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Biomedical subjects

B Sjögren

Publications and source records attributed to B Sjögren.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The influence of maternal protein deprivation on the developmental pattern of serum immunoreactive insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels.

The influence of maternal protein deprivation on body and brain growth and on serum immunoreactive insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels was examined in rats during development. The offspring of protein-deprived mothers were significantly growth-retarded postnatally and showed an altered developmental pattern of serum immunoreactive IGF-I levels. In contrast to control animals, between days 5 and 20 postnatally, a significant elevation in serum immunoreactive IGF-I levels which peaked at day 15 was found. However, in adult growth-retarded rats a significant reduction in serum immunoreactive IGF-I levels was found. These findings suggested the preweaning period to be critical for the development of the mature somatomedin system.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Exposure and urinary excretion of aluminum during welding.

The exposure and urinary excretion of aluminum was studied among three previously unexposed volunteers and six welders exposed to welding fumes containing aluminum. The aluminum concentrations in air and urine were determined. The urinary aluminum concentrations rose rapidly in volunteers exposed only for 1 d and returned to the preexposure levels with an estimated half-time of about 8 h. The welders were monitored for one workweek. During the subsequent weekend a decrease in the urinary concentrations occurred in the three welders exposed for two years or less, but such a decrease was not observed among welders exposed for more than 15 years. The urinary concentrations of aluminum were dependent partly on the level of current exposure and partly on the duration of exposure. The data suggest that welders exposed to welding fumes containing aluminum may retain some of the inhaled metal fume for extended periods of time.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function among welders working with aluminum, stainless steel and railroad tracks.

Sixty-four aluminum welders, 46 stainless steel welders, and 149 railroad track welders were investigated regarding respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function (forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s). Referents consisted of nonwelding industrial workers and railroad workers. All groups of welders showed a higher frequency of chronic bronchitis symptoms than their respective referents. Respiratory symptoms were related to ozone concentrations in welders working with aluminum. In stainless steel and railroad track welders respiratory symptoms were related to chromium exposure rather than to total particle exposure. The pulmonary function was not affected in any of the welding groups studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Resistance to 6-thioguanine in spontaneously cycling and in mitogen-stimulated human peripheral lymphocytes.

Spontaneously cycling lymphocytes (in cell division in cultures without addition of phytohemagglutinin, PHA) go through the various phases of the first division with the same kinetics as PHA-stimulated cells. In samples from 10 referents, the frequency of spontaneously cycling lymphocytes varied from 8.9 X 10(-5)-9.5 X 10(-3) as indicated with autoradiography on cells in (S + G2) phase determined by flow sorting. In PHA-stimulated samples from the same persons the frequency of 6-thioguanine (TG)-resistant variants was between 4 X 10(-7) and 2.6 X 10(-6), which indicates that most of the spontaneously cycling cells were TG-sensitive. With lymphocytes from one of the referents it was found that: (i) in the presence of 2 X 10(-4) M TG, more than 97% of the spontaneously cycling cells were inhibited before or in early S phase, and (ii) when a flow cytometer was set to sort out TG-resistant cells in late S + G2 phase after 48 h incubation in medium with PHA, the contribution of TG-resistant cells from the spontaneously cycling fraction amounted to less than 2% of the total number of resistant cells.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1984

Environmental factors and uptake of cadmium among brazers using cadmium-containing hard solders.

The influence of different work factors on the uptake of cadmium has been studied in 102 brazers working at least 10% of their work day with cadmium-containing hard solders. The blood concentrations of cadmium varied between less than 1 and 113 micrograms/L (less than 9 and 1010 nmol/L). Blood cadmium concentrations were below 10 micrograms/L (89 nmol/L) in 71 brazers and 31 brazers had levels equal to or above that value. The importance of some environmental factors on the blood-level of cadmium was studied with discrimination analysis. The length of the splice was found to be almost the sole determining factor for the cadmium concentration in blood. All brazers working with splices shorter than 2 cm had blood concentrations below 10 micrograms/L, while 87% of the brazers working with splices longer than 10 cm had blood concentrations equal to or above 10 micrograms/L. Other factors like age, sex, exposure time, smoking habit and brazing method were devoid of any measurable importance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[First time].

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Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Urine chromium as an estimator of air exposure to stainless steel welding fumes.

Welding stainless steel with covered electrodes, also called manual metal arc welding, generates hexavalent airborne chromium. Chromium concentrations in air and post-shift urine samples, collected the same arbitrarily chosen working day, showed a linear relationship. Since post-shift urine samples reflect chromium concentrations of both current and previous stainless steel welding fume exposure, individual urine measurements are suggested as approximate although not exact estimators of current exposure. This study evaluates the practical importance of such measurements by means of confidence limits and tests of validity.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Excretion of adrenaline, noradrenaline, vanilmandelic acid and metanephrines in 64 patients with pheochromocytoma. Results of repeated analyses in patients with sustained and paroxysmal hypertension.

