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B Rosengren

Publications and source records attributed to B Rosengren.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Differential uptake of proteoglycan-selected subfractions of low density lipoprotein by human macrophages.

Macrophages and arterial chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG) are probably associated with extracellular and intracellular lipoprotein deposition during atherogenesis. We found that human arterial CSPG can be used to select subclasses from low density lipoprotein (LDL) with different structural properties and capacities to interact with human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM). Four subclasses, LDL(PG)1 to LDL(PG)4, in order of decreasing CSPG-complexing capacity, were prepared and characterized in terms of their ability to interact with HMDM. The LDL subclasses with highest avidity for CSPG, LDL(PG)1 and LDL(PG)2, were bound, internalized, and degraded more efficiently than those of lower avidity for CSPG. From LDL(PG)1 to LDL(PG)4, the gradual decrease in uptake by HMDM and decreasing avidity for CSPG were associated with a gradual decrease in isoelectric point (from 5.93 to 5.68) and an augmented ratio of surface polar lipid to core nonpolar components (from 0.35 to 0.54). Competition experiments indicated that the proteoglycan-selected subfractions shared the binding sites and uptake mechanisms of native LDL. The results suggest the existence of a structurally related gradation in the avidity of LDL subpopulations for cells and matrix components. The presence within LDL subpopulations of a differential capacity to interact with intimal extracellular and cellular elements could be associated with a similar heterogeneity in their atherogenic potential.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1989

Human brain gangliosides: developmental changes from early fetal stage to advanced age.

The developmental profiles of the four major brain gangliosides, GM1, GD1a, GD1b, and GT1b, were examined in human frontal lobe covering the period from 10 fetal weeks to 80 years of age. The ganglioside concentration increased approx. 3-fold from the 10th gestational week to the age of about 5 years. Gangliosides GM1 and GD1a increased 12-15-fold during the same period. The most rapid increase of GM1 and GD1a occurred around term, during the period for dendrite arborization, outgrowth of axons and synaptogenesis. GT1b showed a quite different developmental curve. It was the major ganglioside during the 3rd to 5th gestational month, whereafter its concentration dropped rapidly to term, from which time the concentration then increased up to 50 years of age. Similar curves were found for the other gangliosides of the b-series, GD3, GD2, GD1b and GQ1b. Ganglioside 3'-isoLM1 was a characteristic early fetal ganglioside which dropped rapidly to the 5th gestational month, reached a small peak around term and then disappeared during adulthood. The concentration of gangliosides of the neolacto series was larger than that of the lacto series during the whole developmental period. In the beginning of the second trimester, 3'-LM1 constituted 2% and LD1 10% of total ganglioside sialic acid. The new findings demonstrate more dynamic changes of the ganglioside patterns during development than noted in previous studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A long waiting time for radiotherapy. Not acceptable for patients with neoplasms].

Radiotherapeutical resources in Norway are inadequate, which was further verified in this retrospective study of 73 patients with cancer of head and neck. The average duration of symptoms before the first ear-nose-throat examination was 153 days, and it took about 10 days after the examination to get the diagnosis. An unacceptably long time (mean 30 days) elapsed between the decision on therapy until the radiotherapy was initiated. There is no doubt that radiotherapy departments in Norway need better resources.

Appointments and Schedules↗
PubMed1989

[Epipharyngeal cancer].

The article surveys the incidence and pathogenetic factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The authors present a retrospective study of 36 patients with malignant tumors in the nasopharynx who were treated at Haukeland University Hospital between 1972 and 87. 26 out of 27 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma had advanced disease. Symptoms and signs are described. Radiation therapy was the main treatment modality. The total five year survival was 18%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Smoking prevention. Courses on smoking prevention conducted at a regional hospital].

We present the results of four smoking cessation courses conducted during the period 1986 to 1988 and including 105 persons. 68 women and 37 men participated in weekly lessons, three prior to and two after a predetermined quit-smoking day. Physicians presented information and smoking cessation techniques, the latter based on cognitive behavioural modification. At one year follow-up 27% of the participants had stopped smoking and 49% had reduced smoking consumption. More intensive follow-up and pharmacological treatment might reduce the relapse rate further.

Hospitals, District↗
PubMed1989

Agarose isoelectric focusing of plasma low and very low density lipoproteins using the PhastSystem.

