Biomedical subjects
B Rémond
Publications and source records attributed to B Rémond.
2 cases of urticaria following fruit ingestion, with cross-sensitivity to latex.
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[Squamous cell carcinoma and disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis].
Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis was first described by Chernosky and Anderson in 1969. It is characterized by multiple small keratotic lesions on sun-exposed areas beginning in the third of fourth decade. The development of a squamous cell carcinoma within lesions of porokeratosis or the association of superficial actinic porokeratosis with immunosuppression have been well documented. We report the case of a 68-year-old patient who presented actinic porokeratosis associated with rapidly evolutive squamous cell carcinoma of the leg. During the hospitalization, an IgA myeloma was discovered. The authors discuss the relationship between porokeratosis, immunosuppression, and squamous cell carcinoma. Pathogenesis of the lesions is interesting because it is admitted that a keratinocyte clone which carries the porokeratosis abnormality is going to proliferate because of immunosuppression, trauma and infectious diseases. It seems important to search for immunosuppression in patients presenting porokeratosis because the incidence of malignant transformation may increase.
[A case for diagnosis: polyp of the omphalomesenteric canal].
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[Cutaneous malacoplakia in heart transplanted patient].
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[Psoriatic onycho-pachydermo-periostitis].
Psoriatic-onycho-pachydermo-periostitis is a particular form of psoriatic arthropathy recently described, which combine psoriatic onychosis, thickening of the distal soft tissues and osteo-periostitis of the distal phalanx without lesion of the interphalangeal joint. Biological examinations are normal. Radiological lesions show a phalanx condensation which gives a spicule aspect. Two cases of onycho-pachydermo-periostitis are described. We report the first one with all the fingers and toes concerned.
Milking of cows in late pregnancy: milk production during this period and during the succeeding lactation.
Fifteen lactating cows were milked throughout pregnancy, and the effects on milk performance were studied during this period and during the succeeding lactation, relative to 11 conventionally managed cows (2 months dry before calving) as controls. During the last 2 months of pregnancy, only nine cows did not dry off spontaneously. Protein and fat concentrations in milk increased rapidly, but the concentration of lactose, corrected for milk yield, did not change. The ratios of individual caseins to total protein decreased with the quantity of milk produced, but only for yields below approximately 6 kg/d. The relative proportion of kappa-casein tended to decrease in the last milkings. During the succeeding lactation (first 15 weeks after calving and first 6 weeks of grazing) continuously milked cows yielded 4 kg milk/d less than the cows of the other group. The protein content of their milk was higher (2-3 g/kg depending on the period) than that of the control group, and the lactose content tended (P less than 0.10) to be lower. Changes in the relative proportions of nitrogenous fractions with time were not different in the two groups. Differences between the two groups in the concentration of protein in milk, and in the concentration of glucose and non-esterified fatty acids in the plasma, suggest a better energy balance for the continuously milked cows during the succeeding lactation.
Plasma osteocalcin concentrations in cows around parturition. The influence of a regular versus a very short dry period.
Plasma Ca, P, Mg and OC concentrations were compared between 2 groups of Holstein cows around 2nd calving. Thirteen cows were milked until their daily milk production was lower than 2 kg, which occurred 4 d before parturition. The control group (8 cows) was normally dried 8 weeks before the expected time of calving. Apart from the week following the initiation of the dry period where plasma OC concentrations were significantly lower in dried cows than in the control group (which would indicate lower bone remodeling in dried cows), no significant difference concerning Ca, P, Mg and OC concentrations were observed between the 2 groups of cows. This indicates that the only lack of 1 8-week-long dry period probably has no major immediate effect upon Ca and bone metabolism in young dairy cows given a convenient Ca and P daily intake. Nevertheless, the lack of the dried period might protect the cow against parturient hypocalcemia: the decrease in plasma Ca and P concentrations observed 12 h after calving was less intense in non-dried cows than in controls.
[Cutaneous vasculitis with mixed cryoglobulinemia during chronic hepatitis C].
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Body composition of dairy cows according to lactation stage, somatotropin treatment, and concentrate supplementation.
Body weight, condition score, deuteriated water dilution space, estimated body lipids and proteins, and calculated energy and protein balances were determined in 24 multiparous Holstein cows at wk 1, 7, 20, and 39 after parturition. Cows received two levels of energy concentrate (high and low groups) from wk 3. The objective was to estimate changes in body composition as affected by stage of lactation, concentrate level, and bST administration or placebo from wk 9 in a 2 x 2 factorial design. Cows from high and low energy groups lost 25 and 35 kg of body lipids and 3.3 and .5 kg of body proteins, respectively, during the first 7 wk of lactation. During the end of the winter period (wk 8 to 20), control and bST-injected cows lost 8.5 and 21.1 kg of body lipids, respectively. During the grazing period (wk 20 to 39), bST-injected cows gained more BW (34 kg), water (36 kg), and estimated proteins (5.8 kg) and lost more condition score (-.2 units) and estimated lipids (-11.5 kg) than controls. Using data from control periods, it was calculated that 1 unit change in body condition score corresponded to changes of 35 to 44 kg in BW (corrected for estimated gut content variation), 21 to 29 kg in body lipids, and 200 to 300 Mcal in body energy. One kilogram of corrected BW change corresponded to a change of 4.3 or 5.5 to 5.9 Mcal in body energy when calculated from cumulative energy balances or body components, respectively.
