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Biomedical subjects

B Stocking

Publications and source records attributed to B Stocking.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Implementing the findings of Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth in the United Kingdom.

Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth (ECPC) is a comprehensive analysis of evidence. The findings are only now beginning to influence practice in the United Kingdom several years after its publication. This article assesses the extent to which policy makers and practitioners are prepared to use evidence and proposes ways to implement the ECPC findings. Such efforts would require leadership from the U.K. Department of Health and the commitment of the leaders of professional and consumer bodies to promote perhaps 10 or 12 key findings rather than try to push forward the whole program at once. A coordinated approach would then be needed to influence managers, professionals, and service users, first through informing them of the findings, and then by devising specific approaches, such as the use of opinion leaders, for each group. Finally, changes in practice should be monitored.

Health Education↗
PubMed1992

Bringing about change: the introduction of secure units.

The introduction of regional secure units into the NHS was studied as one example of the diffusion of patient care innovations. As well as the general history of secure units events in four Regions were studied in detail for the period from 1974 up to mid-1983. It is concluded that secure units became gradually more acceptable over time as (i) the need for such units was recognized, (ii) the climate of opinion changed in psychiatric hospitals from seeing secure units as a retrograde step, following the acceptance of more open door policies, to seeing secure units as a prestige development which might safeguard the future of a particular hospital, (iii) government loosened the definitions of what secure units should be and how they should operate so that there was more room for different regions to assess their own needs. Regions which were able to move relatively fast on secure unit development were those where there was already a 'product champion' present to promote the ideas, usually a forensic psychiatrist, and where there was also managerial support and designated responsibility for secure unit development at local and regional level. It is concluded that while public reaction was a hindrance it did not slow down secure unit development as much as might have been expected.

Forensic Psychiatry↗
PubMed1986

Immunoperoxidase staining of carcinoembryonic antigen as a prognostic indicator in colorectal carcinoma.

Immunoperoxidase staining for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was performed on 192 colorectal carcinomas to determine: whether tissue staining can be substituted for preoperative serum CEA levels, and whether patient survival can be predicted by these parameters. The overall incidence of positive tissue staining was 75 percent, which was similar to the elevated serum level percentage of 73 percent. Both the serum CEA level and the CEA tissue stain correlated with patient survival in Dukes' stage C patients. There was no correlation between tissue CEA stain and tumor differentiation. Positive tissue stain and elevated preoperative serum CEA identified patients with poor prognosis in Dukes' stage D only. This study shows that tissue staining with immunoperoxidase may be substituted for preoperative serum levels for CEA. The combination of these two parameters, however, does not identify patients at greater risk for recurrence than either procedure alone.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Ways of influencing the behaviour of general practitioners.

What evidence is there for the success or failure of the different methods used to influence the behaviour of general practitioners, whether in their work with patients, or in the organization of a practice?This preliminary exploration of the literature suggests that, although change is always occurring, its deliberate inducement is usually slow and laborious. Doubt is cast on the efficacy of existing financial incentives, and of unsolicited feedback about performance. There is little evidence for the influence of audit on behaviour but personal contact with doctors, nurses and other colleagues, and to a lesser extent with patients, is relatively effective, both in influencing the teamwork of a practice and in more formal education. However, it is combinations of different methods which most successfully influence general practitioners.

Behavior↗