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Biomedical subjects

B Shine

Publications and source records attributed to B Shine.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Serum C-reactive protein in normal and infected neonates.

Serum C-reactive protein determinations were performed on well and sick neonates, in order to gain information about normal values and its value in the diagnosis of neonatal septicaemia. The median value in 48 cord sera was 200 micrograms/l (range 15 to greater than 6,000 micrograms/L); there was no correlation between paired maternal and cord serum CRP levels (12 pairs). Thirty-six children were followed from birth for a mean of 20 days. There were 21 episodes of confirmed infection in 16 children, each associated with a sustained rise in C-reactive protein, often commencing before there was clinical evidence of infection. In four patients with raised levels, infection was suspected, but no firm evidence was obtained. In the remaining 16 children there were no values above 10 mg/l, and the 95th centile was about 6 mg/l, with no difference between values obtained in the first three days of life and those found subsequently. Hyaline membrane disease and jaundice were not associated with a rise. Raised serum C-reactive proteins is a good indicator of the presence of infection in the neonatal period.

C-Reactive Protein↗
PubMed1985

C-reactive protein as an aid in the differentiation of functional and inflammatory bowel disorders.

Eighty-two patients were investigated on their first visit to the outpatient department of St. Mark's Hospital, London, for the assessment of abdominal symptoms. In addition to the clinical examination, a rectal biopsy, routine tests and appropriate special investigations, blood was taken from each patient for the determination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. Nineteen patients were finally diagnosed as having Crohn's disease, twenty-two ulcerative colitis, and forty-one functional bowel disorders. All the patients with Crohn's disease had an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level as had 11 (50%) of the patients with ulcerative colitis, but none with functional disorders. All cases of ulcerative colitis could be diagnosed by rectal biopsy. Measurement of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein provided no additional diagnostic information. A combination of rectal biopsy, and measurement of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein successfully distinguishes between inflammatory disease of the large and small bowel and functional bowel syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Immunoassays for serum C-reactive protein employing fluorophore-labelled reactants.

Two simple rapid and precise fluorescence assays for determining serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) are described which employ sheep antibodies to CRP covalently linked to magnetisable cellulose/iron oxide particles. The first (a fluoroimmunoassay) is based on competitive binding of CRP in the sample or standard with fluorescein-labelled CRP, a 30 min incubation time, simple separation with a magnet followed by elution of the bound fraction into alkaline methanol and fluorescence quantitation. In the second (a 'sandwich' immunofluorometric assay) an excess of solid-phase linked antiserum is incubated with sample and fluorescein-labelled purified sheep anti-CRP immunoglobulin followed by separation, elution and quantitation of the bound fraction. The assays cover the ranges 3-400 mg/l and 3-70 mg/l respectively and the results correlate well with those obtained by radial immunodiffusion and radioimmunoassay.

C-Reactive Protein↗
PubMed1984

Retinal vein occlusion: C-reactive protein and arterial hypertension.

Eighty-six patients with retinal vein occlusion (37 with central, 49 with branch vein occlusion) and 31 patients with treated essential arterial hypertension were investigated for comparison to an age-matched control group. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and plasma viscosity were measured. Serum CRP levels (log10 values) were significantly elevated in patients, with hypertension (P less than 0.001) or with retinal vein occlusion (P less than 0.001) compared to control. The highest mean value of serum CRP were found in patients with both hypertension and retinal vein occlusion, and the values of ESR and serum CRP were significantly higher in this group when compared to normotensive patients with retinal vein occlusion (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01, respectively) or to control (P less than 0.001). Increased inflammatory activity may be present in patients with hypertension or retinal vein occlusion. In particular hypertensive patients with elevated serum CRP levels may be more at risk of developing retinal vein occlusion.

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1982

Radiometric ligand binding assay for C-reactive protein. Complexed C-reactive protein is not detectable in acute phase serum.

A radiometric ligand binding assay for human C-reactive protein (CRP) was established using pneumococcal C polysaccharide (CPS) coupled to magnetizable cellulose particles as the solid phase ligand. Competition for binding to the solid phase between 125I-CRP and unlabelled CRP permitted detection of 30 micrograms/l of CRP and the precise assay of concentrations up to 3000 micrograms/l. Identical results were obtained when the assay was used to quantitate isolated pure CRP and pure CRP added to normal human serum. However in vitro addition of known ligands for CRP to acute phase serum resulted in lowering of the apparent CRP concentration in this assay and addition of as little as 1 microgram/l of free CPS or 1 mg/l of lecithin was demonstrable in this way. A combination of the ligand binding assay and the standard electroimmunoassay for CRP was therefore used to test acute phase sera for the presence of CRP complexed in vitro. No evidence of complexed CRP was detected among sera containing between 1-319 mg/l of CRP from patients with Hodgkin's disease (10), rheumatoid arthritis (10), Crohn's disease (19) and various microbial infections (11), including six with subacute bacterial endocarditis. Since it is likely that CRP does form complexes with its ligands in the plasma these results suggest that complexed CRP is rapidly cleared from the circulation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Solid phase radioimmunoassays for human C-reactive protein.

Two new, rapid and sensitive radioimmunoassays for human C-reactive protein (CRP) have been established using antiserum coupled to magnetizable cellulose particles, which facilitate phase separation. A single antibody method, using solid phase anti-CRP, provides a sensitivity of 50 microgram/l with a 1-h incubation time and intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation of 10%. A double antibody method, using fluid phase rabbit anti-CRP serum and solid phase sheep anti-rabbit IgG serum, provides a sensitivity of 3 microgram/l with an overnight incubation and intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation of 10%. Among 468 sera from normal adult volunteer blood donors the median CRP concentration was 800 microgram/l, interquartile range 340-1700 microgram/l and range 70-29,000 microgram/l. Ninety percent of samples contained less than 3 mg/l and 99% less than 10 mg/l. Low levels (14-650 microgram/l) of CRP were detected both in amniotic fluids and in cerebrospinal fluids.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Platelet function in diabetes mellitus in relationship to complications, glycosylated haemoglobin and serum lipoproteins.

Mean levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were highly significantly elevated in diabetes compared to controls (72.6 v. 36.3 ng/ml, P less than 0.0005; 48.5 v. 16.5 ng/ml, P less than 0.0005; respectively) as was malondialdehyde formation (12.4 v. 8.1 nmol/10(9) platelets, P less than 0.0005). Diabetes with retinopathy had significantly higher levels of beta-thromboglobulin than those without retinopathy (79 v. 70 ng/ml; P less than 0.042). However, those diabetics without clinical evidence of vascular disease had levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 significantly higher than controls. beta-Thromboglobulin did not correlate with glycosylated haemoglobin but did correlate significantly with individual lipid and lipoprotein levels (beta-thromboglobulin v. total triglyceride, P less than 0.029; v. VLDL triglyceride, P less than 0.041; v. LDL cholesterol, P less than 0.042; v. HDL/total cholesterol ratio, P less than 0.02). Abnormal platelet function may contribute to the vascular complications of diabetes mellitus.

Beta-Globulins↗
PubMed1975

Bicarbonate excretion in kwashiorkor.

Children with kwashiorkor have an impairment of bicarbonate excretion which may result in the inappropriate production of acid urine in the presence of systemic alkalosis. This defect has resolved after 2 weeks of treatment.

Bicarbonates↗