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Biomedical subjects

B Roos

Publications and source records attributed to B Roos.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Identification of the promoter sequences involved in the cell specific expression of the rat somatostatin gene.

DNA sequences containing the 5' flanking region of the rat somatostatin gene were linked to the coding sequence of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene. This recombinant plasmid is active in expressing CAT activity in the neuronally derived, somatostatin producing CA-77 cell line. Deletion analyses of the somatostatin promoter show that the sequences proximal to position -60, relative to the cap site are required for expression of this promoter. A 4 base pair deletion of residues -46 through -43 within the somatostatin promoter results in a down mutation in vivo suggesting the existence of an element critical for the expression of the promoter in CA-77 cells. In addition, the somatostatin recombinant and its 5' deletion constructs preferentially express CAT activity in CA-77 cells, whereas only basal level of expression is observed in HeLa, BSC40, and RIN-5F cell lines, pointing to the cell specific nature of this promoter.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1987

The effect of fluoride and calcium on spinal bone mineral content: a controlled, prospective (3 years) study.

Daily treatment with 30 mg of sodium fluoride (NaF) and 1 g of calcium over a 3-year period increased the bone mineral content (BMC) in the spines of women (n = 25) with osteoporosis. Determination of the BMC was followed with dual photon absorptiometry (137Cs-241Am) in the third lumbar vertebra. No increase in BMC was found with only 10 mg sodium fluoride in combination with calcium (n = 25), with calcium alone (n = 25), or with placebo (n = 25). No serious side effects were registered. There was, however, minor gastrointestinal distress in one-fifth of the patients taking 30 mg NaF daily.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Age changes in the bone mineral of the lumbar spine in normal women.

The bone mineral content (BMC) and the bone mineral areal content (BMAC) were determined with dual-photon absorptiometry in the third lumbar vertebra in a random sample of 214 women between 35 and 80 years of age in the city of Göteborg, Sweden. A continuous aging decrease (1%/year) of both the BMC and the BMAC was noted after age 35. The rate at which bone loss occurred was similar for all age groups when analyzed by 5 year intervals. No clear acceleration of bone loss was noted around the usual time of the menopause.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The bone mineral content of the lumbar spine in patients with chronic low-back pain.

The bone mineral content (BMC) of the third lumbar vertebra was determined in 43 patients with chronic low-back pain. No correlation was found to sex, height, pain experience, functional disability, or alcohol consumption. A positive correlation was found between the BMC and body weight and between the BMC and smoking in men (but not in women). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between the BMC and the overall duration of the back problem, ie, the longer duration the lower the BMC.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Endotube as a palliative measure in stenosing cancer of the esophagus and cardia].

93 patients with advanced carcinoma of the esophagus or cardia were treated by positioning an endoprothesis under combined endoscopic and radiological control. Before this procedure the esophagus had been dilated - in 31 cases with our new multistage bougie. 14% of patients died in the hospital, 7,5% of these as a consequence of the procedure described. If no complications occur, the patients can be discharged from the hospital 24 hours later. Swallowing is improved definitely, mean survival time of our group was 10.9 weeks. Complications occurring later are mostly due to technical problems of the endoprothesis. Endoscopic positioning of the endoprothesis is a satisfactory palliative procedure. Positioning the endoprothesis by surgery to day is outdated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

The amount of bone mineral and Schmorl's nodes in lumbar vertebrae.

The bone mineral areal content and the ultimate compressive strength were determined in 109 lumbar vertebrae from 36 subjects. The bone mineral areal content was related to the number, shape, and localization of the Schmorl's nodes detected in the x-rayed and sectioned vertebral bodies. One type of node, irregular in shape and localization, occurred only in the vertebrae with low bone mineral areal content values and thus in vertebrae with relatively low compressive strength. A second type of Schmorl's nodes, regular in shape and localization, did not reflect any general weakness of the vertebral bodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Bone mineral content in relation to age and menopause in middle-aged women. A study of bone density in lumbar vertebrae by dual photon absorptiometry in a population sample of women.

As one phase of a comprehensive population study of women, bone density was determined in the third lumbar vertebra by dual photon absorptiometric technique. The method involves the use of two radionuclides, which both emit gamma radiation but with different energies (241Am with 59.6 keV and 137Cs with 662 keV). Women in three age strata were studied: 46, 54 and 62 years. The bone mineral content was higher in premenopausal or recently postmenopausal 54-year-old women than in women of the same age who had been postmenopausal for a long time (p less than 0.02). A similar trend was found for women aged 62. The differences could not be explained by differences in other factors studied, such as body height, body weight, smoking habits, numbers of pregnancies or physical inactivity. No significant differences were found when women with similar menstrual status in different age-groups were compared. In the ages studied, hormonal factors seem to be more important than the age per se for the development of oeteoporosis.

