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Biomedical subjects

B Romanowski

Publications and source records attributed to B Romanowski.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Treatment of neurosyphilis with chloramphenicol. A case report.

Although penicillin is the drug of choice in syphilis, treatment failures with benzathine and procaine penicillin have occurred in neurosyphilis. Patients allergic to penicillin have traditionally been treated with tetracycline but, since this drug diffuses poorly into the cerebrospinal fluid, its use in neurosyphilis is uncertain. In the case reported here, a penicillin allergic patient with general paresis of the insane was successfully treated with chloramphenicol. This drug has been used in the treatment of syphilis and achieves high concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid. Thus chloramphenicol may be a more appropriate agent than tetracycline in treating patients with neurosyphilis who are allergic to penicillin.

Chloramphenicol↗
PubMed1981

Meningitis complicating transsphenoidal hypophysectomy.

The case records of 98 patients who underwent a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy between 1969 and 1979 were examined to establish the frequency of postoperative cerebrospinal rhinorrhea and meningitis. There were seven cases of rhinorrhea and six of meningitis following the procedure. Five of the six patients with meningitis had diabetes mellitus and three of the seven with rhinorrhea had meningitis; thus, both diabetes and rhinorrhea were established as significant risk factors (P less than 0.001) in the development of meningitis after this operation. There were two proven cases of meningitis due to anaerobic organisms and a further two suspected cases. The prophylactic use of antibiotics did not prevent the development of meningitis in this series of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

Normalization effect of preceding protein meals on "diabetic" oral glucose tolerance in Eskimos.

Routine testing of 76 clinically non-diabetic Eskimos showed marked impairment of oral glucose tolerance in 54% but normal intravenous glucose tolerance in most of these.Total insulin output following the glucose drink was not found different in Eskimos with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance nor did lean meat meals given 60 minutes before the glucose significantly increase it.Intolerance to oral glucose loads appeared significantly related to a delay of insulin release and both timing of insulin response and shape of blood glucose curve normalized in the meat-preceded tests.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improved diagnosis of gonorrhea in women.

Single endocervical cultures are estimated to be 85-95% reliable in the diagnosis of gonorrhea; a properly obtained rectal culture increases this yield by 5%. In this prospective trial, the increased diagnostic yields from two first-day endocervical cultures and second-day endocervical and rectal cultures were examined. The value of cervical gram smears was also reviewed. During a six-month period, 748 women were evaluated on day 1, with 195 returning for second-day cultures. The mean increased diagnostic yields were 2.2% for the second first-day endocervical culture, 2.9% for second-day cultures, and 4.0% for rectal cultures.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of Treponema pallidum by a fluorescent monoclonal antibody test.

Definitive diagnosis of early syphilis currently requires dark-field microscopy and/or a newly reactive serologic test for syphilis. The efficacy of dark-field microscopy depends on the availability of a microscope, the skill of the clinician in obtaining a specimen, and the expertise of the microscopist. Serologic diagnosis may be affected by the delay between the appearance of the primary chancre and the onset of serologic reactivity. We used a pathogen-specific fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibody to examine lesion exudates from 128 consecutive patients and compared these data with results of dark-field microscopy, the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test, and the fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorbed (FTA-Abs) test. The monoclonal antibody test demonstrated Treponema pallidum in 48 (73%) of 66 patients with infectious syphilis, while dark-field microscopy was positive for 52 (79%) of 66 patients. None of 62 patients without syphilis was positive by either test. The FTA-Abs test was reactive for 61 patients (92%) of the 66 with infectious syphilis. Thus the fluorescent monoclonal antibody test for detection of T. pallidum in direct smears is as sensitive and specific as dark-field microscopy for the diagnosis of infectious syphilis. It has the potential to provide a convenient, accurate means for definitive diagnosis of genital ulcer disease by health care personnel without ready access to dark-field microscopy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enoxacin in the therapy of anal and pharyngeal gonococcal infections.

In this randomized double-blind study, 51 patients with uncomplicated anal or pharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection were evaluated to determine the efficacy and safety of 200- or 400-mg of enoxacin twice a day for two days. Enoxacin cured all anal infections and 12 out of 13 pharyngeal infections. All 82 isolates of N. gonorrhoeae tested were inhibited by 1 microgram of enoxacin/ml.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology of an outbreak of infectious syphilis in Alberta.

An outbreak of 1089 cases of infectious syphilis (primary, secondary and early latent) which occurred in the province of Alberta from 1981 to 1987 was analysed by stage of disease, age, sex, sexual preference and geographic distribution. The majority of cases occurred between 1983 and 1985 inclusive. Men accounted for 75.8% of the study population. The majority of men (71%) and women (98.5%) were heterosexual. Of the infected women, 58.7% were North American Indians and many worked as prostitutes. There was clustering in urban locations with 71.8% and 17.7% of cases reported in Edmonton and Calgary, respectively. Clinical signs of syphilis were more commonly present in men than women. Contact tracing played an important role in controlling the outbreak with 15.9% of men and 44.7% of women being diagnosed and treated as a result of this activity.

Adolescent↗