The influence of physiological state and dietary nitrogen supply on digestion in the dairy cow.
The effects of N supply on digestion were compared in cows in late pregnancy vs early lactation. Two groups of four and one group of three dairy cows received, during a digestion trial, corn silage-concentrate diets (65:35) differing in N supply. Concentrates were formulated so that diets were either insufficient (Diet 1) or sufficient (Diets 2 and 3) in ruminally fermented N and either insufficient (Diets 1 and 2) or sufficient (Diet 3) in protein digestible in the intestines. Experimental periods were 3 wk before and 3 wk after parturition. Organic matter digestibilities were 69.8, 73.1 and 72.5% in late pregnancy vs 64.9, 69.8 and 70.8% in early lactation for Diets 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Digestibility was higher (P less than .05) in late pregnancy than in early lactation. Differences between physiological states were attributed to differences in ruminal digestibility and in fiber digestibility. These differences were not explained by a reduction in large particle retention time, but in situ DM disappearance was reduced in early lactation. Ruminal protozoa concentration and the acetate: propionate ratio decreased between pregnancy and lactation. The duodenal non-ammonia N:N intake ratio was higher for Diet 1 than for Diets 2 and 3, 1.20, .97 and .94, respectively, but it did not vary between physiological states. In conclusion, some of the negative consequences of a shortage in degraded N are more dramatic in early lactation than in late pregnancy.
[Respective effects of the quantities ingested and physiological stage on the digestibility of the same diet in dairy cows].
The variations in digestibility of the same diet (65% maize silage-35% concentrates) in dairy cows during pregnancy and lactation are explained both by dry matter (DM) intake variations (more than 1 pt of decrease in digestibility per kg of increase in DM intake) and physiological stage: digestibility is lower in early lactation than in late pregnancy or mid-lactation.
[Development of feeding activities in dairy cows at the start of lactation and relation to the quantities of feed ingested].
Feeding behaviour was measured in 12 multiparous dairy cows all day long during the first 5 weeks of lactation. These cows received corn silage ad libitum and concentrates representing 21 to 27% of total dry matter intake, depending on the week. During the first week of lactation, total eating and ruminating times were 364 and 426 min; eating and ruminating rates were 39.0 and 32.5 g DM/min. The feed intake increase during the first 5 weeks of lactation was accompanied by an increase in ruminating time (+ 22%) and eating rate (+ 26%). These two parameters were very sensitive to short-time decreases in DM intake. Animal variations of eating and ruminating rates, but not variations of total eating and ruminating times, were related to those of dry matter intake. Thus, animals which had the highest dry matter intake were those which had the highest eating and ruminating rates.
[Dietary behavior and digestion of a constant composition feed in the dairy cow at the end of gestation and the beginning of lactation].
Five cows, fitted with rumen and duodenal fistulas, were given ad libitum a small amount of hay and a stable ration of 60 p. 100 maize silage and 40 p. 100 concentrate from 4 weeks before calving of 6 weeks after. The pattern of feeding behaviour and of digestive processes was recorded over the whole period. The following results were obtained: 1) While the amounts of the ingested dry matter of the ratio increased by 40 p. 100, the digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber and starch decreased by an average of 7, 7, 10 and 5 points p. 100 between 2 weeks before calving and the second week after. These values then increased by 3, 3, 3 and 1 points p. 100 between weeks 2 and 6 after calving (fig. 1). 2) The duration of intake and rumination increased rapidly while the rates varied little (fig. 2). At the same time, the number of meals, length of small meals and rumination periods increased, but the length of large meals was minimal around calving time (fig. 3). Consequently, the distribution of intake during the light/dark cycle was modified (fig. 4). 3) The preprandial ammonia content of the rumen liquor was minimal (20 mg/l) the second week of lactation. The volatile fatty acid content and the proportions of different acids varied little throughout the period (fig. 5). 4) The flux of organic matter, non-ammonia nitrogen and starch to the duodenum increased rapidly but the amounts of organic matter digested in the rumen varied little, while those digested in the intestine multiplied almost 3 times, corresponding to a considerable decrease in rumen digestion (table 3, fig. 6). The amino acid composition of duodenal nitrogen varied little between the end of pregnancy and the onset of lactation (table 4).
[Development of cow's milk; the changes of different blood constituents at the end of gestation and the beginning of lactation. Relation to the secretion of milk fat].
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