Aging↗
PubMed1979

Age at menopause and its relation to osteoporosis.

As one phase of a comprehensive population study of women, bone density was determined in the third lumbar vertebra by dual photon absorptiometric technique. The method involves the use of two radionuclides, which both emit gamma radiation but with different energies (241Am with 59.6 keV and 137Cs with 662 keV). Women in three age strata were studied: 46, 54 and 62 yr. All women aged 46 were still menstruating, while the age strata 54 and 62 were subdivided into two groups: those who still menstruated or had been postmenopausal for a short time and those who had been postmenopausal for many years. The bone mineral content was higher in premenopausal or recently postmenopausal 54-yr-old women than in women of the same age who had been postmenopausal for a long time (P less than 0.01). A similar trend was found for women aged 62 (P less than 0.10). The differences could not be explained by differences in other factors studied, such as body weight, body height, smoking habits or physical activity. No significant differences were found when women with similar menopausal status in different age groups were compared.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Early appearance and mitotic activity of multinucleated giant cells in mice after combined injection of talc and prednisolone acetate. A model for studying rapid histiocytic polykarion formation in vivo.

Combined intraperitoneal injection of talc and particulate prednisolone acetate resulted in the formation of significant numbers of multinucleated giant cells within 48 hours. Neither one of these two agents had a comparable effect when injected alone. Evidence is presented showing that the multinucleated giant cells arose by cell fusion. Synchronous nuclear division could be observed in a considerable proportion of newly formed polykarions. Although the late prophases were usually normal, high proportions of abnormal mitotic figures were observed at later stages of mitosis, particularly in anaphase and telophase. The chromosome abnormalities were so severe that it is highly improbable that mitosis led to successful nuclear multiplication within a given syncytium. Similar to prednisolone acetate, prednisone elicited the formation of multinucleated giant cells when injected with talc. No polykarion formation was observed, however, when prednisolone acetate was substituted for other steroid preparations of similar particle size such as cortexon acetate, cortisone, or testosterone isobutyrate.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Consequences of myocardial reperfusion following temporary coronary occlusion in pigs; effects on morphologic, biochemical and haemodynamic findings.

The effects of myocardial reperfusion have been examined following a 1 h coronary occlusion and compared to a permanent coronary ligation in pigs. Haemodynamic investigations were carried out throughout the surgical intervention and repeated after 7 days. Cellular injury was estimated by serial serum enzyme determinations (creatin phosphokinase, alpha-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactic dehydrogenase) during the first 5 postoperative days; infarct size was assessed morphometrically by a histochemical staining procedure 1 week after the temporary or permanent coronary occlusion. A linear correlation was found between the logarithmically plotted peak serum activity of AST, HBDH, CPK and the morphometrically determined infarct size. Based upon enzyme and morphometrical studies no significant difference could be detected between the two experimental groups. In the animals subjected to transient coronary occlusion, however, the development of a ventricular aneurysm had been prevented to early and sustained reperfusion. Early re-establishment of coronary circulation appears to accelerate the proliferation of a more resistant granulation tissue into the infarcted area. Cardiac performance was not improved by myocardial reperfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Lymph drainage from the vulva and the foot as demonstrated by 198Au.

From the central part of the labium majus the lymphatic transport of 198Au is invariably bilateral to inguinal and pelvic lymph nodes. Thus, bilateral inguinal and low pelvic lymph-adenectomy is logical in the treatment of carcinoma of the vulva. 198Au injected subcutaneously and Lipiodol injected intralymphatically in the dorsum of the foot were transported exclusively to ipsilateral inguinal and pelvic lymph nodes. Thus, there is no need for contralateral lymphadenectomy in malignancies on the dorsum of the foot.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Lymph drainage from the upper and middle third of the rectum as demonstrated by 198 Au.

Extensive lymph node dissections have been performed in an attempt to increase survival after abdomino-perineal excision or anterior resection of the rectum for carcinoma. The lymph drainage from the upper and middle third of the rectum was demonstrated by means of 198Au which was injected into the submucosa. Less than one percent was drained to pelvic lymph nodes, giving little support for pelvic lymph node dissection for carcinoma in the upper and middle third of the rectum.

Adult↗