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B Osten

Publications and source records attributed to B Osten.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Loss of bone substance in long-term dialysis--the value of serochemical parameters].

During long-term hemodialysis therapy a loss of bone substance--an osteopenia--may occur. The diagnosis is possible by bone biopsy. We have analyzed the bone metabolism-associated serochemical parameters in patients suffering from osteopenia in comparison with patients with normal bone volume. 21 patients were analyzed: 14 females, 7 males, duration of dialysis 44 +/- 29.9 months, age 47.3 +/- 12.5 years. The serum values of calcium, anorganic phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, pH and c-terminal parathormone are determined. The histological bone examination according to the Delling classification did show following distribution: Type I--0, type II--10, type III--10 (without renal osteopenia--1). A quarter of the patients did show a reduction of the bone mass. The parathormone value was significantly reduced in these patients in comparison with patients without osteopenia. No significant changes could observed in the comparison of alkaline phosphatase, serum calcium, anorganic phosphate and pH value. Our results show that in patients with osteopenia the serum parathormone level is reduced relatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical aspects of the use of the artificial kidney].

During the last years the haemodialysis treatment in chronic uraemia has been admirably developed and improved. At now as ever high expenditure for the chronic dialysis programme the capacity at our disposal must optimally be used. For this it is necessary to detoxicate the patients in relatively short times of treatment as effective as possible. But the increase of the efficacy of the haemodialysis is limited, which is revealed in the fact that the patient under the highly effective treatment shows complications such as decrease of blood pressure, muscle spasms, nausea and vomiting as well as headache. The clinical findings of the patient may further depend on the age, on the dialysis technique being at our disposal, on the composition of the dialysis solution, the biocompatibility of the dialysis membrane, the level of the retention values as well as on nutrition, training condition of the patient, psychic factors and others. The scientific efforts for optimization of the haemodialysis treatment have the aim to realize a haemodialysis treatment adapted individually to each patient, in order to treat the individual patient as effective as possible, however, without complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Behavior of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal unit to stimulation with arginine, GnRH and TRH in patients with chronic uremia].

In 11 women aged from 20 to 47 years (average age 33,1 years) with chronic uremia, treated by hemodialysis, a sequential stimulation test (SST) with 0.5 g arginine hydrochloride per kg body weight, 25 micrograms GnRH and 200 micrograms TRH was performed to examine the responsibility of the hypothalamo-pituitary unit. For evaluation of basal and stimulated secretion of PRL, LH, FSH, TSH, and HGH the corresponding serum levels were determined by RIA. 10 of the 11 women showed a galactorrhoea. No correlation between levels of PRL and creatinine could be found. Menstrual disorders in women with chronic uremia are discussed in the context of basal LH serum levels nearly always unphysiologically increased. In a few cases disturbances of basal secretion of TSH and HGH, respectively, could be observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Incidence of bacterial infections during hemodialysis treatment].

44 chronic hemodialysis patients were evaluated over a period of 24 months regarding location and kind of bacterial infection, hospitalization, influence on rehabilitation and the course of infection episodes (IE). During 409,5 dialysis patients months (DPM) we observed 61 IE's, i.e. 14,9 IE per 100 DPM. Out of 59 hospitalization episodes 33 (56%) were due to bacterial infections. 774 from 1559 hospital days were caused by infections. In 6 cases IE was the cause of death. It could be excluded that duration of dialysis treatment, renal disease or uremic complications are correlating with bacterial infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Developmental tendencies of hemadsorption in uremia treatment].

After at first having dealt with the present stage of haemoperfusion in the therapy of chronic renal insufficiency, the developmental tendencies for the haemoadsorbers to be expected are mentioned which in future allow to think of a diminution of the artificial kidney. Own results concerning the behaviour of blood compatibility and the effectivity of different active charcoals show that it is to be reckoned with the further development of unstratified adsorbents or such ones with ultra-thin layer. Comparative examinations of 4 patients from the chronic haemodialytic programme, who were treated for 4 months with the CDAK 1.8 and then for 4 months with the sorbent dialyser 1.3, could not show any essential differences in the behaviour of the low-molecular substances urea, creatinine and uric acid and of the clinical condition of the patients.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1980

[Technics and indications for hemofiltration treatment].

Technique, possibilities of application, advantages and disadvantages of haemofiltration are described. A convective mass transport underlies the method. By this means the elimination of molecules of different size takes place with the same speed and the removal of so-called middle molecules is performed more effectively than in the usual method of dialysis.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1980

[Technic and indication for controlled ultrafiltration].

The isolated ultrafiltration with commercial dialysators gives a possibility of the massive dehydration in a short time without disturbing the well-being of the patient. If in patients undergoing a dialysis a following haemodialysis (sequential ultrafiltration haemodialysis) is necessary, particularly in patients with acute complications hypotonic circulatory conditions may develop. An infusion of a fourfold concentrated human dry plasma during the ultrafiltration may prevent these hypotensions, since reduction of osmolality and losses of circulation-effective substances are prevented during haemodialysis. With the help of this kind of treatment conditions of hyperhydration of different genesis may be removed also in patients with inclination to hypotension.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1980

[Hemodialysis with Bi-Flo cannulas].

