Fungal infection with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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Aspergillosis↗
Biomedical subjects
B Roth
Publications and source records attributed to B Roth.
Effects of kallikrein on sperm motility, capillary tube test, and pregnancy rate in an AIH program.
From 1984 to 1986, 172 couples were enrolled in an artificial insemination homologous (AIH) program, because of negative postcoital test, fair PT, positive PT with unexplained infertility, and impotentia coeundi. Patients were randomly assigned to the following procedures: AIH with native semen (N, n = 68), washed sperm (V, n = 50), semen mixed with kallikrein (K, 5 IE/ml semen, n = 45), and timed intercourse. The overall pregnancy rate (PR) was 22% per couple (13% inseminations, 9% spontaneous). PR from insemination (spontaneous) was 13% (8), 13% (13), 23% (0) in PT negative, fair, and positive patients, respectively, and 18% (9), 13% (7), and 11% (9) in AIH groups N, V, and K. Among in vitro studies with K added semen, an improvement of sperm motility was demonstrated in half of the specimens. In the capillary tube test (CTT), with wives' cervical mucus, a deterioration was more frequently seen than an improvement after 2 h, independent of the early effect of K in semen, K induced changes of CTT were less pronounced when donors' cervical mucus was used. The results of the in vitro studies offer an explanation for the low PR in the AIH program with K.
Adult↗
[Preventive intraoperative irrigation in wound management with Lavasept. Report of experiences with 1,610 cases].
During the years 1984-1989 in the Surgery department of the Bezirksspital Wattenwil all soft-tissue injuries, beside open articulations, were cleaned with the new antiseptic "Lavasept" in a prophylactic way during operation. We are documenting the astonishingly low incidence of infections as well as the good tolerance of the cleaning substance.
Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
[The status of computerized tomography and conventional tomography in the assessment of endobronchial growth and extension of central bronchial cancer].
In comparison with endoscopy, computed tomography can produce excellent results with respect to the endobronchial spread of central bronchial carcinomas. Used for the same purpose, conventional tomography of the central bronchial system is greatly inferior. With respect to an evaluation of the endobronchial tumour growth configuration, computed tomography of the chest showed agreement with the endoscopic findings in only 56 per cent of all cases. This would seem to indicate that for the planning of palliative bronchological measures, such as, for example, laser therapy and afterloading treatment, prior endoscopic inspection is indispensable. By themselves, the results obtained with the imaging procedures described in this article are not adequate.
Bronchi↗
Control of patient compliance in outpatient steroid treatment of nephrologic disease and renal transplant recipients.
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Adolescent↗
[Urinary bioavailability of sodium-2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (Uromitexan) following intravenous, subcutaneous and continuous subcutaneous administration].
The dose-limiting urotoxicity of the oxazaphosphorines (t1/2 = 4-15 h) is due to renal elimination of metabolites such as acrolein. The occurrence of hemorrhagic cystitis can be safely prevented by the concomitant use of i.v. or oral 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate sodium (DCI MESNA; Uromitexane). The bioavailability of oral MESNA is in the range of 20-50% and its unpleasant taste severely limits patient compliance. Due to the short half-life of MESNA (approx. 40 min) a regular fractionated or continuous administration is mandatory. In 6 healthy volunteers we have studied the pharmacokinetics of urinary MESNA elimination for the assessment of MESNA bioavailability after i.v. and s.c. drug administration. MESNA was given at doses of 400 mg for i.v. and s.c. bolus injections and 800 mg for continuous s.c. administration by a portable infusion pump. For the s.c. route an isotonic solution was prepared. The total amount of urinary thiols was assessed by the Ellman method (photometric reading at 412 nm). Total elimination of i.v. MESNA was 83.2 +/- 3.4% of the dose administered. The respective results for s.c. bolus and s.c. continuous drug administration were 81.9 +/- 3.4% and 79.4 +/- 3.6% of the dose. Continuous administration theoretically will provide optimal uroprotection from short term (hemorrhagic cystitis) and long term (bladder fibrosis and cancer) toxicity.
Biological Availability↗
Tracheal agenesis: a case report.
Tracheal agenesis is described in a premature infant. Absent cry, failure of tracheal intubation despite adequate ventilation with a face mask, and ventilation of both lungs after oesophageal intubation suggested the diagnosis. The infant's condition deteriorated rapidly because of severe pulmonary hyaline membrane disease 12 h later due to intractable cardiac failure. At post-mortem examination, large bilateral broncho-oesophageal fistulae were found.
