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Biomedical subjects

B Philipson

Publications and source records attributed to B Philipson.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Heparin surface modified intraocular lenses. Three-month follow-up of a randomized, double-masked clinical trial.

Two types of intraocular lenses (IOLs) were used in a controlled, randomized, double-masked clinical trial. The study lens was a one-piece, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) lens with heparin grafted on the entire surface. The control lens was identical in all respects but lacked the heparin surface. The IOLs were implanted in the capsular bag after extracapsular cataract extraction in 266 patients. No unexpected reactions or severe complications occurred. The postoperative visual acuity of all cases at the three-month visit was 20/40 or better in 91.6% of the heparin group and in 86.2% of the control group. When excluding cases with preoperative pathology, 97% of the heparin group and 95% of the control group had a visual acuity of 20/40 or better. A mild iritis was observed in one case of the heparin group and in four cases of the control group at three months. At three months there was a statistically significant difference between the heparin surface modified and control IOLs for both the number of patients with cellular precipitates and the number of precipitates per IOL. From the present data we conclude that during the first three postoperative months heparin surface modified lenses are more biocompatible than PMMA lenses.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Cellular reactions on heparin surface-modified versus regular PMMA lenses during the first postoperative month. A double-masked and randomized study using specular microphotography.

Specular microscopy was used for investigation of cellular reactions on the intraocular lens (IOL) anterior surface of Heparin surface-modified (HSM) versus regular polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) lenses (Pharmacia types 700C versus 700B, respectively). The double-masked randomized study included 53 patients investigated at 1 and 4 weeks postoperatively. Giant cells were only found on control lenses and more frequently at 4 weeks. Small cells were found on both lens types, but in a higher frequency on the control lenses. The number of small cells decreased during the first 4 weeks on both the control and HSM lenses. However, those control lenses that had giant cells on their surface showed an increase in the number of small cells during the same time. The results of the current study show that HSM lenses give rise to less postoperative inflammatory cellular reactions than regular PMMA lenses.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

A superficial corneal lesion of unknown origin.

Three patients are described showing corneal changes of unknown origin previously not described. The changes consist of discrete opacities mostly located in the epithelium of the cornea. The opacities are arranged in a continuous are originating from the limbus with the vertex extending towards the optic zone. The cornea inside and outside the arc was normal during the early stages of the disease. In two of the cases a progress of the changes were recorded and a stromal opacity developed inside the arc. The three cases were all unilateral. Bacterial and fungal cultures, virus isolation, several blood tests, serology and immunological tests have been negative. Light- and electron microscopy of biopsied material show intracellular specific epithelial cell changes in the form of perinuclear vacuoles. None of the treatments tried were successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Heparin surface modified intraocular lenses--a one-year follow-up of a safety study.

PMMA intraocular lenses have been modified by bonding a monolayer of Heparin molecules to the surface. These Heparin surface modified (HSM) IOLs were implanted in the capsular bag after extracapsular cataract extraction. Sixty-six patients were followed for 12 months in an open safety study. No unexpected reactions or severe complications occurred. Eighty-nine per cent of the patients obtained a visual acuity (VA) of 0.5 or more at the 12-month visit. When excluding cases with preoperative pathology only one case (1.5%) had less VA than 0.5. A mild postoperative iritis was seen during the first week after surgery, and in only three cases at a later visit. Cell precipitates were seen in a small number of cases. From this study and from earlier in vitro and in vivo animal studies we draw the conclusion that the Heparin surface modified IOLs are safe for implantation in human eyes.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Fish-eye disease. A new familial condition with massive corneal opacities and dyslipoproteinaemia.

A man and his three daughters had massive corneal opacities called in their home village "fish-eye disease" because of the resemblance of the eyes to those of boiled fish. The two living daughters had the same dyslipoproteinaemia, characterised by normal serum cholesterol but raised serum triglycerides, raised very-low-density lipoproteins, strikingly high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) triglycerides. LDL contained normal sized as well as abnormally large particles and a 90% reduction in the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity and the percentage of plasma cholesterol esters were normal, with excluded LCAT-deficiency. Normal electrophoretic mobility of HDL as well as other lipoprotein findings excluded Tangier disease. The clinical and laboratory abnormalities in fish-eye disease are atherosclerosis at old age, visual impairment, and dense corneal opacification. Fish-eye disease thus differs both clinically and in its lipoprotein abnormalities from LCAT-deficiency and Tangier disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Absorption studies in patients six to 10 years after construction of ileostomy reservoirs.