Human plasma lipoproteins, fractionated by density gradient ultracentrifugation, and very low density lipoproteins, subfractionated by cumulative rate centrifugation, were subjected to agarose isoelectric focusing in small format thin gels prepared in the laboratory for the commercially available PhastSystem (Pharmacia). From preparation of the gels to their staining, the procedure took less than 3 h. The pH gradient was found reproducible and the apparent average pI of individual low density lipoproteins could be measured with a coefficient of variation of less than 5% between and less than 2% within the same run. The method appears especially suitable for the exploration of charge properties of multiple lipoprotein samples, or other large macromolecules as low density lipoproteins and very low density lipoproteins, with considerable economy of time and reagents.

Cholesterol, LDL↗
PubMed1989

Lysosulfatide (galactosylsphingosine-3-O-sulfate) from metachromatic leukodystrophy and normal human brain.

The glycosphingolipid pattern was examined in three cases of late infantile metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD): one with a relatively short (2.5 years), one with a long (7.8 years), and one with a very long (13.2 years) survival time. All values were compared with those of age-matched normal controls. The cerebroside concentration was reduced to 25, 12, and 4%, respectively, in the MLD white matter, whereas the sulfatide concentration was increased up to 200% of the control value. The yield of myelin was reduced to less than 15% in the early case and to less than 3 and 1%, respectively, in the two later cases. There was no sign of increased sulfatide proportion in the myelin. The ganglioside pattern was normal in cerebral gray matter, but in the white matter, contents of gangliosides of the lacto series were significantly increased, in particular, the ganglioside suggested by us as being characteristic of reactive astrocytosis. For the first time, lysosulfatide was identified in MLD and normal human brains by mass spectrometry and radioimmunoaffinity TLC using specific monoclonal antibody. Its quantity was found to be similar in normal and MLD brains. These findings support our postulation that the lysoglycosphingolipids are synthesized de novo from sphingosine and that they do not play a key role in pathogenetic mechanisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Composition of gangliosides and neutral glycosphingolipids of brain in classical Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff disease: more lyso-GM2 in Sandhoff disease?

The ganglioside composition of the brain from an individual with classical Tay-Sachs disease and from an individual with Sandhoff disease was examined using our new quantitative methods for ganglioside content determination and compared with that of age-matched control brains. The concentration of GM2 was found to be 12.2 and 13.0 mumol/g of fresh tissue in Tay-Sachs disease and in Sandhoff disease cerebral gray matter, respectively. GM2 was 86 and 87% respectively, of total gangliosides. The concentration of GM1 and, in particular, GM3 ganglioside was also found to be increased, whereas the concentration of the major di- and trisialogangliosides (GD1a, GD1b, and GT1b) had diminished markedly. There was no significant increase in level of any other ganglioside than lyso-GM2. Its concentration was 12 and 16 nmol/g in cerebral gray matter of two Tay-Sachs disease brains and 43 nmol/g in Sandhoff disease brain. The Sandhoff disease brain also differed from the classical Tay-Sachs disease brain by having a much higher concentration of gangliotriaosylceramide and globotetraosylceramide. The structures of relevant gangliosides and neutral glycolipids were established by fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry and permethylation studies.

Brain Chemistry↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of new gangliosides of the lactotetraose series in murine xenografts of a human glioma cell line.

The major mono- and disialogangliosides of the extensively characterized established human glioma line D54MG were isolated and purified from subcutaneous solid xenografts grown in athymic (nu/nu) mice. Structural determination showed that they belonged to the lactotetraosylceramide series. The sialyllactotetraosylceramide contained 90% N-glycolyl- and 10% N-acetylneuraminic acid linked in an alpha 2-3 linkage (IV3NeuGc-LcOse4Cer, IV3NeuAc-LcOse4Cer). The disialogangliosides had a previously undescribed type of structure with sialic acids linked to the terminal galactose in an alpha 2-3 linkage and to N-acetylglucosamine in an alpha 2-6 linkage. Not only did species with NeuAc or NeuGc occur, but also species with mixtures of the two sialic acids, e.g. NeuAc and NeuGc. The schematic structures of the new disialogangliosides are (Formula:see text).

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Cerebroside-beta-glucosidase activity in Gaucher brain.

