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B Paterson

Publications and source records attributed to B Paterson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

A cell initiating human acute myeloid leukaemia after transplantation into SCID mice.

Most human acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells have limited proliferative capacity, suggesting that the leukaemic clone may be maintained by a rare population of stem cells. This putative leukaemic stem cell has not been characterized because the available in vitro assays can only detect progenitors with limited proliferative and replating potential. We have now identified an AML-initiating cell by transplantation into severe combined immune-deficient (SCID) mice. These cells homed to the bone marrow and proliferated extensively in response to in vivo cytokine treatment, resulting in a pattern of dissemination and leukaemic cell morphology similar to that seen in the original patients. Limiting dilution analysis showed that the frequency of these leukaemia-initiating cells in the peripheral blood of AML patients was one engraftment unit in 250,000 cells. We fractionated AML cells on the basis of cell-surface-marker expression and found that the leukaemia-initiating cells that could engraft SCID mice to produce large numbers of colony-forming progenitors were CD34+ CD38-; however, the CD34+ CD38+ and CD34- fractions contained no cells with these properties. This in vivo model replicates many aspects of human AML and defines a new leukaemia-initiating cell which is less mature than colony-forming cells.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase↗
PubMed1994

Violence at work.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Emergency Service, Hospital↗
PubMed1994

The view from within: perspectives of clinical teaching.

This article presents the findings of a year-long exploratory and descriptive research study designed to explore and describe the perspectives of six Canadian nurse educators regarding clinical teaching. A perspective consists of a teacher's theoretical, knowledge and value claims in regard to teaching. The participants' perspectives revealed how they intended to teach in the clinical area, as well as how they perceived and responded to situations which arose in clinical learning experiences. The research highlights the need to explore the possible consequences of teachers' value and knowledge claims with all clinical teachers, particularly novices.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1994

Caring in nursing education: an analysis.

Caring has been cited by many authors as the core value of nurse educator-student relationships. Others have discussed the need for caring to be translated and transmitted in the practices of nursing education. However, a clear conceptualization of what caring in nursing education is and how it is transmitted to students does not yet exist. The following is an exploration of the concept of caring in nursing education as it is revealed in nursing research and literature. The authors present a critical analysis of the definitions, objectives, attributes and constraints of caring in nursing education. What is currently known and perceived about caring in nursing education, as well as what is not known and what needs to be known, is highlighted. Imperatives for future research are identified.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1993

Two new Drosophila genes related to human hematopoietic and neurogenic transcription factors.

We have identified two new basic domain helix-loop-helix (bHLH) genes in Drosophila melanogaster, DroSCL and DroNHLH. DroSCL was identified because of its homology to the mammalian hematopoietic transcription factor SCL. DroNHLH was similarly identified by homology to NHLH1 and NHLH2, two bHLH genes expressed in the developing mammalian nervous system. A partial DroSCL complementary DNA clone was obtained from an early pupal (5.5-7.5-day) Drosophila library. DroSCL is 73% identical to SCL within the 55-amino acid region of the bHLH domain. A DroNHLH complementary DNA clone was obtained from an early instar (I and II) Drosophila library. Its coding region consists of 162 amino acids and encodes a predicted protein of 18,312 daltons. DroNHLH is 87% identical to NHLH1 and NHLH2 within the bHLH domain. DroSCL and DroNHLH are located on the X chromosome. A 1.7-kilobase DroSCL transcript and a 1.5-kilobase DroNHLH transcript were detected by Northern analysis of total Drosophila RNA. Examination of Drosophila embryos by tissue in situ hybridization reveals restricted expression of both genes in a subset of cells in the developing central nervous system.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

An evaluation of a training course in the short-term management of violence.

Few comprehensive studies have been carried out regarding the nature and extent of violence towards staff in the caring professions. Scarcer still are studies which have thoroughly evaluated the impact of training in the management of violent and aggressive behaviour. Against this background, the following paper describes an evaluation of a 10-day in-service education course in the short-term management of violence. Set within an AB design, a combination of questionnaires and video rated role plays were used to investigate the impact of the training on the knowledge, effect and behaviour of course participants in two groups (N = 25). Results in most areas indicate that positive and significant changes have been brought about. Directions for future research in this area are identified and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Hypothalamic expression of a novel gene product, VGF: immunocytochemical analysis.

