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Biomedical subjects

B R Hanestad

Publications and source records attributed to B R Hanestad.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Self-reported quality of life and the effect of different clinical and demographic characteristics in people with type 1 diabetes.

The aims of the present study were to describe how people with type 1 diabetes experienced their quality of life and to examine the effect of the different background characteristics of sex, age, social status, education, disease duration. HbA1 levels, regimen and the frequency of complications on self-reported quality of life. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of 28 items measuring satisfaction within the physical, psychological, social and activity/behavioural life-domain and 11 well-being scales was completed by 247 patients with type 1 diabetes who consecutively attended a Norwegian diabetes clinic. Main findings from the study showed that over 80% of patients reported their capacity for self-care, general well-being, satisfaction with life and social contacts to be quite good or better. Forty five percent of patients perceived their life situation to be negatively effected due to diabetes. Multivariate analysis showed that living alone had a negative effect on satisfaction in the physical, social and psychological life-domain. Higher levels of HbA1 were associated with reported lower satisfaction within the physical and activity/behavioural life-domain. The effect of the different background characteristics on reported well-being showed no consistent pattern. These findings indicate that the majority of patients in this study experienced a satisfactory quality of life despite living with a chronic illness such as diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The effects of participation in a support group on self-assessed quality of life in people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of participation in a support group on self-assessed quality of life. Based on an initial self-report assessment of quality of life 25 people were allocated to 5 groups comprising 4-6 participants (intervention group) and 36 controls. The support groups met fort-nightly for 6 months and were facilitated by the investigator and a diabetic nurse specialist. Group processes were aimed at alleviating distress and improve satisfaction with life and included installation of hope, imparting information and group cohesiveness. Both the intervention and control group completed the quality of life measure at the end of 6 months. There were no significant differences between the intervention and control group on background characteristics or quality of life pre-test scores. No significant differences were found between the intervention and control group on difference in pre and post-test scores, indicating that support group participation did not effect self-assessed quality of life. This finding may be due to methodological issues i.e. selection, sample size and the instrument used, the implementation of the intervention and/or the concept of quality of life as an outcome variable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Quality of life connected with nursing practice and research--some challenges].

Quality of life is increasingly being recognized as an important outcome in patient care. In spite of the popularity of the concept, its use is not without difficulties. Because quality of life is a subjective phenomenon it is not easy to define, as no gold standard exists as to what is a good life. This has resulted in different definitions of quality of life as well as discrepancies of design and development of instruments to measure the construct within different sciences. The usefulness of quality of life within nursing research and practice is dependent on: 1) the way the concept is defined and operationalized, 2) the clinical relevance of the questions raised in the study, 3) study design and 4) further methodological development.

Concept Formation↗
PubMed1992

The stability of quality of life experience in people with type 1 diabetes over a period of a year.

The aim of the present study was to examine the stability of self-reported quality of life experience over a period of 1 year using a standard measure consisting of 29 items measuring satisfaction in the physical, social, psychological and behavioural/activity life domains and 11 well-being scales. One hundred and six people with Type 1 diabetes attending a Norwegian diabetes clinic participated in the study. At first and second assessment, questionnaires were administered and completed at the diabetes clinic. Regression coefficients for the linear relationship between the assessments were relatively high indicating stability in reported quality of life experience over a period of 1 year. Comparisons between subjects experiencing life events relating to personal and/or family problems during the 12-month period and those not showed that, in addition to stability coefficients being relatively high for both groups, the majority of the stability coefficients for the group reporting life events were not significantly different from the stability for the group reporting no life events.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Quality of life, perceived difficulties in adherence to a diabetes regimen, and blood glucose control.

The first aim of the present study was to investigate if self-assessed quality of life was associated with perceived difficulties in adherence to a regimen, and the second, if perceived difficulties in adherence were associated with poor blood glucose control. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 247 patients with Type 1 self-administered questionnaire was completed by 247 patients with Type 1 diabetes who consecutively attended a Norwegian diabetes clinic. Results from multiple linear regression analysis indicated that a higher level of quality of life was associated with greater perceived ease of adherence to the regimen. Adherence to control of smoking, increased physical exercise, and control of weight and diet were perceived as most difficult. Analysis of covariance showed that women who perceived difficulties in adherence to self-care behaviour had on average less satisfactory blood glucose control than those reporting less difficulty in adherence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Self-assessed quality of life and metabolic control in persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).

