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Biomedical subjects

B Sosna

Publications and source records attributed to B Sosna.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) with glandular component. A report of an unusual tumor resembling adenosarcoma.

A case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) with an unusual glandular component is reported. The tumor was found in the gastric fundus of a 93-year-old woman. Histologically, the lesion showed a biphasic adenosarcoma-like structure. Typical low-grade spindle cell patterns of GIST were intermingled with numerous and partly cystic glands. The glandular epithelium had pyloric/foveolar-like appearance, with foci of intestinal metaplasia and low-grade dysplasia. The stromal component was immunoreactive for CD117 (c-kit) and CD34, and negative for myoid and neuroid markers. The ultrastructural examination found nondescript and undifferentiated spindle cells. The gastric mucosa and submucosa near the tumor contained a small area with features of gastritis cystica profunda, with glands similar to those present inside the tumor. Therefore, a collision of GIST and gastritis cystica profunda is suggested in the histogenesis of the lesion.

Adenosarcoma↗
PubMed2004

Raman spectroscopy of tissue samples irradiated by protons.

PURPOSE: Since the number of cancer patients treated by proton irradiation has increased in the last few years, it seems appropriate to study dose-dependent effects of proton irradiation on mammalian tissues in more detail. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tissue samples of normal skin of mouse and swine, of a human tumour model xenograph, and of normal skin and a skin tumour (basal cell carcinoma) of a human patient of about 1 mm thickness were irradiated by 24 MeV protons (uniform delivered doses of 1, 7 and 50 Gy: skin of mouse and a human tumour model xenograph, and 0.5, 5 and 50 Gy: swine and human skin). Raman spectra of non-irradiated and irradiated samples were recorded and analysed. RESULTS: Amide I, P=O and C-O bond vibrations and aromatics were sensitive to the proton irradiation dose. In the C-H stretching region, the irradiation-mediated change of Raman spectra was significant only in the case of the skin tumour. CONCLUSIONS: It has been shown that Raman spectroscopy is suited to assess the radiation damage done to biological samples by protons. Proteins of the human skin tumour seem to be more sensitive to proton irradiation than proteins of normal human skin.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Reconstruction of maxilla alveolus for application of dental implant in patients with cleft defect.

The prospective study of dental implant application into the reconstructed maxilla alveolus of cleft patients was started in 2001. Its aims are to specify precisely the indications, conditions and techniques, as well as the factors justifying the assumption that the results will be successful. Indication was based on an examination by a multidisciplinary therapeutic team (plastic surgeon, dental surgeon, orthodontist, and prosthetist), with the proviso that the patient should have a positive approach. Successful orthodontic treatment of intergnathic relation and shape of the dental arches served as the basis. It was followed by a reconstruction of the defective alveolus using autologous cancellous bone grafts, harvested from an iliac crest. Dental implants were inserted 12-15 weeks after the transplantation and subsequently a prosthetic component was applied with a time delay of at least 2 months. After the orthodontic preparation, reconstruction of the alveolus has so far been performed in 38 patients. Their age was at least 14 years, i.e. the age when growth of the orofacial region was finalised or already complete. The crucial tasks at this stage are to form a stable, three-dimensional voluminous alveolar crest, and to cover the grafts with a sufficient amount of quality soft tissue. We needed an average amount of 3.7 ccm of cancellous bone graft for the reconstruction. This amount can be harvested only from an enchondral bone. For soft tissue shell the mucoperiosteal shift of flap from cleft segment was used. In more serious cases contralateral or even bilateral shift was performed. The relief of tissue tension was performed by double cut-back. Using the approach described we attained a 84.2% success rate. Our results and experience derived within this project show that the success rate of this procedure depends on the continuous flow of the alveolar arch with a good intergnathic relation, with a length of defect between crowns of border teeth of at least 8 mm. The original osseous walls of the defect must definitely be of suitable height. On-lay augmentation does not work in these cases. A subsequent pitfall lies in resorption of transplanted bone, which may be reduced due to an early load by a dental implant. During the three months after the reconstruction a spongy osseous graft matures enough to ensure the primary stability of a fixture. We emphasise the necessity of close co-operation of the therapeutic team in such cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Morphology and some biomechanical properties of human liver and spleen.