VGF is the designation for a new 712 amino acid protein, regulated by nerve growth factor (NGF) in PC12 cells, that has not been previously described in the CNS. Northern blot analysis with a nick-translated VGF cDNA probe revealed a single band of mRNA in the brain with a molecular weight identical to that found in PC12 cells. The current paper presents a series of immunocytochemical studies of VGF expression with a focus on the hypothalamus. Two different antisera were raised against nonoverlapping amino acid sequences of a bacterial-expressed protein from the VGF gene cloned from PC12 cells. VGF immunoreactivity is strongly expressed in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), particularly in the dorsomedial part of the nucleus. The administration of colchicine to block axonal transport facilitates detection of the VGF immunoreactivity also in the ventrolateral suprachiasmatic nucleus. This protein appears to be the first one of limited neuronal distribution which is found in both dorsomedial SCN and ventrolateral SCN. Immunostaining of serial 1 micron SCN sections reveals co-localization of VGF in cells which also contain vasopressin or vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Weaker immunoreactivity is also found in the magnocellular paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei, where the VGF immunoreactivity co-localizes with oxytocin or vasopressin. Mutant Brattleboro rats which do not express vasopressin showed strong VGF immunoreactivity both in the dorsomedial SCN and in cells of the magnocellular neuronal systems, including cells which normally express vasopressin. When axonal transport of the protein is blocked by colchicine, VGF-immunoreactive cells in the hypothalamic arcuate, parvocellular paraventricular, and tuberomammillary nuclei can also be detected, in addition to weakly immunoreactive scattered cells in the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, and cortex. VGF immunoreactivity is strong in the axonal projections of SCN and weak in the axons of the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. With ultrastructural studies, VGF immunoreactivity is found in presynaptic boutons in the SCN and in axons in the neurohypophysis. Weak axonal staining is present in some regions of the hypothalamus and in the external and internal zones of the median eminence. Immunoreactivity is absent from the intermediate lobe of the hypophysis. In neonatal rats strong VGF immunoreactivity is found throughout the SCN at postnatal day 4 but not in the adjacent hypothalamus. VGF immunoreactivity is also seen in other areas of the brain in neonatal rats, including the lateral geniculate nucleus; while the staining in the dorsal lateral geniculate disappears in the adult, that in the intergeniculate leaflet, a visual center which projects to the SCN, remains.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Differential binding of a CCAAT DNA binding factor to the promoters of the mouse alpha 2(I) and alpha 1(III) collagen genes.

An exonuclease III assay (Wu, C. (1985) Nature 317, 84-87) was used to identify in nuclear extracts of NIH 3T3 cells a factor which binds to the CCAAT segment of the alpha 2(I) collagen promoter between -80 and -84. This sequence is located on the coding strand in the alpha 2(I) collagen promoter. Binding is specific since only promoter fragments which contain the CCAAT box sequences on one or the other DNA strand inhibit binding to the alpha 2(I) collagen CCAAT box. The CCAAT binding factor protects approximately 26 base pairs of the alpha 2(I) collagen promoter from exonuclease III digestion. Binding to the alpha 2(I) collagen promoter CCAAT box is not inhibited by a fragment of the alpha 1(III) collagen promoter (from -396 to +16), which does not contain a CCAAT sequence on either one or the other strand. Our data suggest that two genes such as the alpha 2(I) and alpha 1(III) collagen genes, which are coordinately expressed in many tissues, are not necessarily regulated by the same trans-acting DNA binding proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Use of haptenizing ELISA to evaluate respiratory disease in a worker exposed to capacitor-coating powder.

We were asked to evaluate respiratory disease in a worker exposed to a powder containing unidentified components that was heated and used to coat capacitors. Because the powder was used as a coating material, we hypothesized that the capacitor-coating powder (CCP) contained either an anhydride or an isocyanate. We modified the initial step of a standard ELISA so that we could use CCP as a hapten in this assay. With this modified ELISA technique and inhibition analysis with antisera of known specificity, we determined that CCP contained a substance that cross-reacted with trimellitic anhydride. Later, we confirmed from the manufacturer that it contained benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride. With the modified ELISA assay we also determined that the worker we were to evaluate did not have antibody to CCP or trimellitic anhydride. From clinical and immunologic evaluation we diagnosed chronic obstructive lung disease. Thus, this modified assay has proved useful in the evaluation of a worker exposed to a powder whose contents were not initially known and may prove useful in immunologic evaluation of workers in other industrial settings.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Studies of parallel barrier performance by acoustical modeling.

An investigation is presented into the performance of parallel barrier configurations, using acoustical scale modeling. A realistic geometry is investigated, with the source being positioned over a paved roadway and the receiver over grass-covered ground. The grass-covered ground surface was properly modeled in terms of its impedance. Results were obtained for a range of barrier types, and demonstrate that frequency dependent effects are evident in barrier insertion loss data. In most cases, the barrier on the far side of the source did not significantly affect sound levels at the receiver. The most effective barrier design was found to be that of a gradual grass-covered slope up to an upright, thin barrier.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1977

Messenger RNA for myosin polypeptides: isolation from single myogenic cell cultures.

Messenger RNA which stimilates the synthesis of myosin heavy chain in a reticulocyte lysate has been isolated from single myogenic cell cultures. Specific myosin polypeptides have been identified by immunoprecipitation with an antibody made to purified adult chicken skeletal muscle myosin. This mRNA binds to oligo(dT)-cellulose, and an active fraction from sucrose gradients migrates as 26S on formamide-polyacrylamide gels. The relative amount of this RNA increases dramatically at the time of terminal differentiation.

Cell Differentiation↗