Biomedical subjects

B Sun

Publications and source records attributed to B Sun.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

Mitigation of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in ventilated rabbits by surfactant and inhaled nitric oxide.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of surfactant and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI). DESIGN: Prospective, randomised, controlled experimental study. SETTING: A medical university hospital research laboratory. INTERVENTION: Twenty-nine adult rabbits (2.4-3.4 kg) were given two doses of intravenous endotoxin (Escherichia coli) (0.01 mg/kg and, 12 h later, 0.1 mg/kg), and then subjected to mechanical ventilation. After 8 h these animals were allocated to four treatment groups: (1) control, (2) iNO at 20 ppm (NO), (3) surfactant at 100 mg/kg (Surf) and (4) both surfactant and iNO as in groups 2 and 3 (SNO), and ventilated for a further 6 h followed by broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL), analysis of surfactant contents in BAL fluid and histological examination of the lungs. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: All the animals had developed ALI with respiratory failure 8 h after the second dose of endotoxin as evidenced by a decrease of PaO2/FIO2 from 520 +/- 30 to 395 +/- 19 mmHg and dynamic compliance (Cdyn) from 1.20 +/- 0.11 to 0.73 +/- 0.05 ml/ cmH2O x kg, and an increase of intrapulmonary shunting (Qs/Qt) from 7.5 +/- 0.8% to 12.9 +/- 1.0% (all measurements p < 0.01 versus baseline). In the SNO group, values for PaO2/FIO2, Cdyn and Qs/Qt after 6 h were 301 +/- 15 mmHg, 0.67 +/- 0.05 ml/cmH2O x kg and 16.5 +/- 0.8%, compared to 224 +/- 26 mmHg, 0.53 +/- 0.04 ml/ cmH2O x kg and 24.1 +/- 2.0%, respectively, in the control group (all measurements p < 0.01). Both Surf and NO groups showed intermediate levels of these parameters. In both Surf and SNO groups, the minimum surface tension of BAL fluid was lower, and the content of disaturated phosphatidylcholine/total protein higher, than in the control and NO groups (p < 0.01). Histological features of lung injury were less prominent and wet/dry lung weight ratio lower in the NO, Surf and SNO groups. Decreased surfactant protein A (SP-A) and its mRNA expression were found in all endotoxin-exposed groups, but the SP-A content of the SNO group was moderately improved in comparison to the control group. Surfactant aggregate size was not affected. CONCLUSION: Early application of surfactant and iNO moderately mitigated ALI as reflected by improvement of lung mechanics, pulmonary perfusion and morphology.

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed2000

Surgical treatment of primary midbrain gliomas.

BACKGROUND: The treatment of brainstem gliomas remains controversial. This article focuses on surgical results. METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed 35 patients with primary midbrain gliomas who were treated at Beijing Neurosurgical Institute from 1986 to 1997. The diagnosis was verified by histological examination. RESULT: The incidence of midbrain glioma was 10.3% (35/340) in our patients with brain stem tumors. The 35 gliomas were classified into three therapeutic groups by their locations: 7 were located in the tectal region, 8 in the aqueductal region, and 20 in the tegmental region. All of the patients underwent microsurgical treatment based on a minimally invasive approach. The operation took the form of total resection in 19 cases, subtotal resection in 12, and partial resection in 4. The operative mortality was 0. With a mean follow-up of 28 months (range, 6-48 months), 65.7% (23/35) of patients could live independently. CONCLUSION: The volume and location of midbrain tumors were highly correlated with outcome. The resection of as much tumor as possible was optimal for the treatment of midbrain gliomas and radiotherapy after operation was beneficial to patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Aerosolized surfactant in lung-lavaged adult rats: factors influencing the therapeutic response.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of aerosolized modified natural surfactant in adult rats with respiratory failure. METHODS: Lung-lavaged adult rats were treated with aerosolized surfactant, aerosolized saline or a bolus of surfactant. Surfactant was labelled with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and human serum albumin was given intravenously for evaluation of lung protein leakage. Blood gases and dynamic compliance were measured intermittently. At the end of ventilation, the lungs were either fixed by vascular perfusion for histological examination or washed for determination of total phospholipids, DMPC and human albumin in the lavage fluid. RESULTS: Treatment with bolus surfactant led to a quick and sustained restoration of pre-lavage blood gas values in most animals. The response to aerosolized surfactant varied considerably, with an overall moderate improvement of gas exchange. The saline-treated group failed to show any significant recovery of lung function. No histopathological differences were found between any of the groups. On average 0.46% of total administered aerosolized surfactant could be recovered. Vascular-to-alveolar leakage of human albumin averaged 11%, with no significant differences between the groups. Final values for PaO2 were significantly correlated with total phospholipids in the lavage fluid, and inversely related to the vascular-to-alveolar leakage of albumin. CONCLUSION: Neither bolus nor aerosolized surfactant influenced lung morphology. Nebulized surfactant improved lung function but the effect was inferior to that obtained with bolus surfactant, and the outcome depended on the balance between the combined pool size of exogenous and endogenous surfactant and the vascular-to-alveolar leakage of serum protein.