Congenital Abnormalities↗
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 10. 2,4-Diamino-5-(6-quinolylmethyl)- and -[(tetrahydro-6-quinolyl)methyl]pyrimidine derivatives. Further specificity studies.
A series of 18 2,4-diamino-5-[(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-quinolyl)methyl]pyrimidines has been prepared by the condensation of 2,4-diamino-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine with 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines in acidic medium. Several derivatives were catalytically aromatized; others were synthesized from these by routine aromatic substitution or by condensations of (anilinomethyl)pyrimidines to give quinolinylmethyl analogues. Compounds with 4-methyl-8-methoxy substitution are closely related to trimethoprim (1a) in structure and are excellent inhibitors of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, with activity at least equivalent to that of 1a. The highest degree of inhibition was achieved with the rigid aromatic series, but greater specificity was accomplished among the tetrahydroquinoline derivatives. This was directly related to N-1 substitution of 4-methyl-8-methoxy derivatives. The spatial relationships around N-1 and protonation at this site may both affect selectivity. Such compounds also had excellent broad-spectrum in vitro antibacterial activity.
Animals↗
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 11. Quinolylmethyl analogues with basic substituents conveying specificity.
A series of nine 2,4-diamino-5-[6-( or 7-)quinolylmethyl]pyrimidines has been prepared by condensations of quinolinecarboxaldehydes with beta-anilinopropionitriles, followed by treatment with guanidine. All compounds has basic or methoxy substituents at the 2- or 4-positions of the quinoline ring. All of the 6-quinolylmethyl derivatives were highly inhibitory against Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), provided that an 8-substituent was present in the quinoline ring. Those compounds that had basic substituents in the 2-position of the quinoline ring were also highly specific for bacterial dihydrofolate DHFR, relative to a vertebrate counterpart. Protonation on the quinoline ring nitrogen is a possible cause of specificity.
Animals↗
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 12. 1,2-Dihydroquinolylmethyl analogues with high activity and specificity for bacterial dihydrofolate reductase.
Twelve 2,4-diamino-5-[(1,2-dihydro-6-quinolyl)methyl]pyrimidines containing gem-dimethyl or fluoromethyl substituents at the 2-position of the dihydroquinoline ring were prepared by condensations of dihydroquinolines with 2,4-diamino-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine. The dihydroquinolines were produced from the reaction of anilines with mesityl oxide or fluoroacetone. In some cases, 1-aryl-2,4-dimethylpyrroles were obtained as byproducts. Most of these pyrimidines were highly inhibitory to Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and also had high specificity for the bacterial enzyme. 2,4-Diamino-5-[[1,2-dihydro-2,4-dimethyl-3-fluoro-2-(fluoromethyl)-8- methoxy-6(1H)quinolyl]methyl]pyrimidine had an apparent Ki value for E. coli DHFR 13 times lower than that of the control, trimethoprim (1), and was 1 order of magnitude more selective for the bacterial enzyme. It had outstanding activity against Gram-positive organisms in vitro, as well as broad-spectrum antibacterial activity equivalent to that of 1. The results of in vivo testing will be reported elsewhere. The gem-dimethyl substituents of the dihydroquinoline derivatives are considered to be responsible for the high selectivity, as well as contributing to potent bacterial DHFR inhibition. Molecular models are presented which suggest the probable interactions with the bacterial enzyme.
Animals↗
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines as antibacterial agents. 13. Some alkenyl derivatives with high in vitro activity against anaerobic organisms.
A series of 2,4-diamino-5-(3,5-dialkenyl-4-methoxy- or -4-hydroxybenzyl)pyrimidines was prepared from [(allyloxy)benzyl]pyrimidines by Claisen rearrangements, and the resulting allyl phenols were further modified by methylation and rearrangement to 1-propenyl analogues. Analogous 3,4-dimethoxy-5-alkenyl derivatives were prepared by similar techniques. High in vitro antibacterial activity was obtained against certain anaerobic organisms, such as Bacteroides species and Fusobacterium, which was equal to or better than the control, metronidazole, in several cases. The profile was similar against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Staphylococcus aureus. The 3,5-bis(1-propenyl)-4-methoxy derivative 8 was 1 order of magnitude more active against Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase than its saturated counterpart, and it was also more active than trimethoprim, 1. However, it was considerably less active in vitro against the Gram-negative organisms. The 3,4-dimethoxy-5-alkenyl, -5-alkyl, and -5-alkoxy analogues had very high broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. However, pharmacokinetic studies of four of the compounds in dogs and rats and in vivo studies with an abdominal sepsis model in rats showed no advantages over trimethoprim.
