Biomedical subjects

B Séné

Publications and source records attributed to B Séné.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1998

Indicators for the automated analysis of drug prescribing quality.

Irrational and inconsistent drug prescription has considerable impact on morbidity, mortality, health service utilization, and community burden. However, few studies have addressed the methodology of processing the information contained in these drug orders used to study the quality of drug prescriptions and prescriber behavior. We present a comprehensive set of quantitative indicators for the quality of drug prescriptions which can be derived from a drug order. These indicators were constructed using explicit a priori criteria which were previously validated on the basis of scientific data. Automatic computation is straightforward, using a relational database system, such that large sets of prescriptions can be processed with minimal human effort. We illustrate the feasibility and value of this approach by using a large set of 23,000 prescriptions for several diseases, selected from a nationally representative prescriptions database. Our study may result in direct and wide applications in the epidemiology of medical practice and in quality control procedures.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Object-oriented modeling and terminologies for drug contraindications.

There is no available standardized representation of contraindications that can be used in drug knowledge bases. In this paper, an object-oriented representation of contraindications is proposed that would allow computerized checking of drug prescription safety. It distinguishes four types of contraindications: pathological state, physiological state, findings of investigation procedures, and diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. The vocabulary usable for expressing the contraindications appropriate for automated prescription checking was also investigated. ICD10 (International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision), SNOMED III (Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine), ICPC (International Classification of Primary Care), and ATC (Anatomic Therapeutic and Chemical Classification) were studied as potential sources of standardized vocabulary. A system to support entering data on contraindications into a drug knowledge base, compatible with the proposed structure and using the identified vocabulary sources, is also presented.

Artificial Intelligence↗

PubMed1995

Prescription guidelines in OPADE: what are they, how are they used?

Many computerised drug prescription systems have been developed, but they are rarely used in clinical practice; among the reasons are their lack of integration with the functioning of medical institutions and the lack of consideration of general and local clinical practice rules. We present in this paper how OPADE, a computerised drug prescription system does answer this shortcoming by introducing prescription guidelines called Prescribing Principles. We argue that introduction of these Prescribing Principles will not only allow for integration of the computer in medical practice but will also introduce a positive feed back loop in the prescribing process.

Artificial Intelligence↗

PubMed1995

A general model of drug prescription.

Currently, there is no widely accepted structured representation of drug prescription. Nevertheless, a structured representation is required for entering and storing drug prescriptions avoiding free text in computerized systems, and for drug prescription reviews. Derived from part of the work of the European OPADE project, we describe an object-oriented model of drug prescription which incorporates important concepts such as the phase and triggering event concepts. This model can be used to record all drug prescriptions, including infusions, in a structured way avoiding free text. The phase concept allows the storage of sequentially ordered dosage regimens for a drug within the same prescription. The prescription triggering event concept allows recording of the administration of a drug conditional to dates, symptoms and clinical signs, medical procedures, and everyday life events. This model has been implemented within the OPADE project; the corresponding aspects of the user interface are presented to show how this model can be used in practice. Even if other new attributes may be added to the described objects, the structure of this model is suitable for general use in software which requires the entry, storage and processing of drug prescriptions.

Drug Administration Schedule↗

PubMed1995

Modeling drug information for a prescription-oriented knowledge base on drugs.

There exists little theoretical analysis how to represent knowledge on drugs required for computerized drug-prescription applications. A work package drug information modeling is described which was part of the European OPADE project. We describe the content and structure of a Drug Knowledge Base (DKB) designed to meet the requirements of decision-support systems in the domain of drug therapy, and to facilitate data transfer from various information sources. The definition of the DKB content is derived from the analysis of information requirements at the various stages of the process of the clinical usage of drugs (prescribing, administration, and follow-up). The DKB structure results from the classification of the various data items along two dimensions: (1) entities in the pharmaco-therapeutic domain for which information must be defined (the PharmacoTherapeutic Group, the Component, the ManufacturedPreparation, and the Presentation), and (2) the validity score of the pharmaco-therapeutic information (international, national, or local).

Drug Administration Schedule↗

PubMed1994

OPADE: optimization of drug prescription using advanced informatics.

The computerized drug prescription system (CDPS) is an old, almost obsolete, dream, and numerous researchers have developed prototypes or even full fledged packages. But few systems are currently used in clinical practice. The OPADE project, presented in this paper, aims at developing a computerized system which allows for optimization of drug prescription from a medical, patient compliance and economical point of view; the system will be adapted to different European countries, integrated and customized to local medical practice so as to insure user acceptance.

Computer Systems↗

PubMed1993

OPADE: development of an European computerized drug prescription system.

Many computerized drug prescription systems have been developed but they are rarely used in clinical practice because of their lack of integration with the functioning of medical institutions and the difficulty of building and maintaining a complete knowledge base on drugs. We present in this paper a system, called OPADE, which answers these shortcomings and we argue that a system actually used by practitioners may introduce a positive feed back loop in the prescribing process.

Clinical Pharmacy Information Systems↗