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Biomedical subjects

B Smevik

Publications and source records attributed to B Smevik.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Acute physiological changes in canine kidneys following exposure to extracorporeal shock waves.

Nine anesthetized dogs were studied for four to five hours after administration of extracorporeal shock waves to one kidney, the contralateral organ serving as control. Urinary excretion of electrolytes, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) and kallikrein, clearances of creatinine, inulin and para-amino-hippuric acid (PAH), serum aldosterone level and plasma renin activity (PRA) were determined. On the exposed side there was a significant increase in urinary flow and urinary NAG excretion, and a significant fall in urinary osmolality. Effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) was reduced and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) unchanged, thus filtration fraction (FF) was increased. Extraction of PAH was significantly reduced compared with the control kidney. On the control side there was a significant increase in urinary flow and excretion of electrolytes, and a significant fall in urinary osmolality. GFR was increased and ERPF unchanged. FF therefore increased also on this side. The mean rise of PRA in the exposed kidney was higher than in the control kidney, the difference being not significant (p = 0.09). Our results may indicate a triggering of the renin-angiotensin system, and an effect on proximal tubular function following exposure of extracorporeal shock waves.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Iohexol for contrast enhancement of bowel in pediatric abdominal CT.

Abdominal CT scans from 160 examinations performed on pediatric patients using iohexol 2 percent as contrast medium for bowel enhancement were evaluated retrospectively. When diluted with a beverage of the child's choice, iohexol has a neutral taste and cannot be detected, and 139 out of 142 patients drank the full amount of dilute contrast offered to them. The enhancement of bowel in the area of interest was graded as good (58%), reasonable (23%), or poor (19%). The contrast medium was prepared from leftovers from our angiocardiography studies. We conclude that the use of water-soluble contrast medium in a low concentration is a safe and cost-effective way of facilitating ingestion of sufficient amounts of the medium in oncologic pediatric patients undergoing cytotoxic and/or radiation treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Balloon dilatation of pulmonary artery banding in dogs: an experimental study.

The technique at our institution for banding of the pulmonary artery (PA) makes debanding by balloon dilatation theoretically possible. Previously we tested this hypothesis in an in vitro study (see previous article in this issue). This study describes balloon dilatation in dogs. Eight Labrador Retriever dogs had a PA band placed early in life, and when their body weight had doubled, they were restudied and debanded by balloon dilatation or surgical removal. One dog died of a virus infection before debanding and was excluded from the study. Five of the dogs (groups 1 and 2) underwent balloon dilatation with satisfactory relief of the gradient across the PA band. Two dogs (group 3) underwent surgical debanding without a plastic procedure on the PA, and this also produced satisfactory relief of the gradient. All dogs in group 2 and 1 dog in group 3 were studied 3 months later, and 1 dog in group 2 was also studied 6 months after the debanding procedure. The systolic pressure gradient fell from a mean of 54 to 18 mm Hg after the debanding procedure. There was no difference in the gradient after debanding in the balloon group compared to the surgical group.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

In vitro balloon dilatation of the banded pulmonary artery.

The pulmonary artery of unfixated human heart-lung specimens was banded by placing a Dacron tape around the artery and securing the tape with a 5.0 Prolene suture at selected circumferences. The banding was successfully dilated with a balloon catheter in 24 instances. The mean pressure necessary to burst the suture securing the tape was 2.4 atmospheres.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1988

Computed tomography of a tuberculous paravertebral abscess.

Spinal tuberculosis with extensive abscess formation in a 5-year-old girl of Asian origin is reported. The role of CT in the preoperative visualisation of the different compartments of the lesion, including extra- and intraspinal extension, is discussed. At present, CT seems to be the method of choice in the preoperative study of infectious spinal and paraspinal processes.

Abscess↗
PubMed1988

Aortic wall lesion in balloon dilatation of coarctation of the aorta.

A successful balloon dilatation of a native coarctation of the aorta was done in a five-day-old child. Two days later she was operated upon because of critical aortic stenosis, but died. The post-mortem examination showed a lesion of the intima and media at the coarctation site, and it seemed that the adventitia alone was what prevented rupture of the vessel.

Aortic Coarctation↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomography and angiography in carcinoid liver metastases.

Fifteen patients with carcinoid metastases in the liver were examined with computed tomography (CT). In 13 patients, liver metastases were demonstrated, while 2 patients had a normal liver at CT. The attenuation of the metastases was lower than that of the liver parenchyma in 12 patients, higher in one. Angiography was performed on 10 patients, and liver metastases were diagnosed in 9. Eight patients had hypervascular metastases with dense accumulation of contrast medium. In one patient, displacement of the intrahepatic arteries was the only sign of an expansive process. In one patient, previously treated with ligation of the common hepatic artery, no signs of liver metastases could be revealed at angiography but were evident at CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Iohexol and metrizamide for urography in infants and children.

The new non-ionic contrast medium iohexol, was compared with metrizamide in a double blind investigation. Urography was performed in 40 children below 6 years of age. Adverse reactions were negligible. A small decrease in erythrocyte volume fraction (hematocrit) values after the injection was found in both groups. Excellent films were obtained in most patients and no difference in diagnostic quality between the two media was observed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1982

The risk of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with osteogenic sarcoma and testicular cancer.

Seven cases of unilateral, spontaneous pneumothorax were found in a retrospective study of 63 patients with osteogenic sarcoma who were admitted to The Norwegian Radium Hospital (NRH) in the period 1970--1977. The relative risk of pneumothorax developing doubled, from 7--14%, after the introduction of chemotherapy for this disease at NRH. This difference was not statistically significant. Pneumothorax developed in two of 18 patients (11%) with lung metastases who never received chemotherapy. Pneumothorax occurred in four of 19 patients (21%) treated with chemotherapy for manifest lung metastases, and in one of eight patients (13%) who received adjuvant chemotherapy, but in whom lung metastases developed later. Pneumothorax did not develop in 79 patients treated with chemotherapy for disseminated testicular cancer, despite the fact that 82% of these patients had manifest lung metastases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography and angiography in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Computed tomography and angiography were performed in 12 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, all demonstrated with CT. In 11, the tumor had a lower attenuation than the liver parenchyma, in one a higher attenuation. Two patients had 2 lesions. The hepatic contour protruded in 10 patients. Angiography failed to demonstrate the tumor in 3 patients. The most common angiographic findings were arterial displacement in 8 patients and a hypervascular mass in 7.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Liver attenuation values at computed tomography related to liver copper content.

Forty-three patients were examined with computed tomography of the liver and liver biopsies with measurement of hepatic copper content. All recorded liver attenuation values were within normal range, even in patients with markedly elevated hepatic copper content. No statistically significant correlation between the liver attenuation values and the copper concentrations in liver tissue was demonstrated. At present, therefore, computed tomography has no place in monitoring the development of copper accumulation.

Adolescent↗