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Biomedical subjects

B Olsson

Publications and source records attributed to B Olsson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The relationship between the bacterium Streptococcus mutans in the saliva and dental caries in children in Mozambique.

Four hundred and sixty-two children, aged 10-14 years, from eight areas were examined for Streptococcus mutans in saliva and for dental caries. Strep. mutans strains from some samples were further characterized by serological and biochemical methods. Strep. mutans was identified in 98 per cent of the children and 40 per cent showed high counts. Serotypes c and d dominated among the strains. The distribution of Strep. mutans among the children varied between the eight areas but was not correlated with the difference in caries prevalence which ranged from 38 to 88 per cent. In individual children, however, there was an association between high counts of Strep. mutans and the presence of dental caries. Thus, Strep. mutans can be widely distributed and occurs in high numbers in a population with a low prevalence of caries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Behavioral observations concerning differential diagnosis between the Rett syndrome and autism.

The behavior of girls with the Rett syndrome was compared to that of patients with infantile autism (Kanner syndrome) and with autism associated with infantile organic brain damage. Visual, acoustic, tactile and gustatory stimuli, and social contact were used. Motor stereotypes and disturbances were recorded and the mental development was categorized. Behavioral traits were classified into 4 groups: Behavior observed only in the Rett syndrome (at least optionally), Behavior observed in each case of the Rett syndrome (at most optionally in the autistic syndrome), Behavior observed only in the autistic syndrome (at least optionally), Behavior observed in each case of the autistic syndrome (at most optionally in the Rett syndrome). These traits were adequate criteria for differential diagnosis. It was concluded that the Rett syndrome is characterized by definite signs of dementia with almost overall developmental retardation and that it does not show several attributes regularly found in autistic children. A neuropsychological theory was proposed to explain the coming about of specific autistic behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Crossed immunoelectrophoresis and crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis analysis of "yellow jacket-common wasp" (Vespula spp.).

Crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) pattern of Yellow jacket vespid venom showing 25 immunoprecipitates was used in crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE) analysis with sera from 35 subjects allergic to vespid venom. Phospholipase A and B, hyaluronidase, acid and alkaline phosphatases and a lytic active component were demonstrated in immunoprecipitates using zymography and direct haemolysis of sheep erythrocytes. CRIE analysis proved the allergenicity of these proteins. In addition, another antigen (Ag 17) with no detectable enzymatic or lytic activity was identified as an important allergen. This allergen is most likely identical to the previously described Antigen 5 in vespid venoms. By using CIE/CRIE the presence and complexity of multiple forms of the allergenic protein components were well demonstrated.

Allergens↗
PubMed1985

Acetylsalicylic acid and juvenile rheumatoid Arthritis. Effect of dosage interval on the serum salicylic acid level.

A 2-dose regimen and a 3-dose regimen, both with the same daily dose of acetylsalicylic acid, were compared in 8 patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The regimens were given according to a cross-over design. The serum salicylic acid levels over 24 hours were studied at the end of each treatment period. As expected somewhat greater fluctuations in the salicylic acid levels were observed with the 2-dose than with the 3-dose regimen. However, therapeutically effective serum levels were observed for most of the 24 hour period with both regimens. It is suggested that a 2-dose regimen has advantage with regard to simplicity and compliance. The pharmacokinetic findings indicate that a 2-dose regimen may be useful in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Reproducibility and the influence of age on interspecimen determinations of blood pressure in the horse.

1. The reproducibility of blood pressure determinations on 103 male horses gave an average coefficient of variation of 5.0%. 2. Different parameters affecting the methodology of blood pressure measurements were separately analysed; i.e. size of specimen, size of cuff in relationship to tail circumference and temperature of the environment. 3. A strong positive linear correlation between age and blood pressure in the horse was established for two breeds with widely varying genetic background--Swedish Warmbloods and Arabians.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

Decreasing serum salicylate concentrations during long-term administration of acetylsalicylic acid in healthy volunteers. Discussion of possible clinical implications.