Cerebroside-beta-glucosidase (acid beta-glucosidase) activity was determined in the forebrain from three patients with the infantile type of Gaucher disease, six patients with the Norrbottnian type and one patient with a mixed infantile/Norrbottnian type. The forebrain from ten subjects, aged 3 months to 20 years, served as controls. The activity was assayed with the natural substrate, (glucose-6-3H) nervonoylglucosylsphingosine and the artificial fluorogenic 4-methyl-umbelliferyl-beta-glucoside. The average residual activities of beta-glucosidase were 12% in the Norrbottnian type and 5% in the infantile type when determined with natural or artificial substrate. Optimum discrimination of the two types of Gaucher disease was obtained with the natural substrate.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

An in vivo method for microhardness measurements on human teeth.

A non-destructive, in vivo method of measuring the enamel hardness directly on patients is described. Normal values on 39 students are given and compared with those of five patients, one of whom suffered from abnormal oral acid concentration, and the others from the effects of various degrees of hyposialosis caused by radiologic treatment of tumors in head and neck. The difference between the two groups was significant below the 0.1% level. It was suggested that the method may be used to test the degree of salivary gland inactivation after radiologic treatment and the efficiency of different saliva substitutes used to alleviate the effects of hyposialosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Combined modality treatment of operated astrocytomas grade 3 and 4. A prospective and randomized study of misonidazole and radiotherapy with two different radiation schedules and subsequent CCNU chemotherapy. Stage II of a prospective multicenter trial of the Scandinavian Glioblastoma Study Group.

A prospective and randomized trial has been performed in order to evaluate combined modality therapy in patients with astrocytomas grade 3 and 4. Follow-up information is available on 244 patients. One half of the series received radiation therapy twice a week (40.00 Gy/5 weeks), the other half five times a week (50.00 Gy/5 weeks). Misonidazole 1.2 g/m2 was given orally to one half of the patients in the first radiation treatment group 3 1/2 to 4 hours before the treatment. The other half received placebo. The second radiation treatment group was also divided in two halves, one receiving 0.48 g/m2 misonidazole and the other placebo 3 1/2 to 4 hours before radiation. The randomization also included a subdivision of the material into eight groups of which four were given CCNU and four no chemotherapy, beginning 3 months after operation. The dose of CCNU was 120 mg/m2 body surface every 6 weeks. All eight treatment groups showed practically identical periods of median survival, and no statistically significant differences were observed with regard to performance status, side effects, or complications. Another dosage and timing of misonidazole administration in relation to the irradiation schedule, and a consideration of effects of concomitant drugs like dexamethasone and phenytoin are discussed.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1985

Separation of gangliosides by anion-exchange chromatography on Mono Q.

A new type of strong anion-exchange resin, Mono Q, has been used in the separation of brain gangliosides. The resin consists of monodisperse particles (9.8 micron) and was used in prepacked columns with a bed volume of 1 ml. The gangliosides were separated into mono-, di-, tri- and tetrasialoganglioside fractions by a discontinuous gradient of potassium acetate in methanol. The separation was complete in a volume of 50 ml. The major advantages of the new procedure compared to conventional methods are the shorter separation time, higher loading capacity and recovery of separated ganglioside fractions in small solvent volumes. The procedure was applied to the separation of gangliosides from normal human and GM2-gangliosidosis brain.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Mesenteric arterial vasopressin in cats: local and systemic effects.

The administration of intraaterial mesenteric vasopressin to induce small intestinal ischemia was evaluated in the cat. Small intestinal blood flow was measured by carbonized microsphere distribution and electromagnetic flowmetry. Injection of 99mTc labeled isotope into the superior mesenteric artery was monitored by gamma camera, and isotope kinetics were evaluated as indicators of small intestinal blood flow. Superior mesenteric arterial and small intestinal mucosal blood flow could maximally be reduced to 15%-20% of control by vasopressin administration. 99mTcO4 mesenteric-cardiac transit time was doubled in all animals when small intestinal mucosal blood flow was reduced to less than one-third of control. However, significant blood flow reductions were induced in other abdominal organs, most importantly in retroperitoneal lymph nodes and adipose tissue. Intraarterial mesenteric vasopressin administration does not induce sufficiently severe and specific intestinal ischemia to provide optimal conditions for selective small intestinal hypoxic radioprotection.

Animals↗