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Biomedical subjects

B Thorbjarnarson

Publications and source records attributed to B Thorbjarnarson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

CT of fibrous tissues and tumors with sonographic correlation.

Fibrous tissues and tumors may appear hyperdense relative to muscles and solid viscera on CT both before and after IV contrast injection. In addition, fibrous tissues generally have a homogeneously hypoechoic sonographic appearance. The diagnostic value of these criteria is illustrated in a group of 21 fibrous tissue abnormalities that includes retroperitoneal, mediastinal, and perigraft fibrosis, sclerosing pseudotumor of the orbit, generalized fibromatosis, desmoids, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and normal tendons and ligaments. It is concluded that while hyperdensity on CT and echopenia on sonography are not pathognomonic of fibrous tissue, they occur with sufficient frequency that their presence raises the possibility of a fibrous lesion.

Connective Tissue↗
PubMed1977

A clinicopathologic study of sex cases.

Six patients with surgically treated Menetrier's disease are presented. Diffuse or focal cystic hyperplasia of mucous secreting epithelium of the fundus with antral sparing characterized the stomachs in all of these cases. In most instances the disorder was found during evaluation of non-specific complaints of pain, nausea and diarrhea. Only one patient had sufficient loss of albumin to produce server ankle edema and four of the others had below normal serum albumin levels without associated symptoms. One patient presented with life threatening bleeding from the hyperplastic mucosa. None of the patients had an associated endocrine neoplasm. All of the patients are living and without symptoms of disease for periods ranging from three to twelve years after resection of all or part of the hyperplastic mucosa. The rationale for surgical therapy in this condition is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Crohn disease and pregnancy.

Seventy-eight women with Crohn disease, each having the physical capability and opportunity to bear children, were admitted to the New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center during a 20-year period. Forty-two pregnancies occurred. Results are suggestive of overall decreased fertility with no significant difference according to site of disease. The outcome of the pregnancies was not unlike that of the general population. Pregnancy did not exert an adverse effect on the disease itself, but termination of pregnancy was associated with relapse of Crohn disease 24% of the time.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Acute massive hemorrhage from intestinal Crohn disease. Report of seven cases and review of the literature.

Acute massive intestinal bleeding from Crohn disease occurred in 1.4% of 503 patients undergoing treatment at the New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center over a 43-year period. Of the entire series, 31% had clinically evident rectal bleeding, while 13% had occult bleeding. Combined with previously reported series, onset of massive bleeding was not influenced by age of patient, duration of Crohn disease, use of corticosteroids, or activity of disease. Surgical therapy gave satisfactory results in patients with life-threatening hemorrhage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Incidental splenectomy: a review of the literature and the New York Hospital experience.

981 consecutive splenectomies at The New York Hospital were reviewed. 18.9% were removed incidental to some other procedure, either to facilitate exposure or because of uncontrolled bleeding from capsular tears. The primary operation with which this was most frequently associated was gastric resection for peptic ulcer disease, accounting for 20.5% of the spleens so removed. Conversely, the incidental splenectomy was noted in only 0.91% of all gastrectomies and 1.4% of all left colectomies designated as nonradical procedures. It is therefore seldom a necessary procedure. Incidental splenectomy is more frequent when midline abdoiminal incisions are employed, less frequent with paramedian or left rectus splitting incisions. 85% of the spleens removed incidentally were grossly and microscopically unremarkable; lacerations most probably result from excessive manipulation rather than pathological changes predisposing to rupture. The postoperative morbidity and mortality is discussed and is felt to be increased significantly by the incidental splenectomy.

Gastrectomy↗
PubMed1976

Carcinoma of the gastric cardia and hiatal hernia.

Carcinoma of the cardia of the stomach in patients with sliding hiatal hernia is a disease of poor prognosis, since symptoms nearly always occur late in its course at an already incurable stage. Eleven cases are reviewed from the records of The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center from 1932 to 1975. Resectability of tumor appeared related to shorter interval between onset of symptoms and diagnosis. Barium studies combined with esophagoscopy led to correct preoperative diagnosis of malignancy in all cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Benign small bowel tumor.

The clinical record and histologic sections of 84 cases of benign small bowel tumor are reviewed. Manifestations of systemic diseases, congenital anomalies, and lesions of either the ileocecal valve or periampullary region were excluded. In the same time span there were 96 small bowel malignancies. Clinical presentation, pathologic findings, management and result are compared to the collected published experience of about 2000 cases. There were 36 leiomyomas, 22 lipomas, 9 angiomas, 6 neurofibromas and 4 fibromas. Thirty-six men and 48 women were affected; the majority in their fifth and sixth decade. Seventy-eight were operative and 6 autopsy diagnoses. The most common symptom was obstruction (42%) followed by hemorrhage (34%) and pain (22%), relative frequency differing for the various specific tumors. There were rarely significant physical findings. A diagnosis of small bowel tumor was made radiologically in 30 patients. Because of the nonspecificity of other signs and symptoms, an acute awareness of the possibility of small bowel tumor is mandatory for preoperative anticipation of the diagnosis. Local resection was performed in all with no deaths or significant postoperative complications.

Adenoma↗