Sixty-four patients with pheochromocytoma were operated upon at Sahlgrenska Hospital during 1956-82. The excretion of adrenaline and/or noradrenaline as well as their metabolites was high at each observation in 28 subjects with sustained hypertension, one patient, however, showing only slightly increased excretion of adrenaline at one observation. Another of the hypertensive patients consistently displayed normal amounts of vanilmandelic acid and metanephrines. Most of 28 patients with paroxysmal hypertension showed similar results. In five subjects with few attacks, however, normal findings were obtained on one or several occasions. Among the remaining patients the excretion of catecholamines was normal in the face of severe hypertension in two, the high blood pressure being probably due to diseases other than pheochromocytoma. Five normotensive subjects without hypertensive attacks presented variable findings. The results from analyses of catecholamines were somewhat more helpful than those from measurements of vanilmandelic acid, which failed completely in one hypertensive patient and in three others with paroxysmal attacks.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Aluminium in the blood and urine of industrially exposed workers.

Blood and urine aluminium concentrations were studied in industrially exposed workers using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Welders and workers making aluminium powder and aluminium sulphate had higher concentrations in blood and urine than non-exposed referents. Workers in the electrolytic production of aluminium had higher urine but not blood concentrations than the referents. Thus aluminium was found to be absorbed by all industrially exposed workers. Blood concentrations were lower than those presumably associated with aluminium induced encephalopathy in patients receiving dialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pulmonary function and concentrations of alpha 1-antitrypsin and immunoglobulin E in workers exposed to pancreatic enzymes.

Fourteen workers exposed to pancreatic enzymes in tanneries were studied by interview, spirometry, and the single-breath nitrogen washout technique. Blood concentrations of alpha 1-antitrypsin and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were determined. For each exposed subject a nonexposed referent was selected, matched by sex, age, height and smoking habits. Symptoms in the airways were reported by four of the 14 subjects when weighing pancreatic enzymes. The exposed group did not show any deterioration in pulmonary volumes, forced expiratory flow, airway closure, or gas distribution when compared to the referents. The exposed group had significantly higher plasma levels of alpha 1-antitrypsin than the referents. This elevation might be a compensatory response to increased levels of proteases within the lungs. The serum levels of IgE did not differ between the groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Evidence for the presence of specific receptors for insulin-like growth factors 1 (IGE-1) and 2 (IGF-2) and insulin throughout the adult human brain.

The present study examines adult human brain tissue for the presence of receptors for insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) 1 and 2 and insulin. Binding sites for all hormones were widely distributed throughout the brain removed at autopsy, with the highest specific binding being found in the various cortical regions. Cross-reaction studies performed on frontal lobe biopsy material indicated specific binding sites for IGF-1 and insulin whereas iodinated IGF-2 was equally displaced by IGF-1 and IGF-2, suggesting the presence of an additional IGF-2-like binding site in the adult brain.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Thyroid hormone resistance in a 35-year old man with recurrent goitre.

Without firm diagnosis a 16-year old boy was submitted to subtotal thyroidectomy because of a diffuse goitre and emotional instability. No definite improvement was obtained in the alleged toxic symptoms and the goitre recurred. During subsequent years increased serum concentrations of thyroid hormones have repeatedly been observed in the absence of clear-cut hyperthyroid symptoms. Judging from clinical examination and a normal basal metabolic rate the patient, now 35 years old, was euthyroid at the present study. Basal serum-TSH concentration was normal to slightly elevated; it was definitely abnormal in relation to the high serum concentration of free T4. Serum T4, T3 and rT3 concentrations were also abnormally high in the face of normal levels of TBG and prealbumin. Agarose gel electrophoresis revealed normal binding pattern for T4. After 200 micrograms of TRH intravenously there was an abnormally high rise of serum TSH. Concentrations of prolactin and glycopeptide-hormone alpha subunit as well as the pituitary-gonadal and adrenocortical functions were normal. Sella turcica was seemingly normal. During oral administration of T3, 160 micrograms daily for 5 days, the circulating T4, free T4 and rT3 concentrations decreased and the response to TRH was suppressed to that found in normal, untreated individuals. However, no clinical response to the drug was seen and the metabolic rate was unchanged. The patient had poor performance at school but acceptable performance at routine manual work. He had defective colour vision, a refractory anomaly, neurogenic auditory damage but no skeletal abnormalities. Laboratory investigation revealed features characteristic of partial thyroid hormone resistance in the pituitary and the peripheral tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A retrospective cohort study of mortality among stainless steel welders.

Hexavalent chromium particles are generated in the welding of stainless steel. These particles have manifested a mutagenic action in bacterial test systems and produced chromosome aberrations in cultured Chinese hamster cells. Welders who had welded stainless steel for more than 5 a during 1950--1965 were selected for this study. According to an earlier survey the hexavalent chromium exposure of such welders was often about 50 microgram/m3 (calculated as CrO3). The cohort was followed until December 1977. The expected number of deaths was calculated from cause-, gender-, age-, and year-specific death rates of the general population in Sweden. In the cohort, consisting of 234 welders, the observed numbers of total deaths and deaths caused by tumors were the same as the expected numbers. However, three welders had died of pulmonary tumors in comparison to the expected number of 0.68 (p = 0.03).

Aged↗