Aerosols↗

PubMed2000

Inhibition of growth of OV-1063 human epithelial ovarian cancers and c- jun and c- fos oncogene expression by bombesin antagonists.

Receptors for bombesin are present on human ovarian cancers and bombesin-like peptides could function as growth factors in this carcinoma. Therefore, we investigated the effects of bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) antagonists RC-3940-II and RC-3095 on the growth of human ovarian carcinoma cell line OV-1063, xenografted into nude mice. Treatment with RC-3940-II at doses of 10 microg and 20 microg per day s.c. decreased tumour volume by 60.9% (P< 0.05) and 73.5% (P< 0.05) respectively, after 25 days, compared to controls. RC-3095 at a dose of 20 microg per day reduced the volume of OV-1063 tumours by 47.7% (P = 0.15). In comparison, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) antagonist Cetrorelix at a dose of 100 microg per day caused a 64.2% inhibition (P< 0.05). RT-PCR analysis showed that OV-1063 tumours expressed mRNA for bombesin receptor subtypes BRS-1, BRS-2, and BRS-3. In OV-1063 cells cultured in vitro, GRP(14-27) induced the expression of mRNA for c- jun and c- fos oncogenes in a time-dependent manner. Antagonist RC-3940-II inhibited the stimulatory effect of GRP(14-27) on c- jun and c- fos in vitro. In vivo, the levels of c- jun and c- fos mRNA in OV-1063 tumours were decreased by 43% (P< 0.05) and 45% (P = 0. 05) respectively, after treatment with RC-3940-II at 20 microg per day. Exposure of OV-1063, UCI-107 and ES-2 ovarian carcinoma cells to RC-3940-II at 1 microM concentration for 24 h in vitro, extended the latency period for the development of palpable tumours in nude mice. Our results indicate that antagonists of bombesin/GRP inhibit the growth of OV-1063 ovarian cancers by mechanisms that probably involve the downregulation of c- jun and c- fos proto-oncogenes.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Isolation and characterization of Desulfovibrio dechloracetivorans sp. nov., a marine dechlorinating bacterium growing by coupling the oxidation of acetate to the reductive dechlorination of 2-chlorophenol.

Strain SF3, a gram-negative, anaerobic, motile, short curved rod that grows by coupling the reductive dechlorination of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) to the oxidation of acetate, was isolated from San Francisco Bay sediment. Strain SF3 grew at concentrations of NaCl ranging from 0.16 to 2.5%, but concentrations of KCl above 0. 32% inhibited growth. The isolate used acetate, fumarate, lactate, propionate, pyruvate, alanine, and ethanol as electron donors for growth coupled to reductive dechlorination. Among the halogenated aromatic compounds tested, only the ortho position of chlorophenols was reductively dechlorinated, and additional chlorines at other positions blocked ortho dechlorination. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, and nitrate were also used as electron acceptors for growth. The optimal temperature for growth was 30 degrees C, and no growth or dechlorination activity was observed at 37 degrees C. Growth by reductive dechlorination was revealed by a growth yield of about 1 g of protein per mol of 2-CP dechlorinated, and about 2.7 g of protein per mole of 2,6-dichlorophenol dechlorinated. The physiological features and 16S ribosomal DNA sequence suggest that the organism is a novel species of the genus Desulfovibrio and which we have designated Desulfovibrio dechloracetivorans. The unusual physiological feature of this strain is that it uses acetate as an electron donor and carbon source for growth with 2-CP but not with sulfate.