The aim of the study was an experimental determination of some morphological and mechanical properties of human liver and spleen (amount of collagen in organ capsules, their critical tension and density), followed by a definition of the threshold of critical acceleration, above which the organs can be injured during a car crash. Experiments were done on 33 fresh cadavers (18 males, 15 females; age 3 months to 88 years), and completed by sled tests on dummies testing the loads of both hypochondrial regions protected by air bags and/or seat belts. Results obtained were the following: (1). liver: capsule collagen 14-35%, critical tension 0.066-0.386 MPa, density 0.92-1.19 g/ml, critical acceleration 48-155 g; (2). spleen: capsule collagen 1.8-24.4%, critical tension 0.022-0.652 MPa, density 0.85-1.25 g/ml, critical acceleration 33-149 g. Loads of both hypochondrial regions measured on dummies during a predefined sled test were 34-67 g. Results obtained were evaluated qualitatively and discussed from the point of view of their possible use in future passive safety engineering and design calculations.

Acceleration↗
PubMed2000

Capsular contracture in augmentation mammaplasty.

In a group of 331 augmentation mammaplasties performed at the Clinic of Plastic Surgery in Prague from 1994-1998, capsular contracture was recorded in 6% cosmetic and 12% of reconstruction operations. The main cause was, in particular, the quality of tissue surrounding the implants along with individual disposition. The incidence of this complication did not differ significantly in relation to the placement of the prosthesis beneath the muscle or gland. Based on histological analysis and the clinical finding, it is obvious that disintegration of the prosthesis does not always lead to severe grades of capsular contracture. It is despite the presence of foreign bodies in the connective tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Bronchoalveolar carcinoma, its diagnosis, therapy and prognosis].

The authors give an account of 18 patients with morphologically confirmed bronchioalveolar carcinoma, hospitalized at the First Clinic for TB and Respiratory Diseases in 1969-1988. Women predominated in the group at a ratio of 2:1, mean age: women 46.5 years, men 63.5 years. In the family-history of six patients a malignant tumour of the digestive tract was recorded. The symptomatology of the disease did not differ from other bronchogenic carcinomas. As to X-ray forms large-node carcinoma was most frequent (8x), there were equal numbers (5x) of pneumonic and disseminated carcinomas. The diagnosis of the disease is difficult. In eight instances it was made only after examination of the resected portion. In disseminated forms a high yield was obtained by open pulmonary biopsy, needle aspiration of the lungs. A small yield was obtained by bronchological examination and examination of sputum. The most favourable prognosis was recorded after resection where from a total of nine patients two survive (19 and 4 years), the remaining 7 patients survived for a mean period of seven years. Patients treated by chemotherapy survive for six months, those with actinotherapy and symptomatic treatment for 11 months.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1992

Subcellular distribution of differently glycosylated forms of active and inactive renin in rat kidney: effect of sodium depletion and captopril treatment.

Distribution of differently glycosylated forms of active and inactive renin was investigated in fractions prepared by discontinuous density gradient centrifugation of rat kidney cortex homogenate. Concanavalin A (con A) chromatography separated active and inactive renin into three differently glycosylated forms in both cytosol and granule fractions: a minor con A unbound form (I), a loosely bound form (II), and the most predominant tightly bound form (III). After a long-term stimulation of renin synthesis and secretion by sodium depletion and captopril treatment the relative proportion of active renins I and II in granules significantly increased, while that of active renin III decreased. The relative proportion of inactive renins I and II in granule compared to cytosol fractions was significantly higher and that of inactive renin III was lower. The results indicate that glycosylation might have some relation to the rate of sorting of prorenin into the granules, or of its processing within granules. Alternatively, it might influence the rate of inactive renin release via the constitutive pathway.

Animals↗