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B Sakakibara

Publications and source records attributed to B Sakakibara.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Serum amyloid A, cytokines, and corticosterone responses in germfree and conventional mice after lipopolysaccharide injection.

To determine why germfree mice are less susceptible to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) than conventional mice, we studied serum levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, and corticosterone in mice after treatment with LPS. A single injection of LPS caused an elevation of SAA, an acute-phase protein in the mouse, in both conventional and germfree IQI mice, and the response was significantly less in germfree mice. LPS-induced elevations of serum TNF, IL-1, and IL-6 levels were also significantly less in germfree mice, while serum corticosterone levels were greater in germfree mice than in conventional mice. These results suggest that the lower susceptibility to LPS and a smaller response of SAA elevation by LPS in germfree mice may result from less elevation in serum of these cytokines in these mice, which are known to mediate the acute phase response of SAA. High levels of serum corticosterone in germfree mice may be partly responsible for the lower responsiveness of these inflammatory cytokines to LPS in these mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The differences of the metabolism related to vitamin B6-dependent enzymes among vitamin B6-deficient germ-free and conventional rats.

The differences of the metabolism related to vitamin B6-dependent enzymes were investigated using germ-free and conventional rats. There was a significant difference in the boyd weight gain between vitamin B6-deficient germ-free and conventional rats after about 30 days of the experiment, and the body weight gain was much less in the deficient germ-free rats than in the deficient conventional ones. Urinary excretion of xanthurenic acid was higher in the deficient germ-free rats than in the deficient conventional ones after 18 days. There was a significant difference in the activities of kynurenine aminotransferase in mitochondrial fractions of germ-free rats, but not in mitochondrial fractions of conventional ones. The activities of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, with or without pyridoxal phosphate, significantly decreased in the deficient germ-free rats, but not in the deficient conventional ones. These findings indicate that the degree of vitamin B6 deficiency was more severe in the deficient germ-free rats than in the deficient conventional ones, and also suggest that intestinal microflora may have some effects on vitamin B6-deficient conventional rats.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1979

Effect of vitamin B6 deficiency on the levels of several water-soluble vitamins in tissues of germ-free and conventional rats.

The influence of vitamin B6 deficiency on the levels of several water-soluble vitamins and on acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase activity was investigated using of germ-free and conventional rats. Judging from the vitamin B6 levels in tissues and the percent of decrease, the degree of vitamin B6 deficiency was more severe in the tissues of deficient germ-free rats than in deficient conventional rats. Nicotine acid, pantothenic acid and biotin levels per wet weight significantly decreased in the liver of vitaminB6-deficient germ-free rats, and nicotine acid levels per wet weight significant decreased in the liver of deficient conventional rats. In the kidney of vitamin B6-deficient germ-free rats, a significant decrease in riboflavin and biotin levels was observed, although there was no observable difference in riboflavin, nicotinic acid, biotin and patothenic acid levels in the kidney of deficient conventional rats. From an enzymatic standpoint, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase activity was especially significantly decreased in both germ-free and conventional rats fed a vitamin B6-deficient diet, and the percent od decrease was more in germ-free rats than in conventional ones. These findings suggest that vitamin B6 deficiency had stronger effects on the levels of water-soluble vitamins in germ-free rats compared with conventional rats.

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase↗
PubMed1979

Observations of the concentration of zinc and iron in tissues of vitamin B6-deficient germ-free rats.

The transition of zinc and iron metabolism in vitamin B6 deficiency was investigated using germ-free and conventional rats. In contrast to previous reports, a decrease in zinc content was not observed in the liver, pancreas, kindney, spleen, lung or testes of vitamin B6-deficient conventional and germ-free rats, but we found an increase in zinc content in the kidney of conventional rats and in the liver and spleen of germ-free rats. Vitamin B6-deficient conventional and germ-free rats retained more iron in their tissues than the control animals did, except for the spleen of germ-free rats. The deposit of iron was more evident in vitamin B6-deficient germ-free rats than in vitamin B6-deficient conventional rats, and is possibly proportional to the degree of vitamin B6 deficiency. It is possible that the deposit of iron in the organs had some influence on metabolic disorders in vitamin B6-deficient rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen for the temporary ischaemic myocardium. Macroscopic and histological data.

A protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen immediately after reopening of occluded coronary blood flow for the temporary ischaemic myocardial muscle was studied. Thirty dogs were used in this study, and 20 dogs were sacrificed after 4 h and 10 dogs were sacrificed after 5 d. Temporary occlusion of coronary artery (from 30 min to 2 h) was produced by ligation. One group were controls and the other group were a hyperbaric group in which dogs breathed 100% oxygen at an absolute pressure of 2 atmospheres before and after release of coronary ligation. The macroscopic extent of ischaemic area was studied by using nitroblue tetrazolium and microscopic and ECG findings were examined. By breathing oxygen at high pressure immediately after reopening of occluded coronary blood flow, the ischaemic area was markedly reduced. In such cases, some myocardial muscles around the arterioles and sinusoids, even when these vessels existed in the ischaemic area, were kept in a viable state. The repair of necrotic myocardial muscles was promoted histologically. Serious arrhythmia, especially ventricular fibrillation, was also well suppressed, and the stable haemodynamic conditions were obtained during operative procedures. No harmful side effects of hyperbaric oxygen were observed. One of the most effective treatments of acute myocardial infarction involves reconstruction of the occluded coronary artery as soon as possible after the onset of myocardial infarction by using these advantages of hyperbaric oxygen.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of myocardial revascularization on acute phase of myocardial infacrtion. Macroscopic, histological and electrocardiographic data.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the time during which the emergency reconstruction of the occluded coronary artery is most effective. This problem was examined from the viewpoint of the extent of reversibility of the damage to ischemic myocardial muscle, by using forty nine mongrel dogs. The surgical reconstruction of the occluded coronary artery within 6 hours after the onset of myocardial infarction was most effective. In such cases, the extent of myocardial infarction remained small in size, and the healing of necrotic myocardial muscle was hastened. Thus, the development of cardiac failure was well protected.

Acute Disease↗