Acetates↗

PubMed2000

Prevention of rabbit acute lung injury by surfactant, inhaled nitric oxide, and pressure support ventilation.

Improvement of pulmonary perfusion and blood oxygenation and prevention of acute lung injury (ALI) may rely on ventilation strategy. We hypothesized that application of a combined surfactant, inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), and pressure support ventilation (PSV) should more effectively protect the lungs from injury. Anesthetized and intubated adult rabbits weighing 2.8 +/- 0.3 kg were allowed to breathe room air while receiving oleic acid intravenously (60 microl/kg). Within 90 min this caused a reduction of Pa(O(2)) from 94 +/- 7 to 48 +/- 3 mm Hg and dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) from 1.59 +/- 0.22 to 0.85 +/- 0.10 ml/cm H(2)O/kg (both p < 0.01), and increase of intrapulmonary shunting (Q S/Q T) from 9.4 +/- 1.2 to 27 +/- 5% (p < 0.05). PSV was subsequently applied with 3 cm H(2)O of continuous positive airway pressure and FI(O(2)) of 0.3, and the animals were randomly allocated to four groups, receiving: (1) PSV only (Control, n = 10); (2) iNO at 20 ppm (NO, n = 9); (3) surfactant phospholipids at 100 mg/kg (Surf, n = 8); and (4) surfactant at 100 mg/kg and iNO at 20 ppm (SNO, n = 8). PSV level was varied to maintain a tidal volume of 8 to 10 ml/kg for another 12 h or until early animal death. Five animals in the SNO, three each in the NO and Surf group, and one in the Control group survived 12 h (SNO versus Control, p < 0.05). The NO, Surf, and SNO groups had significantly improved mean Pa(O(2)) (> 70 mm Hg, p < 0.05), and reduced Q S/Q T (15, 19, and 17%, respectively, p < 0.05) at 6 and 12 h, but not in the Control group. The SNO group had the highest values of Cdyn at 12 h, alveolar aeration and disaturated phosphatidylcholine-to-total protein ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and the lowest wet-to-dry lung weight ratio and lung injury score (p < 0.05). The results indicate that early alleviation of ALI by surfactant, iNO, and PSV is due to synergistic effects, and only PSV in this model had limited effects.

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed2000

Human ovarian cancers express somatostatin receptors.

Characteristics of receptors for somatostatin (SST) analog RC-160 on 17 surgical specimens of human epithelial ovarian cancer and two human ovarian cancer lines were determined by ligand competition assays. The expression of mRNA for four SST receptor subtypes (sst1, sst2A, sst3 and sst5) was investigated by RT-PCR. Thirteen of 17 specimens (76%) exhibited high affinity binding sites for RC-160 with Kd = 6.55 nmol/L and a Bmax = 575.4 fmol/mg membrane protein. Specific receptors for RC-160 were also found in xenografts of OV-1063 and UCI-107 human ovarian cancer lines. The mRNA for sst1 was detected in 65% of the ovarian cancer specimens, while the incidence of sst2A, sst3 and sst5 was 65%, 41% and 24%, respectively. Both ovarian cancer cell lines also expressed mRNA for these four subtypes. The presence of these SST receptor subtypes in human ovarian cancers allows the use of SST analogs and their radionuclide and cytotoxic derivatives for the diagnosis and treatment of this malignancy.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

High expression of somatostatin receptors and messenger ribonucleic acid for its receptor subtypes in organ-confined and locally advanced human prostate cancers.

