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Biomedical subjects

B Sahin

Publications and source records attributed to B Sahin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Endoscopic treatment of pancreatic fistulas.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic fistulas are managed primarily by conservative treatment. Surgery is performed in cases of conservative treatment failure. Endoscopic treatment is reported to be both effective and safe as an alternative treatment method. METHODS: A total of 26 patients underwent endoscopic treatment after failure of conservative treatment between January 2002 and November 2004. The mean time between the onset of fistula and the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure was 95 days. The mean fistula output volume was 400 ml per day. Four patients had pancreatic ascites. The aim of the endoscopic treatment was to bypass the ductal disruption by placing stents or drains where the origin of fistulous tract could be identified, and to lower the pancreatic duct pressure by performing pancreatic sphincterotomy or by placing stents where the site of the leak could not be identified. RESULTS: Pancreatography could be performed in all the patients except one. Partial duct disruption occurred in 16 patients. All of the fistulas closed after the ductal disruption was bypassed. Pancreatic sphincterotomy or endoprothesis placement was effective for eight of the remaining nine patients in whom the ductal disruption originated from the tail of the pancreas and hence could not be bypassed. The overall success rate was 94% for the patients with partial duct disruption. Four patients had side branch leaks. All of them closed after placement of an endoprothesis. Fistulas closed in only one (20%) of the five patients with complete duct disruption. Pancreatic ascites resolved in two of the four patients after endoscopic treatment. No serious complications resulted from endoscopic treatment other than proximally migrated stents in two patients. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic treatment is an effective and safe method for patients with pancreatic fistulas unresponsive to conservative treatment. The success rate is very high, especially for patients with partial and side branch duct disruption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Effects of constant lightness, darkness and parachlorophenylalanine treatment on tail regeneration in the lizard Ophisops elegans macrodactylus: macroscopic, biochemical and histological changes.

A better understanding of regenerative growth is very important for the development of new potential strategies. Recently, the pineal secretory product melatonin was shown to stimulate the regeneration process. In this study, we carried out an experimental investigation of tail regeneration in young adult lizards, Ophisops elegans macrodactylus Berthold, 1842, addressing the role of melatonin on the regeneration process. Lizards were divided into three groups: constant light-exposed control group (n = 13), constant dark-exposed group (n = 15) and parachlorophenylalanine (p-CPA) treatment group exposed to constant light (n = 15). Using a tail autotomy procedure, the effects of p-CPA treatment on connective tissue together with neural tissue and vascular tissue in regenerating tail in lizards were investigated. p-CPA (400 microg/kg body mass) was injected from day 0 to 30 days after autotomy. p-CPA treatment produced a significant increase in the length of the regenerated tail compared with light-exposed control and dark-exposed lizards. Total collagen content was found to be higher in p-CPA-treated animals in comparison with other groups. Histologically, a higher percentage of connective tissue and vascular tissue and a lower percentage of neural tissue were found in the regenerated tails of the p-CPA-treated lizards. Importantly, the percentage of neural tissue in lizards in the dark-exposed animals was higher than that in animals of both light-exposed and p-CPA treatment groups. Thus, it is clear that p-CPA has a stimulatory influence on fibroblast collagen production and vascularization of the regenerated tail in the lizards. Furthermore, it seems that the neural regeneration process was markedly enhanced in lizards exposed to continuous darkness. Based on the results of our study, it is suggested that melatonin may be an active factor that speeds up the rate of tail regeneration in lacertilians.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

The effects of venous ischaemia on the subependymal and choroid plexus morphology in rat.

Morphological changes of ependyma, subependyma and choroids plexus regions were evaluated after experimental anastomotic venous occlusion in twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats. In this model, small burr holes were made over the anterior and posterior anastomotic veins and after precisely locating these vessels, bipolar coagulation and microscissors were used to perform permanent occlusion. Three days later, rats were sacrificed by perfusion and fixation and specimens were evaluated by histopathological techniques. Morphological changes of ependymal, subependymal and choroids plexus cells were evaluated in operated and intact hemispheres and revealed cell proliferation in the subventricular zone adjacent to the territory of venous occlusion in the operated hemisphere as well as midline shift, brain oedema, subcortical petechial haemorrhage, brain infarction and hemispheric swelling. In conclusion, following anterior (the vein of Throlard) and posterior (the vein of Labbé) anastomotic vein occlusion, cell proliferation can be seen in the choroids plexus, ependymal and subependymal regions in rats. We conclude that these morphological changes might be part of a self-repairing mechanism in the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Polyarteritis nodosa complicated by intrahepatic-perihepatic hemorrhage and acute appendicitis: successful treatment with cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids.

