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Biomedical subjects

B Riley

Publications and source records attributed to B Riley.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Mechanical ventilation with air-oxygen mixtures during total intravenous anaesthesia. An evaluation of the Penlon Nuffield Series 400 ventilator.

Mechanical ventilation with air-oxygen mixtures during total intravenous anaesthesia is discussed with the associated problem of obtaining a medically suitable source of air in British rooms. Independently powered ventilators capable of entraining filtered room air were thought to be the best solution. The Penlon Nuffield Series 400 ventilator was modified and assessed for use in this mode. An entrainment adapter and circuit was devised which allowed the ventilator to entrain more than sufficient ambient air, premixed with added oxygen for patient ventilation even under adverse conditions. The entrainment system ensured good mixing of the entrained air and oxygen and allowed accurate determination of oxygen concentration in the patient system using a suitable nomogram and without an oxygen analyser. An assessment of one-way patient valves was also undertaken. The Laerdal valve was found to be the most suitable for use with the system described.

Air↗
PubMed1980

Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of a new, slow-release potassium chloride capsule.

The bioavailability of a new, slow-release potassium chloride product consisting of coated beads in a hard gelatin capsule was compared with the bioavailability of two marketed products, an elixir and a slow-release tablet, by determining the urinary excretion of potassium. Twelve healthy male volunteers were dosed with a total of 80 mEq of potassium, in a single dose for the capsule and tablet and in three 26.6-mEq doses at 6-hr intervals for the elixir. Mean recoveries in 24-hr urine potassium levels from all three dosage forms after subtracting normal urine potassium excretion levels were 50.8% from the capsule, 53.9% from the elixir, and 63.1% from the tablet. Maximum excretion rates were reached at 2.0 hr for the elixir, 6.8 hr for the capsule, and 4.0 hr for the tablet. Fewer side effects were reported with the capsule than with the elixir and tablet.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Papaverine hydrochloride: the evaluation of two new dosage forms.

The bioavailability of papaverine, administered as sustained release capsules, an elixir, and soft gelatin capsules, was studied with volunteers. Blood samples were assayed for papaverine, using a gas chromatographic method, following the administration of single 150 mg doses of papaverine HC1. The elixir and the soft gelatin capsule resulted in nearly identical papaverine blood levels, while peak levels, area under the blood level-time curve, and plasma levels 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 hours after dosing with the sustained release capsule were significantly (p less than 0.01) lower.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of clinical decision-making ability of critical care nurses.

What are nurse administrators to do when their institution is in need of competent nurses to staff the ICU and the majority of applicants are either inexperienced or new graduates? Nurses from one institution grappled with this question. They decided that it was their job to teach novice nurses to make sound clinical judgments in life-threatening situations. As part of this process, they developed a Clinical Decision-Making Assessment (CDMA) tool. This article describes the CDMA and provides suggestions for classroom and clinical teaching.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intrapartum care of a woman with aortic aneurysms.

Advances in technology and complex care have enabled women with various health problems to become and remain pregnant. Consequently, health-care practitioners are seeing an increasing number of pregnant women who have aortic aneurysms. This case study describes the culturally sensitive intrapartum care of a Middle Eastern woman with ascending and descending aortic aneurysms.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A questionnaire survey of intravenous drug addicts (Moscow, May 1997-January 1998)].

Questionnaires were distributed among users of intravenous drugs (UID) on the basis of Narcological Hospital No. 17 in Moscow and in the streets of the city (altogether, respondents filled in 298 questionnaires in the hospital and 126 questionnaires in the streets). The average age of the respondents was 21-22 years. The sufficiently wide spread of the joint use of injection instruments was noted (35-41%), the ensuing risk could be consciously evaluated by 38% of the respondents in the hospital and 20% in the streets. According to the observation diaries, HIV was not a priority for many UID. Their priorities included the problems of the treatment of hepatitis, abscesses, overdosage/poisoning, etc. Among the hospital respondents and selected street respondents the spread of hepatitis B and C was noted by 30% and 34% respectively. Under hospital conditions testing for HIV gave negative results in 58% and positive results in 5% of the respondents, while 37% of the respondents stated than they had never been tested. Among street respondents, 62% stated that they had negative results of testing and 39% stated that they had never been tested. The conclusion has been made that the realization of prophylactic programs may augment the level of knowledge concerning risks linked with the intravenous use of drugs, thus giving motivation to UID either to stop their use or to avoid contamination of the blood with HIV while using them.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Restructuring public health in Ontario: implications for heart health promotion.

Community-based heart health promotion is viewed as an effective means of reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Although public health agencies have a central role in the implementation and dissemination of heart health programmes, their effectiveness is being challenged by major structural changes to Provincial public health systems across Canada, although the impacts of the changes have received relatively little attention in the research literature. As part of the Canadian Heart Health Initiative--Ontario Project (CHHIOP), this study used a qualitative approach to address the perceived implications of these changes to Ontario's public health system for heart health promotion. Interviews (n = 38) were conducted in eight public health units with staff most familiar with managing and/or delivering heart health activities. The results are mixed; that is, while many see the future of heart health promotion programming in Ontario as being at risk, others see recent changes as a step forward toward their institutionalization, particularly in light of recent funding decisions made by the Ministry of Health's Health Promotion Branch.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An isolated problem.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heart health promotion: predisposition, capacity and implementation in Ontario Public Health Units, 1994-96.

The Canadian Heart Health Initiative-Ontario Project (CHHIOP) investigates predisposition and capacity in Ontario public health departments to implement community-based heart health promotion activities. The research draws upon diffusion of innovations theory and recent work on ecological approaches to health promotion within which public health agencies are seen to play a central role. Mail-back surveys were completed by heart health staff in all 42 health departments in 1994 and 1996. Predisposition and capacity were measured as the importance and effectiveness ascribed to 18 organizational practices supportive of community heart health activities. Level of implementation was reported for 74 activities spanning a range of risk factors and settings. Predisposition, capacity and implementation scores increased between 1994 and 1996. The findings confirm positive correlations between predisposition and capacity and between capacity and implementation.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