To evaluate the potential application of somatostatin (SST) analogs as an adjuvant treatment for prostate cancer, we characterized the binding sites for SST octapeptide analogs on prostate cancers in patients treated with radical prostatectomy. The affinity and density of binding sites for SST analog RC-160 on 80 surgical specimens of prostate cancers were determined by ligand competition assays. The expression of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for SST receptor subtype 1 (SSTR1), subtype 2 (SSTR2), and subtype 5 (SSTR5) was also investigated in 22 samples by RT-PCR. Fifty-two of 80 specimens (65%), showed a single class of specific binding sites for RC-160 with a mean dissociation constant (K(d)) of 9.44 nmol/L and a mean maximal binding capacity of 754.8 fmol/mg membrane protein. The mRNA for SSTR1 was detected in 86% of samples, whereas the incidences of mRNA for SSTR2 and SSTR5 were 14% and 64%, respectively. The expression of SSTR2 and/or SSTR5 was 100%, consistent with the presence of RC-160 binding. In patients at high risk of cancer recurrence (stage pT3 and/or Gleason score of 8-10), the incidence of RC-160 binding (65.7%) was similar to that observed in the low risk group (64.3%). The demonstration of the high incidence of octapeptide-preferring SSTRs in organ-confined and locally advanced prostate cancers supports the merit of further investigations of the application of SST analogs and their radionuclide and cytotoxic derivatives for adjuvant treatment of patients at high risk of cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Such approaches could be also considered for patients with advanced prostate cancer at the time of relapse.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Stent-based gene therapy.

Delivery of gene therapy to inhibit intimal hyperplasia has been proposed to prevent postangioplasty restenosis. We sought to apply gene therapy by using a stent-based technique. There are several hurdles that must be overcome before gene-stent therapy can be applied successfully in clinical trials. These include increasing the efficiency of gene delivery through atherosclerotic plaque; increasing intramural retention times; preventing the inflammatory reaction that stents coated with biodegradable polymers can elicit; overcoming the risk of systemic gene delivery; and accessing the adventitia via percutaneous approach. We evaluated a gene-stent delivery mechanism based on microporous metal microneedles developed with nanotechnology in an attempt to overcome some of these problems. A novel approach to the transfection of genes by microfabricated technology was evaluated in smooth muscle cells in culture. We demonstrated that microneedles can deliver gene therapy to smooth muscle cells in culture and can produce controlled penetration of the IEL and intima. We conclude that taller microneedles need to be developed to reach the media in diseased human arteries and that this technology has the potential to be incorporated in a stent to deliver gene therapy in atherosclerotic plaque.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗

PubMed2000

Regression of U-87 MG human glioblastomas in nude mice after treatment with a cytotoxic somatostatin analog AN-238.

Receptors for somatostatin (SST) found on brain tumors could be used for targeting of chemotherapeutic agents. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of targeted cytotoxic SST analogue AN-238, consisting of 2-pyrrolinodoxorubicin (AN-201), a potent derivative of doxorubicin (DOX) linked to somatostatin analogue RC-121, on the growth of SST receptor-positive U-87 MG human glioblastomas. Nude mice bearing U-87 MG xenografts received i.v. saline or equimolar doses of AN-238 or AN-201 (150 nmol/kg). Experiments also included groups that were administered RC-121 prior to the injection of AN-238, and groups injected with AN-162, a cytotoxic SST analogue similar to AN-238 but containing DOX instead of AN-201. Tumor volume, weight, and burden were determined. The effect of AN-238 and AN-201 on the survival time of nude mice bearing orthotopically implanted U-87 MG tumors was also evaluated. The binding of AN-238 to U-87 MG tumors was determined by radioreceptor assay and SST receptor (SSTR) subtype by reverse transcription-PCR. Nineteen days after a single administration of AN-238 the growth of U-87 MG tumors in nude mice was significantly inhibited (P = 0.00168), whereas two injections of AN-238 produced the regression of tumors (P = 0.0046). AN-201 was toxic and ineffective at the same dose. The antitumor effect on AN-238 could be blocked by pretreatment of the tumor-bearing mice with RC-121. The mean survival time of nude mice inoculated orthotopically with U-87 MG cells into the brain was significantly prolonged by treatment with AN-238 (P = 0.0099). AN-162 failed to inhibit significantly the growth of U-87 MG xenografts. High affinity binding sites for SST and mRNA for SST-2 receptor subtype were detected in U-87 MG tumors. Cytotoxic SST analogue AN-238 can be targeted to SST receptors on U-87 MG human glioblastomas to produce powerful inhibition of growth.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Expression of FADD in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship with hepatic apoptosis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the features of Fas-associated death domain (FADD) expression in HCC and to determine its relationship with hepatic apoptosis. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect FADD expression in HCC. In situ end-labeling (ISEL) was employed to determine apoptotic cells. RESULTS: Ten cases (25. 6%) of HCC were detected to express FADD protein. The positive rate in HCC was lower than that in non-cancerous adjacent liver tissues which showed as high as 62.5% cases harbored FADD protein (P<0.05). Six out of 18 (33.3%) cases of mid to well differentiated HCC had detectable FADD protein. It is a little higher, but with no statistic significance, than that in poorly differentiated HCC which showed only 19% cases were positive for FADD. In those of grade I/II, 8 cases (38.1%) were FADD positive, while only 11.1% (2/18) cases of grade III/IV had FADD protein (P<0.05). No relationship was found between FADD expression and other clinical features, such as sex, age, tumor size or metastasis. ISEL positive cells could be seen in all cases of HCC. The hepatic apoptosis was associated with FADD expression because more apoptotic cells were detected in those cases which showed moderate to strong FADD positive, as compared with negative or weak FADD positive cases (P<0.05). While no relationship was found between FADD expression and hepatic apoptosis in non-cancerous adjacent liver tissues. CONCLUSION: Loss of FADD expression plays an important role in HCC carcinogenesis. The apoptosis of cells is associated with FADD expression in HCC.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Treating traumatic tattoo by micro-incision.