The aim of the study was to analyse the association between satisfaction with life and glycosylated haemoglobulin (HbA1). A quality of life questionnaire was administered to 247 persons with IDDM at a Diabetic Clinic in Bergen, Norway. The material was divided into two groups depending on their level of HbA1; HbA1 greater than 0.09 was labelled poorly regulated and a level of HbA1 less than or equal to 0.09 was labelled well regulated. The groups were compared with regard to different life domains and well-being scales. The statistical analysis showed that the well-regulated group had significantly higher average scores considering the somatic and activity/behavioural life domain ratings, the latter being only significantly different among people with higher education. The well-regulated group had lower average scores in the psychological and social life domain ratings, but these differences were not statistically significant. Among the well-being scales we found a statistically significant difference between poor and well-regulated persons only regarding sociability and loneliness. Well-regulated persons felt on average less sociable and more lonely than poorly-regulated persons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Errors of measurement affecting the reliability and validity of data acquired from self-assessed quality of life.

Research often uses self-assessed quality of life. Quality of life cannot be observed directly; other variables have to serve as its indicators. In the case of self-assessed quality of life, the researcher has to rely upon the individual's own statement as to how she/he feels. The subjective nature of the term creates problems in the matter of reliability and validity of the data thus collected. Random and systematic errors of measurement are liable to influence the result of the investigations. The researcher must know the possible sources of error and make allowances for them if research into quality of life is to be a worthwhile contribution to a greater understanding of what is meant by having a good life, and of the means to achieve it.

Affect↗
PubMed1989

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and quality of life. A theoretical analysis.

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) affects the overall life situation of the individual. The term "quality of life" means each individual person's estimation of what it means to have a good life. There are many aspects of diabetes which will influence to a greater or lesser extent each individual's degree of satisfaction with his/her life. This theoretical analysis shows that there is no direct connection between reduced quality of life and IDDM. There is a need, however, for empirical investigations which will provide a better understanding of the relationship between quality of life and IDDM.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The norwegian version of the psoriasis disability index--a validation and reliability study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to translate the Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI) into Norwegian and validate it in a Norwegian setting. The PDI is a measure that was developed to assess the impact of psoriasis on the patient's life. METHODS: Two hundred and eighty-two patients with psoriasis were included in the study (80% outpatients, and 20% hospitalized). RESULTS: Face and content validity were assessed as satisfactory. The PDI seems to capture issues of importance to patients. The results indicate that the PDI does not capture a unidimensional concept. A factor analysis (principal component with orthogonal rotation) resulted in three factors (physical, social, and hygienic) that were substantially different. All three factors had satisfactory internal consistency. Altogether they explained 58% of the variance. In addition, there were differing patterns of correlations with external criteria, such as dimensions of SF-36, as well as with sex, age, and education. CONCLUSIONS: The PDI has been found to have acceptable reliability in this study. However, further validation is necessary to estimate the sensitivity to change.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coping with exacerbation in psoriasis and eczema prior to admission in a dermatological ward.

Chronic dermatologic diseases, such as psoriasis and eczema, may cause significant psycho-social problems and stress. Our objectives were to characterize how hospitalised patients coped with psoriasis and eczema, and to investigate the relationship between coping and quality of life. Data are based on survey forms completed upon admission to the dermatology ward from 212 patients with chronic dermatological diseases, 146 with psoriasis and 66 with eczema. 108 were men, average age 48 years. The Norwegian versions of the standardized survey questionnaires, Jalowiec Coping Scale and Dermatological Life Quality Index, were used to evaluate coping and quality of life. We found that optimism, belief-in-oneself and confrontational coping strategies were most frequently used. Long duration of the disease was correlated to the belief-in-oneself strategy, while short duration was related to supportive strategies. More frequent use of confrontational and optimistic modes was significantly related to better quality of life. More frequent use of emotional and evasive modes was significantly related to poorer quality of life. There was no significant difference between the psoriasis and eczema groups in terms of use of coping strategies, with exception of emotional strategies. Knowledge of coping strategies and quality of life among patients with chronic dermatological diseases is important for improvement in health services for these patients.

Adaptation, Psychological↗