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a systemic vasculitic disease characterised by necrotising inflammation of small and medium-sized arteries. Abdominal complications due to PAN are rare, but the death rate for these cases is high. We describe a serious case of PAN that involved intrahepatic-perihepatic haemorrhage and acute appendicitis. Exploratory laparotomy and appendectomy were performed, and the patient was successfully treated with cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

Estimation of the amniotic fluid volume using the Cavalieri method on ultrasound images.

OBJECTIVES: Presently, a design-based and practical method for measuring amniotic fluid volume (AFV) for routine clinical examinations has not been proposed. In this study we describe a new method, which combines the Cavalieri method with ultrasound imaging to estimate AFV. METHODS: We measured the AFVs of 14 women in the third trimester of pregnancy, and repeated our measurements three times for each woman. Parallel planimetric ultrasonographic images were obtained at every 2 cm along the longitudinal uterine axis. AFVs were calculated as the total of the multiples of the estimated cut surface areas by the section thickness. RESULTS: The mean estimated AFV was 380.5 cm3. The coefficient of error of each measurement was calculated and the mean was 0.108. The coefficient of correlation between the amniotic fluid index and our AFV estimations was 0.87. CONCLUSIONS: Design-based and efficient estimation of AFV is possible with the combination of consecutive ultrasound images and the Cavalieri method.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed2003

Survivin and aven: two distinct antiapoptotic signals in acute leukemias.

BACKGROUND: Antiapoptotic signals are important in the development, progression and prognosis of malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to determine the two distinct antiapoptotic signals-survivin and aven-in acute leukemias and compare them with clinical and hematological findings and response to therapy. Real-time quantitative PCR was used and survivin and aven were detected at the messenger (m)RNA level. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-five patients with acute leukemia [37 with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and 28 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)] were used as the study group and 10 healthy subjects were used as the control group. RESULTS: Survivin was between 0.0 and 0.829 copy number/cell (median 0.0721, mean 0.5424301909 +/- 0.139799488589) and aven was between 0.0 and 0.853 copy number/cell (median 0.0124, mean 0.070335542 +/- 0.1524685709). We found an important association between survivin and aven (P = 0.000). Both survivin and aven were higher in the study group than in the controls (P = 0.001 and 0.035, respectively). When we compared survivin and aven with other clinical and hematological parameters, there was an important association between survivin and extramedullary involvement (P = 0.033), survivin and alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.06), white blood cell (WBC) count and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (P = 0.000), WBC count and uric acid (P = 0.074), hemoglobin level and LDH (P = 0.072), LDH and uric acid (P = 0.057), CD7 expression and survivin (P = 0.097), and CD34 expression and aven (P = 0.058). Response to therapy was evaluated according to the survivin and aven levels. Survivin level was lower in refractory patients as compared with complete responders (P = 0.085). Aven level was higher in patients with relapse as compared with non-relapse patients (P = 0.04). There was no important association between survivin or aven and performance status, lymphadenopathy or organomegaly. CONCLUSIONS: Both survivin and aven are important antiapoptotic signals in acute leukemias, and the association between extramedullary involvement, CD7 expression and CD34 expression, which are important poor prognostic indicators in acute leukemias, suggests that survivin and/or aven may be novel prognostic indicators in acute leukemias. Further studies with a higher number of patients will be more informative.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Therapeutic effects of intracarotid infusion of spermine/nitric oxide complex on cerebral vasospasm.

