PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Stöver

Publications and source records attributed to B Stöver.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Radiologic diagnosis of the battered child syndrome].

The imaging modalities play a key role in the investigation and documentation of the battered child syndrome. The primary diagnostic imaging study in suspected child abuse is either a bone scan and x-ray series or a complete radiographic skeletal survey by x-ray series in babies and infants. In expected intracranial injuries, a CT scan of the head is mandatory; ultrasound has to be performed in order to exclude visceral lesions. The conventional radiographic examination permits us to identify the appearance of the injury (periosteal bleeding and ossification, metaphyseal fragmentation, fracture and epiphysiolysis) as well as the mechanism of the lesion: direct blow, twisting or traction of a limb, compression or shaking. In addition the age of the lesion can be derived from typical healing processes of the skeleton. Furthermore, non accidental skeletal malformations can be detected and may allow the exclusion of child abuse.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1986

[Prediction of adult height: methodologic possibilities and their limitations].

Three main approaches for estimating a child's mature height, including skeletal age are in common use: Bayley-Pinneau, Roche-Wainer-Thissen and Tanner (i.e. TW Mark 2 Method). Principles and fundamental differences are demonstrated. The acceptance of the methods is discussed as well as the practicability of each system. In addition, the relative accuracy, possibilities of errors and the limitation of all systems to pathologic conditions are considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Determination of heart size and measurements of blood vessels in chest imaging of 4 to 15-year-old children with a healthy cardiovascular system].

The standard heart size, i.e., heart diameters and heart volume, of normal children aged 4-15 years were obtained. In all cases requiring exact heart-size determination, heart volume calculation is mandatory in children as well as in adults. Statistical work to date has provided the precise calculation of heart volume from plain films in the upright position. Additional plain films in the prone position are unnecessary because there is no evidence of an orthostatic influence on heart volume in children. The percentiles of normal heart volume related to body weight, representing the best correlation to the individual data, are given as well as percentiles related to age. Furthermore, ratios of normal vessel size to the height of the 8th thoracic vertebral body, measured on the same plain film, are given. In addition, the ratio of upper-to-lower lung vessel size is calculated. These ratios are useful criteria in estimating normal vessel size and also in cases with increased pulmonary venous pressure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

A double-blind placebo controlled trial with oral ambroxol and N-acetylcysteine for mucolytic treatment in cystic fibrosis.

The therapeutic efficacy of oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ambroxol as compared with the effect of placebos was studied in 36 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with mild to moderate pulmonary disease. The patients were randomly assigned to one of three regimens, matched on the basis of age and Chrispin-Norman scores. The trial was conducted over a period of 12 weeks. Patients were assessed clinically and by extensive pulmonary function techniques (body-plethysmography, maximal expiratory flow-volume curves, trapped air determination). Although no clinical differences could be observed between the three groups, significant impairment in the placebo group was found for trapped air and FEV1 when compared to the active groups, suggesting a therapeutic effect of ambroxol and NAC in CF.

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMed1985

Bronchial allergy in cystic fibrosis.

Thirty-one patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) were thoroughly evaluated for allergy. This included a clinical history, skin tests with twenty-three allergens and bronchial provocation with inhaled allergens and histamine. The bronchial response was measured by whole body plethysmography. Of the patients studied, 40% showed a bronchoconstrictor response to inhaled allergens, despite the fact that none had reported asthma in their clinical history. Strong skin test reactions (3+ and 4+) and weak reactions (2+) were associated with 65% and 4% of positive reactions of the airways respectively. Weak skin reactions with Aspergillus fumigatus, however, were associated with 43% of positive bronchial challenges. In addition to Aspergillus, the mould Alternaria tenuis was found to be an important allergen causing a bronchial response in CF patients. There was no correlation between the thresholds of bronchial sensitivity to allergen and histamine, suggesting that the pathogenetic mechanisms of CF and bronchial asthma are different.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Conjugated-estrogen treatment of excessively tall girls (author's transl)].