OBJECTIVE: To design a micro-incision operation for treating traumatic tattoo. METHODS: With an 11-gauge blade, a micro-incision was made on each side of the small tattoo spot and the tattoo skin was removed. For a longer tattoo particle, a longer incision was needed. The skin incision was sutured with 6-0 silk. For a complex tattoo, dermabrasion could be used first to remove the superficial one so as to expose the deep one which was removed in the same way as mentioned above. When there was a large number of tattoo particles, many operations were needed. RESULTS: Fourteen patients were treated by this method with good to excellent result. CONCLUSION: Micro-incision for treating traumatic tattoo is an effective method.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Expression of caspase3 gene does not correlate with tumor cell apoptosis in primary hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between caspase3 expression and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: In situ hybridization was employed to determine caspase3 expression, and in situ end-labeling was used to detect apoptotic cells in HCC. RESULTS: Twenty one of 39 (53.8%) cases of HCC were found to express caspase3 transcripts, while 46.2% of HCC failed to express it. Adjacent non-cancerous liver tissues showed more caspase3 positiveity (87.5%, 7/8) as compared with HCC (P < 0.05). The expression of caspase3 was correlated with HCC differentiation, as 72.2% (13/18) of moderately to well differentiated HCC showed positive caspase3 transcripts, while only 38.1% of poorly differentiated HCC was caspase3 positive (P < 0.05). No relationship was found between caspase3 and tumor size or grade or metastasis, although 62.5% (5/8) of HCC with metastasis was caspase3 positive but it did not differ significantly from that without metastasis (P > 0.05). Expression of caspase3 alone did not affect the apoptosis index (AI) of HCC. AI was 7.1@1000 in caspase3-positive tumors (n = 21), as compared to 6.6@1000 (n = 18) in caspase3-negative cases (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Although loss of caspase3 expression may contribute to hepato-carcinogenesis, its expression may not be related to cell apoptosis in HCC.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Study on the in vitro cleavage abilities of ribozymes specific to different sites of bcr-abl fusion gene and their induction of apoptosis in K562 cells].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the in vitro cleavage abilities of ribozymes specific to different sites of bcr-abl fusion gene and their effects on K562 cell. METHODS: First, three single-ribozymes specific to the fusion point were designed. After recombination, 6 vectors including single-, double- and triple- ribozymes were constructed and their in vitro cleavage abilities were compared. Then the triple-unit ribozyme retroviral vector was transfected into K562 cell to test its effect on cell cycle, apoptosis and cell structure. RESULTS: These ribozymes can cleave the template in vitro with different efficiency. The triple-unit ribozyme, with an efficiency of 70.8%, was the most efficient one. The cleavage efficiency of single-unit RZ1, RZ2 and RZ3 was 54.6%, 25.3% and 3.6%, respectively. Those of double-unit RZ12 and RZ23 were 60.7% and 30.3% respectively. The triple-unit ribozyme could inhibit the K562 cell growth by inducing apoptosis. CONCLUSION: It is a new way to treat CML by ribozymes specific to bcr-abl fusion gene, which made it available to purge bone marrow by bcr-abl specific ribozymes.