Alkenes↗
[Nephrocalcinosis in childhood. Sonographic findings and differential diagnosis].
Ultrasonography is the method of choice for the detection of medullary or cortical nephrocalcinosis in infancy and childhood. Compared with abdominal radiographs and computed tomography even smallest calcifications are detected more accurately. Using furosemide, ACTH, steroids or high doses of vitamin D, early forms of medullary nephrocalcinosis associated with a faint hyperechogenic rim at the margins of the renal pyramids can be diagnosed by ultrasound. Idiopathic hypercalciuria, Bartter's syndrome and renal tubular acidosis cause medullary nephrocalcinosis, whereas cortical nephrocalcinosis is the result of renal vein thrombosis; primary hyperoxaluria is associated with cortico-medullary calcifications. Due to the localisation of the nephrocalcinosis and the age distribution of the diseases, sonography merely enables us to narrow down differential diagnosis.
Aging↗
[Distal radius fracture; fixation using Kirschner wire or only a cast? A retrospective comparative study].
56 distal radius fractures were followed for a median period of 54 months (31-88 months) following the accident. Conservative treatment (immobilisation in a plaster alone) was compared to percutaneous K-wire fixation. The two groups of patients were matched in regard to type of fracture, age (+/- 5 years) and sex. The functional end result was assessed according to the scoring system of Gartland/Werley, which was modified by Solgaard. The operative treatment modality showed better functional end results, especially for intraarticular fractures, when compared to the conservatively treated fractures.
Aged↗
Effect of naloxone on diurnal polysomnographic manifestations of hypersomnia with sleep apnoea.
A simple blind study with small doses of naloxone (0.8-1.6 mg i.v.) was carried out in 11 patients with hypersomnia with sleep apnoea (HSA). The effect was studied by diurnal polysomnography. It was found that the administration of naloxone was followed by significant prolongation of wakefulness and by significant shortening of the total duration of the second stage of NREM sleep. The duration of the apnoeic episodes was also significantly shortened after naloxone, although their number did not alter. Increased activity of the endorphinergic system (which naloxone inhibits by receptor competition) evidently plays a role in the pathophysiology of HSA.
Adult↗
[Preliminary treatment of the recipient site and healing of open spongiosa transplant in post-traumatic osteitis].
On the occasion of a new surgical procedure 48 patients with chronic osteitis were treated with a new antiseptic called "Lavasept" and open spongiosa-treatment. The spongiosa-filling was covered with saturated Lavasept-dressing which were changed once or twice daily till the spontaneous wound-healing occurred. None of the 48 patients has shown complications of the wound-healing or a relapse till today.
Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
[Naltrexone in narcolepsy. Initial experience].
The administration of 550 mg naltrexon in the course of 13 days did not four patients with narcolepsy-cataplexy to improvement of symptoms of the disease and did not improve their appetite or increase their body weight. No side-effects of naltrexon were observed.
Adult↗
The effect of naloxone on the symptoms of narcolepsy.
The effect of Naloxone (0.4 mg i.v.) was studied in 10 patients suffering from narcolepsy. The diurnal polysomnographic recordings showed that Naloxone leads to an increase in the latency of REM sleep (P less than 0.05), to a shortening of its total duration and to a decrease in the average amount of phasic manifestations in 1 min. of REM sleep (P less than 0.05). The Polygraphic sleepiness score for REM sleep decreased significantly (P less than 0.01). Naloxone led also to the disappearance of stages 3 and 4 NREM sleep, and to an increase in the total duration of stage 1 NREM sleep. Naloxone caused no change in the total performance in Bourdon's test; though it did enhance attention. There were no changes in the subjective perception of the state of arousal or of the psychomotor tempo. It was found no post-Naloxone alterations of blood pressure, body temperature, pulse or pupillary diameter. The above findings support the hypothesis that an hyperactive endorphinergic system participates in the pathophysiology of narcolepsy.
Adult↗
Monoclonal antibodies to the main immunogenic region of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor bind to residues 61-76 of the alpha subunit.
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to the main immunogenic region (MIR) bind to fusion proteins containing region 37-200 of the alpha chain of Torpedo, mouse, and chicken nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. In the case of the mouse alpha chain, these mAbs react with sequence 61-216 but not with 74-216. A synthetic peptide M1, containing residues 61-76 of the mouse alpha chain, also binds these anti-MIR mAbs, showing that all or part of their binding site is included in this region. The conformational dependence and epitope specificity of the mAbs are discussed.
Amino Acid Sequence↗