The absorption of fat, bile salts, and vitamin B12 was studied in 14 proctocolectomised patients six to 10 years after construction of a continent ileostomy. All patients were in excellent health and displayed no signs of malnutrition. Schilling test disclosed subnormal absorption of vitamin B12 in one patient and borderline values in five. Faecal loss of bile acid was increased in 12 patients and fat malabsorption occurred in two. Except for slightly pathological liver tests in two patients, routine laboratory tests, including plasma concentration of vitamin B12 and folic acid, were normal. There were no signs of sodium or potassium depletion.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hypocalcaemia with zonular cataract due to idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. With a note on the prevalence of severe hypocalcaemia in a health screening.

A 59-year-old woman with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism who had tetany and zonular cataract is described. Twelve years ago she had had a period with cramps and convulsions, followed by an absence of symptoms for several years. Judging from the distance between the opacity of cataract and the surface of the lens, the onset of the cataract was estimated to have occurred 11 years ago and the apparent cessation of cataract development 10 years ago. It is suggested that the absence of hypocalcaemic symptoms during the last 10 years was associated with an increase in serum calcium levels, possibly connected with the onset of menopause. The occurrence of hypocalcaemia was analyzed in a health-screened population of 15 903 persons. Nine of the subjects were found to have a serum calcium level of less than 2.10 mmol/l, giving a prevalence of 0.6%0. None had primary hypoparathyroidism, which illustrates the rarity of this condition.

Cataract↗
PubMed1977

Ileostomy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Vitamin B12 absorption in patients with continent ileostomy.

Vitamin B12 absorption was studied in 34 patients, 10 months to 6 years after construction of a continent ileostomy. Normal Schilling test values (greater than 10 percent) were obtained in 21 of the cases after a single determination. Repeated tests showed a normal B12 absorption in 8 of the 13 patients who had revealed a Schilling test value below 10 percent at the first determination. In the remaining 5 patients, repeated Schilling tests showed borderline values (5-10 percent) in 4 cases and a low value (mean 4.5 percent) in one case. One of the patients with borderline values had previously undergone resection of 80 cm of the terminal ileum. When vitamin B12-intrinsic factor complex was instilled directly into the reservoir in 3 patients, it was found that the vitamin was absorbed by the mucous membrane of the reservoir. The construction of a continent ileostomy reservoir thus does not appear to expose the patient to an increased risk of developing vitamin B12 malabsorption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Mucosal morphology, bacteriology, and absorption in intra-abdominal ileostomy reservoir.

Six patients who had undergone proctocolectomy and been provided with intra-abdominal ileostomy reservoirs were studied in intervals during the 24 postoperative months. The studies included the mucosal morphology, bacteriology, and the local absorption in the reservoir. The results showed that the mucous membrane of the terminal ileal segment used for construction of the reservoir underwent morphological changes characterized by an increased cell turnover and a shortening of the villi. These changes in morphological structure took place rather promptly after construction of the reservoir. No indications for a continuously progressing process could be found. The brushborder was intact and no cellular lesions were discovered. Soon after construction the reservoir was inhabited by a microbial flora which held an intermediate position between the flora of effluent from conventional ileostomies and normal faeces. The flora remained rather stable in the reservoir. In spite of the new microbial ecology and the morphological changes, the reservoir mucous membrane did retain absorptive capacity for D-xylose and phenylalanine.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1975

Morphology in the cat ileal mucosa following construction of an ileal reservoir or transposition of patches to different locations.

In an attempt to examine the response of the ileal mucosa to different noxious environments and to correlate the results with findings in human continent ileostomy reservoirs, cat intestine was subjected to various operative procedures: first, ileal reservoirs were constructed in continuity with the small intestine, a technique that was slightly different from that employed in human subjects, and secondly, segments or patches of ileum were transposed to the colon, the urinary bladder, or the jejunum. Morphometric evaluation was subsequently performed on these samples. The mucosa of the reservoir revealed a decrease in villus height accompanied by an increased mitotic index. Identical changes were observed when ileal segments or patches were inserted in the colon, whilst transposition to the urinary bladder resulted in similar but more pronounced alterations. When ileal patches from the colon or urinary bladder were replaced in the jejunum, the villi were once again enlarged. The epithelial cells remained normal in all cases except following transposition to the urinary bladder, where flattening of the cells or partial denudation of the villus tips was encountered. The changes observed represent a classical hyper-regenerative transformation of the mucosa, and correspond closely with the changes recorded in human continent ileostomy reservoirs. Furthermore, the reversibility of such alterations has been demonstrated. The experimental design permitted the exclusion of intraluminal pressure, dilatation, and nervous and vascular derangements as the cause of the transformation; it is concluded that the intraluminal environment is the factor most probably responsible for such structural alterations.

Animals↗