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B S Pomeroy

Publications and source records attributed to B S Pomeroy.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Naturally occurring reticuloendotheliosis in turkeys: transmission.

This report describes the natural occurrence and experimental transmission of reticuloendotheliosis in a turkey flock. In the naturally affected turkeys, lesions were present in the liver, spleen, heart, intestines, and peripheral nerves, and were composed mainly of lymphoreticular cells. The disease was experimentally reproduced in turkey poults with cellfree tissue extracts of infected birds. A type-C RNA virus similar to reticuloendotheliosis virus (strain T) was present in the tissues of turkey poults experimentally inoculated. This virus was unrelated to the type-C RNA viruses of the avian leukosis sarcoma complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effects of different levels of chlortetracycline in the diet of turkey poults artifically-infected with Salmonella typhimurium.

Two separate experiments were conducted to assess the shed rate and duration of shed of S . typhimurium organisms from turkey poults orally infected with chlortetracycline-sensitive S. typhimurium in relation to chloretetracycline (CTC) given in the feed at 0, growth promotant, subtherapeutic and therapeutic levels; the emergence of resistant S. typhimurium organisms in reference to the diet given; in vitro transfer of drug resistance from thses resistant S. typhimurium donor cultures to multiply-sensitive E. coli recipients; and phage type changes, is any, of these S. typhimurium isolates. The results showed that increasing CTC in the diet from 0 to the three levels of antibiotic supplementation, appeared to (a) reduce shed and duration of shed corresponding to each level used; (b) cause a minimal development of drug resistance and its transfer (usually at sub-therapeutic levels of CTC supplementation) for the duration of the experiment; and (c) induce phage type changes in some of the S. typhimurium isolates. These phage type changes question the validity of using phage typing as a tool in epidemiological investigations.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Scanning electron, light, and immunofluorescent microscopy of coronaviral enteritis of turkeys (Bluecomb).

Intestinal sections from both experimental and field cases of turkey coronaviral enteritis (TCE) were examined by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy through 10 days after inoculation and by a direct fluorescent antibody test for TCE through 12 days. Serums were collected for an indirect fluorescent antibody test for TCE through 160 days after inoculation. Lesions observed with the scanning electron microscopy were catarrhal enteritis with hemorrhage per diapedesis, epithelial desquamation, and villous atrophy which developed and regressed within 6 days after inoculation. Light microscopy demonstrated similar lesions, except that villus-to-crypt ratios remained depressed 10 days. The direct fluorescent antibody test demonstrated the presence of coronaviral antigen throughout the sampling period, and serum antibodies to TCE were present until at least 160 days, when the experiment was terminated.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

In vitro and in vivo transfer of drug resistance for Salmonella and Escherichia coli strains in turkeys.

In vitro and in vivo transfers of antibiotic drug resistance were observed when isolates of multi-resistant Salmonella saint-paul and Escherichia coli donors were mated with multi-sensitive E coli and Salmonella typhimurium recipients, respectively. For in vivo studies, day-old turkey poults were used. Drug resistances were transferred either alone or in various combinations. In vitro, transfer was more frequent from E coli to S typhimurium; in vivo, transfer was more often observed from S saint-paul to E coli. Transfer occurred in vivo within 3 or 6 days after the recipient strain was given to poults previously infected with donor bacteria. In some instances, phage typing of S typhimurium indicated a change after transfer of drug resistance from E coli to S typhimurium. The criteria for in vivo transfer of drug resistance were discussed, and the implications of a change in phage type were noted.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Indirect fluorescent antibody test for the diagnosis of coronaviral enteritis of turkeys (bluecomb).

Frozen sections of intestine obtained from experimentally infected embryos were satisfactory as a suitable antigen in the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test for detection of antibodies to turkey coronaviral enteritis (TCE). Antibodies were detected in infected turkeys at 14 days after infection and persisted for at least 107 days when the 1st experiment was concluded. Antibodies were also detected in infected turkeys at 9 days after infection and persisted for at least 160 days when the 2nd experiment was terminated. The IFA test may be of value as a rapid and economical screening method for TCE antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

In vivo spread of infectious drug resistance in turkeys.

Multiresistant Salmonella typhimurium donor and multisensitive Escherichia coli recipient spread from the infected group of turkey poults to the control group. Contact poults given only the S typhimurium donor and placed in the same cage with infected poults given both the donor and the E coli recipient exhibited in vivo patterns of antibiotic drug resistance transfer similar to the patterns obtained in the infected poults. This in vivo spread of antibiotic drug resistance in turkeys was established for the first time. Results indicated that the potential in vivo spread of infectious drug resistance could occur in nature.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Isolation and characterization of viruses from natural outbreaks of reticuloendotheliosis in turkeys.

We have described the in vitro isolation of type-C RNA viruses from two outbreaks of a fatal neoplastic disease in turkeys we diagnosed as reticuloendotheliosis. The virus had a density of 1.16 g/ml in sucrose gradients, had a DNA polymerase capable of using both endogenous and exogenous (synthetic) templates, and was infectious in vitro for turkey and chick cells. The culture-propagated virus was oncogenic for turkeys. The virus isolates were unrelated to avian leukosis virus and antigenically identical to reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) strain T. Thus our studies suggested that REV is a causative agent of naturally occurring, fatal leukosis in turkeys.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Antibiotic dipping studies in relation to uptake, embryonic development and Arizona hinshawii recoveries from turkey hatching eggs.

Antibiotic dipping with gentamicin sulfate by means of the temperature-differential method was effective in reducing but not completely eliminating Arizona hinshawii (7:1, 7, 8) from artificially infected turkey hatching eggs. Embryonic development was well maintained. The antibiotic dip solution intake was variable from egg to egg. Removal of cuticle by means of either 0.2 N HCl or a 10% disodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid enhanced egg weight gains and maintained good embryonic development. Complete elimination of A. hinshawii was achieved in one experiment out of four. Correlation studies between egg weight gains and gentamicin concentrations of the contents of the turkey hatching eggs indicated a statistically significant relationship between these two parameters.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Immunity to transmissible (coronaviral) enteritis of turkeys (bluecomb).

Turkey flocks recovering from natural and laboratory induced coronaviral enteritis developed lifelong immunity. Virus neutralization tests indicated that neutralization capacity of serums from recovered turkeys was low. One-way cross challenge test using turkeys inoculated with various bluecomb isolates revealed close antigenic relationship or antigenic identity among bluecomb isolates. The controlled application of intestinal preparations containing coronavirus as a vaccination procedure had value in developing active lasting immunity but it has limitations in areas that are attempting to eliminate the disease by a depopulation program. Killed vaccines injected parenterally did not produce a detectable immunity.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Fluorescent antibody test for rapid diagnosis of coronaviral enteritis of turkeys (bluecomb).

Intestinal tissues obtained from coronavirus-infected embryos and turkeys were examined by fluorescent antibody tissue section technique (FAT). Evidence of viral antigen was demonstrated in the cytoplasm of the intestinal epithelial cells covering the villi. Embryo intestines that were examined from 24 to 96 hours after inoculation were positive for immunofluorescence (IF), whereas bursa of Fabricius was negative. Poults hatched from infected embryos were examined at 2 days of age and were positive for IF. Coronaviral antigen was detected by FAT in the cytoplasm of intestinal epithelial cells of the jejunum, ileum, duodenum, and cecum in all turkeys that were examined from 24 hours to 28 days.

Animals↗