46 excessively tall girls, aged 10.5-15 years and with a mean height prediction of 185.5+/-3.3 cm were treated with 7.5 mg conjugated estrogens daily and 5 mg gestagens daily for 5-10 days. Treatment for 30 girls has been completed. Bone age was assessed according to Tanner et al. taking into account midparent height. Mean bone-age was 13.0+/-0.6 years at the beginning and 15.5+/-0.6 years at the end of treatment. Duration of therapy was 19.6+/- 6.8 months and mean reduction of predicted height in all patients was 4.1+/-2.4 cm. Bone age subgroups do not alter the results. Bone maturation was accelerated by treatment to 1.8 years/year with marked acceleration during the first six months. Growth velocity was low during the 6th-12th month. Increase of growth was 1.4+/-1.2 cm in the second period of therapy, representing 50% of the initial phase. Side-effects were minimal. The results are in agreement with those reported in other comparable series.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Primary tuberculosis in children - thoracic x-ray findings supply clue (author's transl)].

A retrospective study of 55 children was performed in order to emphasize the radiological signs indicating primary pulmonary tuberculosis. The endothoracic lymphnodes are of special importance. Hilar lymphnode enlargement is a obligatory symptom and often combined with enlargement of mediastinal lymphnodes. The pathological findings are normally unilateral. Stenosis of larger bronchi and/or compression of trachea caused by enlarged lymphnodes is a useful diagnostic criterion. Bronchial compression secondary 10 unspecific inflammation is rare. Nearly 50% of our cases showed bronchial compression. In 14 children tracheal compression was evident. Stenosis of larger bronchi and of the trachea are usually identifiable on adequately exposed plain films. Pulmonary manifestations in primary pulmonary tuberculosis are usually due to bronchial stenosis or penetration of caseate lymphnodes into the bronchial tree.

Child↗
PubMed1982

[Indications of valvular pulmonary stenosis on plain chest films (author's transl)].

Plain chest films of 87 children aged 4-14 years with valvular pulmonary stenosis proved by cardiac catheterization and of an age matched control group of 92 healthy children were evaluated in a retrospective study. Up to 4 years the evaluation was impaired by the overlying thymus. The evidence of poststenotic dilatation of the pulmonary trunk and the left pulmonary artery branch together with a normal or increased left sided perihilar pulmonary vascularity is essential for the diagnosis of valvular pulmonary stenosis. The pulmonary trunk showed marked dilatation in 47 cases, mild dilatation in 11 cases and no dilatation in 21 cases. A cranial displacement of the pulmonary trunk which partially reached or overlapped the aortic knuckle was seen in 44 children. 50 children showed a hilar enlargement due to the poststenotic dilatation of the left pulmonary artery branch. 1/5 of the children showed extension of the poststenotic enlargement into the left sided segmental artery branches. Cardiac size, calculated by heart volume, was within age specific limits. No correlation was found concerning the severity of the stenosis and the radiographic findings. Indications of valvular pulmonary stenosis increased with the age of the child.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Dyssegmental dwarfism--report on two cases (author's transl)].

Report on 2 cases of dyssegmental dwarfism, a rare lethal form of dwarfism. Both male newborns died from asphyxia immediately after delivery. Its features are malformations of the first visceral arch (Pierre-Robin-Syndrome) malformations of all extremities (Camptomicromelia) and severe malformations of the spine (Anisospondyly), with the vertebral changes serving as the main differential diagnostic feature. Among other things, these malformations are due to defective enchondral ossification; and the disease is presumably autosomal recessive.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1980

[Metatropic dysplasia. A rare skeletal anomaly (author's transl)].

Metatropic dwarfism is a rare form of bone dysplasia which is manifest already at birth. One feature is an early manifestation of progressive kyphoscoliosis, causing a reversal of body proportions. The radiological changes permit classification by establishing the presence of anisospondylia, a "halberd shaped" pelvis and epimetaphyseal ossification disorders. Inheritance is probably autosomal-recessive or dominant.