It is reported on the use of the double-lumen Bi-Flo-puncture canule in chronic haemodialysis patients. In a sufficient flow through the atrioventricular fistula no significant decrease of the effect of dialysis was the result. It is recommended to render the proof of a perhaps existing shunt volume between the two lumina of the Bi-Flo-canule before the permanent use of it, in case of the existence of an only moderately functioning atrioventricular fistula.

Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗
PubMed1979

[Possibilities of using hemoperfusion in the treatment of chronic kidney insufficiency].

A survey of the administration possibilities of the activated charcoal haemoperfusion in the treatment of the chronic renal insufficiency is given. Various coating methods for activated charcoal as well as important adsorption abilities of the activated charcoal for uraemia-specific metabolites are described in detail. Then comes a classification of the haemoperfusion in the treatment of ureamia. The result is that at present the use of haemoperfusion with activated charcoal in the therapy of uraemia may be regarded only as a supplementary therapy of the haemodialysis and the haemofiltration, respectively.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1978

[Hemodialysis and metabolic disorders].

On the basis of investigations of the water and electrolyte balance, of the protein balance, the lipid metabolism and the hormone metabolism at the instance of aldosterone a concept of specific dialysis-conditioned pathophysiological disturbances is developed in patients undergoing a chronic programma of dialysis. The changes of metabolism induced by apparative therapy have a decisive influence on the pathophysiological mechanisms in the uraemic organism and condition a specific pathophysiology of the patient undergoing dialysis.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1977

Renal biopsies performed on diabetics.

Metabolic disorders and immunological factors are discussed in connection with the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy. Renal biopsies were obtained from 22 diabetics (8 women aged 18 to 53, 14 men aged 15 to 52). 7 of the 22 patients had been suffering from diabetes for 2 weeks to 3 years, 10 for 7 to 25 years, 2 showed a pathological glucose-tolerance test, i.e., they had been "latent" diabetics, and 3 patients, had been so-called "potential" subjects of diabetes due to hereditary traits or delivery of big babies. They were examined by light miroscopy as well as by immunofluorescence microscopy. A number of cases were chosen for the differentiation and counting of glomerular cells (n=8) as well as for electron microscopic (n=7) and polarizing-microscopic (n=6) examinations. Histologically, focal proliferations of mesangial cells as well as an increase in mesangial substance in the glomeruli was found in all cases, although in a varying degree of intensity. These results were confirmed by both the glomuerular cell count and electron-microscopic examination. Immunofluorescence microscopy made it possible to detect frequently both IgA (9/17) and IgG (9/17), usually in either linear or mesangial arrangements whereas it was less frequently possible to detect IgM (1/17) and albumin (1/8) and impossible to detect beta1C in the glomerulus. Labeled insulin was detected five times in the glomerulus. Polarizing-microscopic measurements made in order to discover possible submicroscopic variations in the structure of GBM showed deviations in the average values of anisotropic indices from the controls in the group of long-term diabetics only. The pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy may be described as an inflow of immunoglobulins and serum proteins into the mesangium because of an alteration of the capillary endothelium, the mesangial cell being thus caused to overfunction, proliferate and produce an excess of mesangial matrix. In prolonged diabetes the mesangial cell, so far as its own metabolism is concerned, will finally be affected to the point where its power of synthesis is modified in the sense of an excess and/or faulty composition of GBM (glomerular basement membrane).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Comparative clinical and histological studies in the diagnosis of isolated proteinuria and hematuria].

In 311 patients with clinical suspicion to glomerulonephritis biopsies of the kidneys were performed. In these cases in 82% the histological or tentative diagnosis, respectively, of a glomerulonephritis could be made. As diseases preceding the glomerulonephritis relapsing tonsillitides are occupying the first place, whereas scarlet fever, otitides, furunculoses and sinusitides were observed more infrequently. Clinically cases of oligosymptomatic glomerulonephritis were more frequently observed than monosymptomatic ones. One fifth of the patients exhibited a restricted renal function or a proteinuria of 3 g/24 hours, in which case proliferatively sclerosing, diffusely proliferative and membranaceous forms occupied the first place.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Application of a mathematical model to the penetration of amino acids through a dialysis membrane in chronic hemodialysis].

With the help of a one-pool-model from the clearance values measured for 4 different dialysator models the elimination rates for amino acids are calculated with special regard to the essential amino acids. In these cases the body-weight of the patient also belongs to the calculation of the elimination of the amino acids. The loss of the amino acids under the dialysis procedes corresponding to an e-function and is particularly high during the first period of dialysis.

Amino Acids↗