BACKGROUND: Vasospasm is one of the underlying causes of morbidity and mortality in subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). The therapeutic effects of intracarotid infusion of spermine/nitric oxide complex (SPER/NO) on cerebral vasospasm in an experimental model of SAH were investigated. METHOD: Twenty-four adult male New Zealand white rabbits (2.6-3.4 kg in weight) were randomly divided into four groups (n=6), as follows: (I) control group (without SAH and drug), (II) SAH alone group (with SAH, without drug), (III) SAH placebo group (with SAH and saline), and (IV) SAH-SPER/NO group (with SAH and SPER/NO). The fresh autologous non-heparinized blood was injected into the cisterna magna to induce a SAH, after 24 hour SAH, the substance (saline or SPER/NO) was delivered to animals. All rabbits were scarified at 48-hours of induced SAH. The basilar artery with surrounding tissue was removed from the cranium and processed for paraffin embedding. Histopathological and stereological examinations of the basilar artery were done. FINDINGS: In the SPER/NO treated group of rabbits, the histopathological changes were less severe than in the SAH-alone and SAH-placebo groups. Regarding the intracarotid pressure, there was a statistically significant difference between SAH-alone and SAH-SPER/NO groups and also between SAH-SPER/NO and control groups (p<0.05). The mean cross sectional area of basilar arteries was 0.26 mm(2) in the control, whereas in SAH alone, placebo and SAH-SPER/NO groups were 0.13, 0.15 and 0.20 mm(2), respectively. INTERPRETATION: It is well known that NO is a critical substance involved in cerebral vascular dynamics. Present results indicate that treatment of vasospasm with SPER/NO in SAH may be promising. However, further studies should be done on this substance to clarify its effect on vasospasm before using the drug in clinical situations.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

MUC1 expression in plasmacytoma.

Plasmacytoma (Pm) is a plasma cell (PC) neoplasia consisting of PCs and some of them show progression to multiple myeloma. But there is no clear indicators predicting this progression. In this study, MUC1 expression was evaluated in Pm cases to determine the predictive value and was compared with histopathologic grade which is known to be a prognostic indicator in Pm. Nine of 31 cases with Pm showed MUC1 expression. Only two of the 18 cases with mature morphology showed MUC1 expression while seven of 13 cases with immature morphology showed MUC1 expression and this was statistically significant (P<0.006). Additionally, four of 11 cases with BM involvement showed MUC1 expression while five of 20 cases without BM involvement showed MUC1 expression. There was a trend MUC1 expression with BM involvement but there was not statistically significant association between MUC1 expression and BM involvement. We found that MUC1 expression is associated with immature morphology which is an important prognostic indicator in Pm and by analogy MUC1 expression may be an additional prognostic indicator in patients with Pm.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A presenting with cardiac arrest.

The occurrence of respiratory failure in progressive neuromuscular disorders is well recognized. This failure is observed most commonly in Duchenne dystrophy but sometimes occurs in Becker's, limb-girdle, and facioscapulohumeral dystrophies. Patients usually present acutely or subacutely with cyanosis and cor pulmonale, with severe decompensation often being precipitated by an acute intercurrent infection. However, cardiopulmonary arrest is an uncommon presentation. A male diagnosed with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A who presented with cardiopulmonary arrest that was precipitated by an upper respiratory tract infection is presented. The nocturnal application of noninvasive intermittent positive pressure ventilation with a bilevel positive airway pressure (Bi-PAP) device improved his symptoms and quality of life without resorting to more-invasive and more-restrictive forms of support. This report demonstrates an unusual presentation of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and documents that nocturnal nasal administration of continuous airway pressure using the Bi-PAP device may be sufficient to maintain adequate ventilation in such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

A simple technique to measure the movements of the microscope stage along the x and y axes for stereological methods.

Measurements of microscope stage movements in the x and y directions are of importance for some stereological methods such as the optical disector and optical fractionator. The length of stage movements can be measured with great precision and accuracy using a suitable motorized stage, which is generally a computer-assisted instrument. This type of equipment is generally too expensive for and not readily available in many laboratories. This paper describes a simple method to measure the movements of the microscope stage along the x and y directions, which can be used for purposes such as systematic uniform random sampling. It needs a microscope attachment consisting of two dial indicators; one of them is used to measure the amount of stage movement along the x-axis and the other measures the amount of movement along the y-axis. Movements of the stage on the micrometre-scale can be measured easily using this device.

Journal Article↗