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Biomedical subjects

B Pascal

Publications and source records attributed to B Pascal.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Chemoprophylaxis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria by a combination of 100 mg of chloroquine and 200 mg of proguanil per day in a zone III of chloroquine resistance (Gabon). Study of 431 French soldiers].

Incidence of P. falciparum malaria in french non-immune soldiers serving in Gabon for four months has increased from 21% in 1987 to 37% in 1988. Since 1989, in a first step, the personal protection measures were reinforced. Thereafter, the usual chemoprophylaxis (chloroquine 100 mg daily) was replaced by a daily association of chloroquine 100 mg and proguanil 200 mg. A 85% decrease of malaria incidence was observed in 431 soldiers. The effects of the personal protection strengthening and of the new chemoprophylaxis can be evaluated to be respectively responsible for 50% and 71% decrease. Among the secondary effects, gastric pain was the most frequent, but it was never a cause of chemoprophylaxis stopping. The mouth ulcer frequency was far lower than that elsewhere reported. No significant biological abnormalities could be related to the chloroquine-proguanil association.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The vulvar clinic].

Until recently, vulvar diseases have not been given sufficient attention by gynecologists. This might be attributable to the timidity of patients with chronic vulvar pruritus, tumor or dyspareunia, which delays diagnosis and treatment. In addition, the nomenclature of vulvar disease was complicated by having been adapted from various dermatological disorders. Only following the establishment of the International Society for the Study of Vulvar Disease (ISSVD) and of specialized clinics, has awareness increased and more attention is now being paid to vulvar disorders. The findings in 242 patients seen during the first year of operation of a vulvar clinic were analyzed. The most common presenting symptom was chronic vulvar pruritus. Non-neoplastic epithelial disorder (dystrophy) was the most common histological finding in the 79 women with pruritus, while 2 were diagnosed as having vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, and 1 had basal cell carcinoma. In contrast, vulvar vestibulitis was the main diagnosis in 34 women referred for vulvar pain (vulvodynia). Vulvodynia was also associated with other inflammatory processes and with human papilloma virus (HPV) lesions (condylomata). The primary finding in 26 women referred for evaluation of a vulvar "tumor" was epidermal cyst. In only 55 (75.5%) of the 73 referred for suspected HPV lesions was the histologic diagnosis confirmatory. In addition, a few vulvar ulcers were associated with HPV. A single treatment with carbon dioxide laser eradicated the HPV lesions in 93% of the cases. The vulvar clinic contributes to the ambulatory gynecological service by concentrating diagnosis and treatment in a single specialized unit and increases understanding of, and interest in vulvar disease.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1987

Outpatient diagnostic endometrial aspiration curettage with a new aspiration curette.

During a period of 2 years (1981-1982), 226 outpatient endometrial aspiration curettages (EACs) were performed with a new aspiration curette that had been developed by the authors. All patients had risk for general anesthesia. From 17 of them, endometrial polyps were removed by the EAC. Endometrial carcinoma was diagnosed in eight others, adenomatous hyperplasia in four, and cystic hyperplasia in two women. The main advantage of the new curette is the ability to aspirate endometrial polyps through its modified opening.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Inhibitors of urinary stone formation in 40 recurrent stone formers.

The excretion of four inhibitors of urinary stone formation (zinc, magnesium, citrates and glycosaminoglycans (GAG) was studied in 20 normal controls and 40 recurrent calcium stone formers who were placed on a fixed diet restricted in calcium, oxalates and purines. We were unable to show any abnormality in the excretion of Zn, Mg or GAG. In 11 patients, a low level of urinary citrate was a significant feature that was associated in most cases with a urinary pH value above 6. Citrate concentration (per litre) and output (per 24 h) were found to be lower than in the controls in 19 and 33% respectively of the determinations. The overall ratio of average urinary citrate concentration in patients and controls was 0.56, a figure in agreement with previous data.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ambulatory removal of cervical polyps under colposcopy.

Hospitalization, polypectomy, and D&C under general anesthesia, are the usual way to treat a cervical polyp. This article describes a simple, ambulatory way of performing polypectomy under colposcopic vision, with no need for hospitalization and general anesthesia. The paper summarizes our experience with this method in 96 patients. Our conclusion is that this simple procedure spares the patient general anesthesia, D&C, and unnecessary hospitalization with attendant expense.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Congenital uterine malformations as indication for cervical suture (cerclage) in habitual abortion and premature delivery.

