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B Sutherland

Publications and source records attributed to B Sutherland.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Some effects of temperature on the adults, eggs and pupae of Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus (Diptera: Muscidae).

Adults could only live and reproduce to their full capacity at temperatures between 20 degrees C and 30 degrees C. At 15 degrees C the females laid no eggs, the adult life span was relatively short and the reproductive capacity of females kept at 35 degrees C was low. The thermal histories of the flies had no apparent effect on their later reactions to temperature in any of the parameters tested. The viability rates of S. calcitrans eggs exposed to temperatures between 10 degrees C and 40 degrees C exceeded 84%, but 45 degrees C was lethal. The optimum temperatures for incubation of the eggs was 30 degrees C. Pupae of S. calcitrans seemed to tolerate temperatures between 20 degrees C and 30 degrees C, but their mortalities increased markedly outside this temperature range. Tests showed that pupal mortalities increased linearly with increasing periods of exposure to a temperature of 15 degrees C.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Nutritional values of different blood diets expressed as reproductive potentials in adult Stomoxys calcitrans L. (Diptera: Muscidae).

Experiments with Stomoxys calcitrans adults showed that different blood diets markedly affect the lifespan and reproductive potential of this species. When fed on blood from herbivores (cattle, sheep, goat, horse and donkey) the adults lay more eggs than they do when fed on blood from omnivores (pig). Blood from carnivores (dog) is even less suitable than that from omnivores, and no eggs are laid when the flies are fed on chicken blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The suitability of various types of dung and vegetable matter as larval breeding media for Stomoxys calcitrans L. (Diptera: Muscidae).

The dung of 7 species of domestic animals, 4 plant materials, standard larval breeding medium and 3 mixtures of some of these materials were evaluated as breeding media for Stomoxys calcitrans larvae. S. calcitrans could not breed in pure chicken dung or in either of the 2 types of sawdust tested, but Pinus spp. sawdust plus chicken dung proved an excellent breeding medium. Of the other media tested, Pennisetum spp. clippings were the least favourable for the development of S. calcitrans larvae. None of the media had any effect on the sex ratio of the adults that were cultured or on the viability of their eggs.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Diabetes and associated variables in the South Australian Aboriginal.

Diabetes of a predominant maturity-onset type has been identified as being up to ten times more prevalent in South Australian Aborigines than in Caucasians. On the evidence provided, nutritional status and obesity are thought to be dominant in the aetiology of the hyperglycaemia, although relative hyperinsulinaemia in full blood Aborigines suggests a significant racial genetic effect. It is suggested on these and other grounds that the diabetic genotype may represent a factor of previous survival advantage to the Aboriginal, now rendered deleterious by urbanization. The degree of hyperglycaemia, and its association with hyperlipidaemia, obesity, retinal arteriovenous changes and abnormal electrocardiographic findings, accentuates the significance of the diabetes, and underlines the serious need for ongoing nutritional education in these communities.

Adult↗