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B P Stuart

Publications and source records attributed to B P Stuart.

39 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The isolation and identification of several trichothecene mycotoxins from Fusarium heterosporum.

An isolate of Fusarium heterosporum Nees ex Fr. that parasitizes the honeydew and immature sclerotia of Claviceps paspali was shown to be highly toxigenic to day-old chickens. The major toxicity of culture extracts of the fungus was due to the presence of several trichothecene mycotoxins. Six trichothecenes were isolated and chemically identified by spectroscopic methods as T-2 toxin (1), HT-2 toxin (2), T-2 tetraol (6), 3alpha,4beta,dihydroxy-15-acetoxy-8alpha-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene (3), 3alpha,4beta,15-trihydroxy-8alpha-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxytri chothec-9-ene (5), and 3alpha,4beta,8alpha-trihydroxy-15-acetoxy-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene (4). The acute toxicities of the trichothecenes were compared to the effects of T-2 toxin in day-old chickens and on the back skins of rabbits. The comparative inhibitory effects of the trichothecene mycotoxins in the Triticum coleoptile bioassays were also determined.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Proventricular hyperplasia (malabsorption syndrome) in broiler chickens.

A syndrome has occurred in broilers over the past several years in widespread localities, including Georgia, Arkansas, and Texas. Poor feed conversion and delayed marketing are the principle clinical features. Lesions consist of enlargement of the proventriculus, gizzard erosion and dilatation, and decreased spleen and bursa size. Trichothecenes were demonstrated in the rations sampled at several broiler facilities. The clinical features and gross and microscopic changes observed in the field syndrome were duplicated by feeding chicks multiple combinations of a trichothecene mycotoxin (T-2 toxin) with histamines and diamines for 6 to 8 weeks.

Animals↗