Biomedical subjects

B Schnebel

Publications and source records attributed to B Schnebel.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

No detection of avian influenza A viruses of the subtypes H5 and H7 and isolation of lentogenic avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 in passerine birds during stopover in the year 2001 on the island Helgoland (North Sea).

A total of 543 migrating passerines were captured during their stopover on the island of Helgoland (North Sea) in spring and autumn 2001. They were sampled for the detection of avian influenza A viruses (AIV) subtypes H5 and H7, and for avian paramyxoviruses serotype 1 (APMV-1). The goal of the study was to examine the role of migrating birds as potential vectors for these zoonotic viral diseases. For virus detection samples were taken from a) short-distance migrants such as chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs, n = 131) and song trushes (Turdus philomelos, n = 169), and b) long-distance migrants such as garden warbler (Sylvia borin, n = 142) and common redstarts (Phoenicurus phoenicurus, n = 101). Virus detection was done on conjunctival, choanal cleft and cloacal swabs. Embryonated SPF chicken eggs were used to isolate and propagate virus followed by virus identification in a hemagglutination test, hemagglutination inhibition test and in an agar gel diffusion test. In none of the tested samples AIV was detected. Therefore, we conclude that the tested four species of passerines were infected by these pathogens. Six out of 543 birds (1.1 %) were found to carry non-pathogenic and lentogenic strains of APMV-1. This indicates that the passerine species examined in this study may play only a minor role as potential vectors of APMV-1.

Animal Migration↗

PubMed1989

Comparison of MRI to contrast CT in the diagnosis of spinal stenosis.

Retrospectively, the MR (magnetic resonance) and contrast CT (computed tomography examinations of 41 patients (123 segments) were objectively scored to evaluate spinal stenosis and disc degeneration. Five categories to evaluate stenosis included the facet joint, foramina, central canal, disc on sagittal section, and disc on axial section. In addition, the ability to demonstrate spondylolysis was compared. The examinations were interpreted by a single observer blinded to the results. Comparisons show 96.6% agreement between MR and contrast CT in the diagnosis of spinal stenosis. Magnetic resonance showed disc degeneration in 74 of 123 segments, while CT showed disc degeneration disease in 27 of 123 segments. Spondylolysis was recognized at three segments on both MR and CT. In conclusion, MR and contrast CT are comparable in their abilities to demonstrate spinal stenosis, and MR is more sensitive in demonstrating disc degeneration.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Dynamic EMG analysis of torque transfer in professional baseball pitchers.

Fifteen professional baseball pitchers underwent active pitching motion analysis of the abdominal oblique, rectus abdominis, lumbar paraspinous and gluteus maximus muscles bilaterally via surface electrode evaluation. Baseline resting and isometric maximum values were obtained and active data referenced against these for comparison. The muscle activity then was measured during the pitching sequence and analyzed in each of the five pitching phases. The abdominal oblique, lumbar paraspinous and rectus abdominis contralateral to the pitching arm and the ipsilateral gluteus maximus all had increases in activity level of 75 to 100% during the active pitching motion. Using these data indicating specific muscle group patterns with clinical and performance data, we hope to minimize injuries and maximize pitching performance.

Abdominal Muscles↗

PubMed1988

Severe spondylolisthesis. Reduction and internal fixation.

The authors have developed and algorithm for management of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. Since March 1983, 15 patients with an average age of 20 years and with greater than 50% anterior displacement have been treated. The mean follow-up period is 24 months. Before surgery the average anterior displacement was 72%, the average delta angle at L5-S1 representing kyphosis was 73 degrees, and the average lumbar lordosis from L1 to L5 was 64 degrees. An anterior release and fusion was combined with a posterior reduction and instrumentation using the internal fixator. Correction of the anterior displacement averaged 46%, while the kyphosis was corrected a mean of 20 degrees and the lordosis a mean of 12 degrees. The L4 segment was preserved in 13 cases and the L4-L5 angle was improved by a mean of 7 degrees. Postoperative pain and function were improved in all cases. Neurologic complications occurred in four patients, three permanent and one temporary. Hardware failure occurred in two patients, and reoperation has been required in one. Further follow-up evaluation of this technique is required.

Adolescent↗