Fifteen women with diminished fertility as a result of congenital uterine anomalies were treated by cervical suture (cerclage) in the 11th-12th week of pregnancy without surgical correction of the uterine anomaly. None of these women had either clinical or radiological evidence of cervical incompetence. As a result of the treatment, 13 of the women delivered live full-term mature infants. None of the women aborted, only two women delivered prematurely, and both infants were alive and well. Comparison of these good results to the very poor outcome of previous pregnancies in these women points to a distinct advantage to be gained by cervical suture. As a result of this experience, we recommend cervical suture in cases of diminished fertility as a result of congenital uterine anomaly. We recommend that the suture be performed before considering surgical repair of the anomaly and irrespective of lack of evidence of cervical incompetence. Only in cases where cervical suture is unsuccessful, would we recommend surgical correction according to the accepted techniques.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1983

[Results of reconstructive surgery of renal artery stenosis in children].

The authors report their experience of 20 cases of renal artery stenosis in children, seen over the last ten years. The stenosis was latent in 8 of the 20 cases and was usually discovered during investigation for headaches or a complication of hypertension. The search for a renal cause involved the use of urography (which shows the classical signs of asymmetrical kidney size, delayed excretion, very sharp image, asymmetry on the fluid load test) (19 of the 20 cases) and arteriography which, in 5 cases, showed a bilateral lesion. Almost all of the anatomical lesions were situated in the arterial trunk (20 out of 25), 4 lesions were at the bifurcation of the trunk and only one lesion involved a branch. The most common lesions were dysplasia and hyperplasia of the arterial wall. These lesions were treated by aorto-renal by-pass grafting (without any synthetic prosthesis) in 8 cases, by direct re-implantation into the aorta in 5 cases, by spleno-renal anastomosis in 5 cases, by resection and anastomosis in 4 cases, by enlargement venous angioplasty in 1 case and by auto-transplantation in 1 case. The following results were obtained: 9 cures (45%), 3 moderate results (15%) and 8 failures (40%), including 7 cases of early thrombosis and 1 delayed stenosis. The cases treated by direct aorto-renal re-implantation or by resection and end-to-end anastomosis were always successful. The failures occurred in children operated by one of the other techniques of arterial repair. Surgery provided these authors with excellent or satisfactory results in 60% of cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Obstructive posterior urethral valves. A series of 82 cases].

The authors report their experience gained from a series of 82 cases of severe posterior urethral valves with distension of the upper urinary tract. From analysis of their own series and from a study of the literature, they propose a therapeutic approach to these severe forms. Vesico-ureteral reflux was present in 45% of cases. Once the patency of the bladder neck and urethra was restored, 41% of these cases of reflux disappeared spontaneously and 25% persisted but were well tolerated. Only 13 ureters (29.5%) had to be re-implanted. The cases of ureteral distension without reflux had a similar favourable course after removal of the obstruction of the lower urinary tract. 57% of the dilated ureters resolved or were greatly improved and 11% persisted but were well tolerated. Simple treatment of the valves meant that ureterovesical re-implantation was avoided in 68% of cases. The overall results of uretero-vesical re-implantation were mediocre: out of 32 re-implanted ureters, there were only 15 successes (46.9%), 13 cases (40.6%) were unchanged and there were 4 failures (12.5%). The authors recommend the simple treatment of the posterior valves and suggest careful consideration of the indications for ureterovesical re-implantations in children with abnormal bladder and ureters proximal to the posterior urethral valves.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Accidental urethral rupture during coitus].

Emergency surgery in three cases of accidental urethral rupture during coitus involved suture of the tunica albuginea corpus cavernosum and immediate repair of the urethra under cover of a urethral guide and a cystostomy. The three perfect results obtained, with normal micturition and more particularly normal erections, together with data from reports in the published literature, strongly suggest the need for urgent repair of traumatic lesions of the corpora cavernosae during coitus. The possibility of a urethral rupture makes urgent operation even more essential, before the patient urinates, to avoid transformation of a traumatic hematoma into a urohematoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of infiltrating cancers of the bladder. Preliminary results in 25 cases].

Twenty-five cases of invasive carcinoma of the bladder treated by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are discussed. Cis-diammine dichloroplatinum (CDDP) was used in 8 cases, bleomycin in perfusion in 6 cases and a combination of CDDP and adriamycin in 11 cases. Of 8 cases with lymph node invasion, 4 are alive 5 to 21 months after the start of treatment. Of 12 who were followed up and has no nodal involvement, 9 are alive 5 to 52 months from the start of treatment. The tolerance to treatment is poor, but the results are encouraging. Therefore, we suggest a program of treatment consisting of intense preoperative radiotherapy, partial or radical cystectomy, followed by an combination of 100 mg of CDDP and 60 mg of adriamycin monthly for 9 months.

Aged↗