA markers.

We tested 132 individuals from 21 families segregating an allele for neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1), by using nine RFLPs tightly linked to the NF-1 locus. Family members had requested DNA testing either to determine whether "at risk" children were carrying the NF-1 allele or to determine whether their respective families would be informative for prenatal testing. Predictions about whether a child carries the NF-1 mutation were possible for all 32 at-risk offspring (greater than 98% accuracy based on the recombination estimates currently available for these DNA markers). At least one informative probe was available for all 23 matings in these 21 families; flanking markers were informative for 10 matings. Pairwise analysis showed that several of the polymorphisms were in tight linkage disequilibrium; few recombination events were observed with these markers in the families under study. We conclude that the DNA probes used in this study perform well for diagnostic testing of NF-1 in familial cases. A subset of five probe-enzyme systems (pHHH202/RsaI, p11-3C4.2/MspI, pTH17.19/Bg/II, p11-2C11.7/BamHI, and p11-2F9.8/TaqI) provide reliable linkage information for both clinical testing and prenatal diagnosis.

Alleles↗
PubMed1980

Fetal hydantoin syndrome, neuroblastoma, and hemorrhagic disease in a neonate.

This is the first patient report of maternal ingestion of anticonvulsants associated with the triad of fetal hydantoin syndrome, neuroblastoma, and hemorrhagic disease. The neuroblastoma, a neural crest tumor, is the fourth of such origin reported after in utero exposure to phenytoin, suggesting that phenytoin is a transplacental carcinogen. Infants of epileptic mothers receiving anticonvulsants should be closely examined at birth for the fetal hydantoin syndrome and monitored for hemorrhagic problems. The neural crest tumor may be found at birth or later in childhood.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1975

Long-term maintenance of psoriatic human skin on congenitally athymic (nude) mice.

Transplantation of involved psoriatic and nonpsoriatic human skin onto congenitally athymic (nude) mice has been performed successfully. Although biopsies at selected intervals demonstrate that the excess glycogen deposition normally seen in psoriasis is no longer consistently present, the psoriatic grafts did retain the usual characteristic histologic differences throughout the life of the animal, up to 11 weeks. This grafting procedure potentially represents a useful method whereby the study of psoriasis can be made in a nonhuman, living system.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessing substance abuse among health care students and the efficacy of educational interventions.

Approximately 10 per cent of nurses are chemically dependent, and, for many, substance abuse begins while attending nursing school. Faculty must be able to assess the extent of the problem, understand the contributing factors, recognize signs and symptoms, and use educational interventions in identifying and preventing chemical dependency in nurses. Beginning in 1989, the authors sampled all entering students in four colleges on a health science campus using the Standardized Substance Abuse Attitude Survey and obtained resurvey data from two of the colleges' 1989 entering classes in fall 1991. Each college developed educational interventions. Some clear differences between nursing and pharmacy students emerged and indicated that a greater emphasis on drug and alcohol education can pay dividends. Establishing a data base over a period of more than 2 years provides a foundation to evaluate further interventions.

Alcohol Drinking↗