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Biomedical subjects

B Snow

Publications and source records attributed to B Snow.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A community survey of Parkinson's disease.

In a rural community of 80,000 people 69 patients were identified as having a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. After interview and examination we found that 55 met the generally accepted diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease, 4 had possible Parkinson's disease, 6 had essential tremor, 2 had dementia and 2 had other conditions. The patients with Parkinson's disease had clinical and epidemiologic characteristics similar to those of patients in previous, mainly hospital-based, studies. These characteristics included mean age at onset (63 years), frequency rate of dementia (20%) and presence of postural tremor (11%). The pattern of treatment varied, some patients receiving more medication than is usual for the severity of their illness, and some patients receiving less than is usual. Parkinson's disease can be difficult to diagnose and manage because of the clinical variation between patients in presentation and response to treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Efficacy of soft splints in reducing severe knee-flexion contractures.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of soft splints made from polyurethane foam in reducing severe knee-flexion contractures of patients with cerebral palsy. The splints were applied nightly over a period of 10 months. Knee-flexion contractures were reduced by an average of 24 degrees in all patients. Younger patients generally presented with less severe initial contractures and had the greatest percentage of improvement. When used on a single limb when bilateral contractures were present, sympathetic reduction of the contracture occurred to varying degrees in the unsplinted limb. It is recommended that the splints be replaced regularly to maximize their effectiveness. The benefit-to-cost ratio is extremely high and their low cost makes soft splints feasible for use in developing countries and by low-income families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Brainstem auditory and visual evoked potential studies in patients with chronic cervical pain.

Brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) and visual evoked potential (VEP) studies were undertaken in 8 patients with chronic cervical pain associated with auditory and visual symptoms of more than 6 months duration. The purpose of the study was to ascertain possible central abnormalities, including posterior cervical sympathetic syndrome (Barre-Lieou syndrome), in their auditory and/or visual pathways. Patients who had been treated surgically for cervical pain were excluded from the study group. All patients had normal cervical radiographs and electromyographic findings. Six also had normal CT scans and myelograms. A criterion of the study was that abnormal results would be considered significant only if ophthalmological and/or otolaryngological work-ups failed to reveal an underlying organic abnormality. The TECA-TE 42 was used throughout the study, as well as the international Ten-Twenty System of Electrode Placement. The results showed no abnormalities in the latency, amplitude, or waveform morphology of the evoked potentials. BAEP and VEP studies do not appear to reveal central abnormalities of the auditory and visual pathways in this group of patients. However, in view of the small number of patients included in the study, no conclusions can be made with certainty and the study is continuing.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The use of clonidine for the treatment of meperidine withdrawal in a multidisciplinary pain program setting. A case presentation.

The management of iatrogenic drug dependence in individuals with pain can be more difficult than the treatment of the pain itself. In addition to a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of a patient with chronic pain, there is a need for a rapid, safe, and effective method of detoxification from opiate use. Clonidine HCl, a nonopiate, has been found, in this case presentation, to be a valuable option.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Potential pitfall of DMSA scintigraphy in patients with ureteral duplication.

A 5-wk-old male presented with radiographic findings of a duplicated collecting system. A [99mTc]DMSA scan was requested to evaluate cortical function. Images obtained immediately. postinjection showed activity restricted to the upper poles; in contrast, delayed images at 4 hr showed activity in the bladder and throughout both kidneys. Catheterizing the patient drained the activity from the bladder but had little effect on the refluxed renal activity. The early [99mTc]DMSA images were critical in making the proper interpretation. Technetium-99m DMSA is excreted into the urine and this fact needs to be considered when interpreting scans of patients with possible reflux or obstruction. When DMSA scans are obtained in pediatric patients with possible reflux, catheterization prior to the study and early images prior to the appearance of DMSA in the collecting system are recommended.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Online searching for information on medical devices.

Problems in online retrieval of information concerning medical devices are discussed, including background data regarding legislative history and terminology. An analysis of the results of searching on ten sample topics in this subject area provides a framework for approaching such problems. In addition to a consideration of recall, uniqueness, and overlap, other factors influence database selection and order of consultation. Indexing characteristics of selected health science, engineering, business, and regulatory databases play a major role in medical device information provision.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1984

Making the rough places plain: designing MEDLINE end user training.

Library personnel are frequently asked to design user education programs for orientation to medical databases online. These programs aim at promoting judicious use of online resources via searches conducted by librarian intermediaries or, more recently, at preparing end users to perform online searches themselves. This discussion will focus on factors considered in designing MEDLINE training for medical practitioners, including problems end users may encounter in extant user aids, and how these problems have been addressed in the new DIALOG Seminar for Medical professionals.

Health Occupations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The comparative results of psychologic testing in scoliosis patients treated with electrical stimulation or bracing.

Proponents of the surface stimulation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis have reported approximately 75-85% success rates in arresting progressive curvatures. Although encouraging, these results do not appear to be better than those of the more traditional brace programs. Now recognizing electrical stimulation as a viable alternative to bracing, supporters have advocated the psychologic and physical freedom with electrical stimulation as a major advantage over brace treatment. However, to date, there have been no objective psychologic studies to substantiate these claims. This prospective study was devised to detect any significant differences between a group of patients treated in a TLSO or Milwaukee brace and a group of patients treated with lateral electrical surface stimulation (LESS) (ScoliTron). The study consisted of 40 female private patients with idiopathic scoliosis treated for a minimum of 3 months. Each patient was given a set of seven standardized psychologic tests and an observer rating by the treating physician or physical therapist working with the patient. Results of the Psychological Epidemiology Research Interview (PERI) revealed that the LESS group had significantly higher self esteem than the brace group. The brace patients demonstrated a much greater perception of directed hostility than the LESS group. The coping response inventory showed the brace group to manifest a more primitive coping mechanism than the LESS group. The brace group attempted to avoid problems associated with their disease, rather than cope with them as the LESS group was better able to do. The brace group focused more on their emotions than the realistic problems of their disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

How children tell: the process of disclosure in child sexual abuse.

In an analysis of the disclosure by a large number of children from three to 17 years of age of having been sexually abused, and who were eventually confirmed as credible victims, the large majority at first denied the abuse. The authors describe disclosure as a process with definable phases and characteristics--seldom the single entity that typical investigations consider disclosure to be, thereby setting the stage for ensuring injustices and harm to the children.

Adolescent↗