The suitability for multiple dosing of two acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) preparations was compared in 8 healthy volunteers. During this study a marked decrease in serum salicylate concentrations with time was observed in 7 of the subjects. These results are presented here. On day 16 of medications, levels were 60-80% of those on day 6. On day 38, when the study was discontinued, the levels had fallen to 50-65% of the values on day 6. The decrease in salicylate concentrations is probably due to induction of the salicyluric acid formation, one of the saturable pathways of salicylate elimination. Because of a narrow therapeutic range and large interindividual differences in salicylate concentrations with the same dose, determination of serum salicylate levels is an important tool in the adjustment of optimum individual ASA therapy. Our findings further emphasize this fact. They indicate that serum salicylate determinations should preferably be repeated a few times after initiation of ASA therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Crossed Immunoelectrophoresis analysis of bee venom. Enzymatic identification of antigens.

Bee venom obtained by electrical stimulation has been analysed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis against high-titer rabbit antibodies. The antigenic analysis of bee venom revealed that the extract contained 17 antigens, which were detected in the crossed immunoelectrophoresis pattern after staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue. The crossed immunoelectrophoresis pattern indicated heterogeneity in several of the antigens, as most of the precipitates (exhibiting enzyme and hemolytic activities) represented multiple forms of phospholipase A, hyaluronidase, acid phosphatase and melittin.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Heavy drug abuse in Sweden 1979 - a national case-finding study.

An investigation was carried out as a case-finding study to estimate the scale of heavy drug abuse in Sweden. Just over 8200 persons were reported as heavy drug abusers, 80% of these as injecting. For the majority of those reported more than one type of drug was indicated. There was concurrent abuse of alcohol by a majority of the heavy drug abusers. After correction of non-response with a modified capture-recapture technique and for erroneous classification, the scale of heavy drug abuse was estimated at 10000 - 14000 persons.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A double-blind comparison of the effects of haloperidol and cis(Z)-clopenthixol in senile dementia.

The therapeutic effects in senile dementia of haloperidol and cis(Z)-clopenthixol were compared in a double-blind, double-dummy clinical 8-week study in 47 demented patients after wash-out periods of 3 weeks or less. Forty patients, most of whom received 0.5 mg haloperidol or 5 mg cis(Z)-clopenthixol, completed the study in which assessments with the geriatric rating scales of Gottfries-Cronholm and Crichton in addition to CGI were done at weeks--3, 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8. With the Gottfries-Cronholm Scale few significant changes from week 0 were seen in the two groups of patients. Significant deteriorations at weeks 1 and 8 in the haloperidol group were, however, registered. The only significant difference between the two groups of patients regarded motor activity which was most positively influenced by cis(Z)-clopenthixol. Accordingly, most results suggesting a difference between the two test drugs were in the favour of cis(Z)-clopenthixol. With the Crichton and the CGi scales changes in the over-all impression of the patients were very few. Side effects were mild and transient.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Adenocarcinoid of the vermiform appendix.

Four cases of adenocarcinoid of the appendix were studied. Two tumours were found among 28 cases primarily diagnosed as appendiceal carcinoids. They showed characteristic histological structures with features of both a conventional carcinoid tumour and a mucinproducing adenocarcinoma with goblet cells. All tumours were small and ill-defined; three were associated with fibrous obliteration of the appendiceal lumen. All were diagnosed incidentally by the pathologist in appendices removed "en passant" or because of acute appendicitis. Three of the tumours appeared well differentiated with a low degree of malignancy similar to that of the conventional carcinoid tumour. In one case however, the tumour was less differentiated with atypical foci and a high mitotic count and had metastasised to peritoneum and both ovaries.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Studies on beta-lactamase in Bacteroides fragilis.

Fifteen strains of Bacteroides fragilis, five highly resistant, five moderately resistant and five sensitive to benzylpenicillin and cephaloridine, were tested for beta-lactamase production. In the highly resistant and the moderately resistant groups of strains, a correlation between formation of beta-lactamase and MIC-values was found. Culture under controlled conditions in stirred fermentors gave higher yields of beta-lactamase than static cultures in bottles. The enzyme had its maximum activity at pH 5.0 and was stable between pH 5.5-8.5. Isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels gave an isoelectric point of 4.9 +/- 0.2 for the enzyme. In the presence of the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid and CP-45.899 at concentrations of 1 microgram/ml, the susceptibility to cephaloridine increased fourfold or more in the beta-lactamase-producing strains. Crypticity measurements (beta-lactamase activity broken/intact cells) with cephaloridine as substrate could indicate a diffusion barrier in the cell wall.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