Apoptosis↗

PubMed2000

[Troponin T during cardiopulmonary bypass].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on myocardial troponin T and its clinical significance and relationship to myocardial cell injury. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients underwent open heart surgery under CPB. The procedures included correction of congenital heart disease in 15 patients, valve replacement in 15, and coronary artery bypass grafting in 7. Blood samples were taken at four different time intervals for assessing a troponin T. Correlative factors including duration of clamping of aorta, dosage of cardioplegic solution, and metabolic acidosis were studied. RESULTS: When clamping time > 60 minutes, dosage of cardioplegia solution < 10 ml/kg and existing metabolic acidosis, the level of troponin T was significantly increased (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The elevation of troponin T is closely related to cardiopulmonary bypass, especially the duration of clamping of aorta, insufficiency of cardioplegia, and metabolic acidosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[The clinical features and study on therapeutic effects of fungal keratitis].

OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical features and therapeutic effects of fungal keratitis (FK). METHODS: 110 cases (110 eyes) with the disease were divided into two types: hyphomycetic keratitis in 94 eyes and candida keratitis in 16 eyes. The clinical features and therapeutic effects of the two types were observed and compared. RESULTS: The hyphomycetic keratitis generally had a plant traumatic history. The border of corneal infiltration was not clear with feather edges, and had a tendency to penetrate into the deep stroma of cornea. There were endothelial plaques, hypopyon and bad therapeutic effects. The pathogenicity of cardida keratitis (CK) was related to the local long-term use of glucocorticoid, the fungus seldom expanded into the deep corneal layers and infiltrated into the inner eye. Its therapeutic effects were better. The border of CK was characterized with limitations, and was clear. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical features of the two types are different. The clinical features caused by different or the same pathogenic fungi show great variations. Early diagnoses, correct use of medicine and operation are the key points to increase the curative rate.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Effects of hypoxia alone or exercise combined on capillarization of rat gastrocnemius muscle and its mechanism].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of hypoxia and hypoxia-combined-exercise on capillary density and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor KDR of skeletal muscle in rats. METHODS: Myosin-ATPase histochemistry was used to assay the size and capillary density of skeletal muscle. VEGF and its receptor KDR were studied by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Five-week hypoxia (simulated 5,000 m altitude) resulted in a decrease in cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle fiber and an increase in capillary density (CD), but the capillary/fiber ratio (C/F) remained unchanged. After 5-week-exercise at high altitude (1 h/d, 6 d/w), the muscle fibers did not undergo atrophy. At the same time, CD and C/F were increased. VEGF protein was found primarily in the matrix between muscle fibers; VEGF receptor-KDR was shown mainly in endothelial cells of capillary. VEGF was more strongly stained in the skeletal muscle of hypoxia-combined-exercise rats than the other two groups. CONCLUSION: Hypoxia itself can not induce neovascularization, while hypoxia-combined-exercise rats show capillary proliferation in skeletal muscle. VEGF and its receptor might play roles in this process.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[A comparative study on the expressions of IL-4, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in BMMNC of acute and chronic aplastic anemia patients].

OBJECTIVE: To detect the induced levels of IL-4, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in the supernatant of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) and compare the difference of immune status between acute (SAA) and chronic (CAA) aplastic anemia patients. METHODS: Concentrations of IL-4, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in PHA-P-induced BMMNC supernatants were determined by ELISA assay in 11 SAA and 13 CAA patients as well as 16 controls. Concentration differences between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: (1) The IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha levels in AA patients studied were much higher than that in controls, and IL-4 levels were normal in SAA group but elevated in CAA group. (2) TNF-alpha levels were comparable between the two AA groups, but both IL-4 and IFN-gamma levels were significantly different between them. CONCLUSION: Enhanced cellular immunity seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of SAA, and enhancement of both cellular and humoral immunity might contribute to the pathogenesis of CAA.

Acute Disease↗