Dwarfism↗
PubMed1978

The size of the aortic arch: a suitable criterion for differentiating between congenital heart diseases with left-to-right shunt?

A retrospective study was carried out to determine whether aortic arch size can be regarded as a reliable criterion for differentiating between congenital left-to-right shunt defects. The PA and AP plain chest films of children of all age groups with ductus arteriosus persistens (DAP) (n = 91), atrial septal defect (ASD) (n = 86), ventricular septal defect (VSD) (n = 87) and a normal control group (n = 387) were used to measure the size of the aortic arch, and an aortic index (AI) was calculated from aortic arch size and the height of the eighth thoracic vertebral body. Three age classes were defined from the AI values of the control group, and the diagnostic groups in each age class were compared with each other. Enlargement of the aortic arch, as reflected in an elevated AI value, was found most frequently in DAP cases. The size of the aortic arch is, however, of varying differential diagnostic value, depending on the age group. No correlation was found between aortic arch size and the size of the left-to-right shunt in cases of DAP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[An analysis of the plain chest films of 109 children with atrial septal defect. The correlation between different radiological criteria and shunt size (author's transl)].

Radiograms of the chest (p.a.--and lateral projection) of 109 children with atrial septal defect taken before cardiac catheterisation have been evaluated under standardized principles; correlation between size of the left-to-right shunt and the radiographic changes has been performed. The examiner evaluated at random radiographs of 213 subjects, of whom 104 had no cardiac disease. Besides the determination of several radiographic criteria the examiner had to decide whether the subject in question had cardiac abnormalities or not. There has been a statistically significant correlation between the size of shunt-volume and the amount of radiographic changes as: 1. pulmonary vascular markings, 2. size of the right ventricle in the lateral projection, 3. cardiac configuration in the p.a.-projection, 4. relative cardiac volume, 5. size and shape of the pulmonary artery segment, 6. size of the aortic arch. The highest diagnostic value is represented by pulmonary vascular markings; this is of great importance. Because pulmonary vascular markings can be in any age group evaluated on technically good radiographs. 78% of the atrial septal defects could be detected by radiographic criteria. In 5% of the children with no cardiac disease a vitium cordis had been diagnosed erroneously.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of the pericardial cyst.

Findings obtained with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in four patients with pericardial cyst are reported. MR imaging allowed not only localization and diagnosis in all four cases but characterization of cystic content. MR imaging, including RARE (rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement) MR hydrography, which shows only liquids with T2s greater than 500 msec, proved to be useful in characterizing the fluid content of a mediastinal lesion and monitoring follow-up. In one case, MR imaging allowed differentiation of a pericardial cyst from a suspected necrotic lymph node in a patient with colic carcinoma, with subsequent correction of staging and therapy. The authors conclude that MR imaging is the method of choice for diagnosis (especially in unusual locations) and monitoring of pericardial cysts and for differential diagnosis of malignant mediastinal cystic tumors that show a solid part.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR detection of quantitative and structural changes in human aortic aneurysms.

Collagen is a major component of the extracellular matrix and a determinant of the elastic behavior of the human aorta. To investigate the changes found in aneurysmal degeneration, the authors studied the solid-state hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance line shape of collagen in aneurysms and normal human aortas. A three-component decomposition of the free induction decay was performed, with collagen characterized by a T2 of about 18 microseconds. The second moment of the collagen line shape was found to be increased in aneurysms (5.3 vs 4.8 G2), while, correspondingly, the T2 of collagen was lower in aneurysms (16.3 vs 17.7 microseconds). This corresponds to a modification of collagen structure and molecular motion. Collagen concentration was lower in nondiseased aortic walls (9.4% vs 7.3%). These results are discussed in reference to the contradictory conclusions in the current literature. The increase in collagen and the modification of its structure and molecular motion are explained by the need to resist an increasing tangential tension due to increased aortic diameter and diminished wall thickness in aneurysms and by intercalation or site binding in the helices or electric dipolar interactions in the less mobile side groups.

Aorta, Abdominal↗